延长即食海带保质期的研究

本文主要研究了采用化学方法即添加防腐剂的方法延长即食海带的保质期。结果发现添加增效尼泊金酯钠的效果明显好于其它防腐剂，确定添加0．250g／Kg浓度的增效尼泊金酯钠可有效地延长即食海带的保质期。     

海带水解工艺的研究

本文利用化学方法将海带进行水解,所得水解液含碘量高,是一种颇具开发前景的保健食品原料。     

熟食海带软罐头的加工及保鲜

以新鲜和干制海带为原料加工成含水量大于 70 %的熟食海带 ,对其工艺中的加工和防腐保鲜进行了研究 ,得到了高水分海带熟食品宜于工厂生产的科学数据。     

海带生长初期与成体期食品原料学特性

海带是重要的海洋生物资源及食品原料。但目前人们主要以成体海带作为食品原料,对不同生长期海带的食品原料学特性缺乏系统研究。为探明生长初期海带（以下称为海带苗）与成体海带的食品原料学特性,本实验对其主要营养成分、氨基酸组成、矿物质元素、脂肪酸、呈味游离氨基酸和烹饪质构特性进行分析。结果表明,海带苗的灰分、粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量高于成体海带。海带苗和成体海带必需氨基酸与总氨基酸的比值分别为0.36和0.34,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值分别为0.57和0.53。海带苗与成体海带钾元素的营养素参考值（nutrient reference value,NRV）分别为70.40%和41.25%,铁元素的NRV分别为54.60%和16.00%。海带苗的棕榈酸、豆蔻酸和反油酸含量高于成体海带。海带苗与成体海带的鲜味氨基酸滋味活性值（taste activity value,TAV）分别为3.46和0.64,甜味氨基酸TAV分别为0.27和0.80,苦味氨基酸TAV分别0.26和0.00。热烫后海带苗硬度、黏性、咀嚼性、胶着性、黏聚性和回复性小于热烫后的成体海带,而二者的弹性基本相当。综上,海带苗比成体海带具有更高的蛋白质营养效价、矿质元素含量、反油酸含量以及更好的滋味及质构特征。本研究可为海带在现代食品工业中的高值化利用提供食品原料特性数据,对于现代食品工业及海带产业发展具有一定的参考价值。     

海带保健酱油的研制

产品是以豆饼、麸皮、海带和海带根等为主要原料，采用低盐固态工艺酿造而成的一种新型调味佳品，产品除了具有传统酿造酱油的营养成分和风味外，还富含碘质成分，对于内陆和缺碘地区的居民尤为适用。     

2017~2019年日照市市售海带中铅、镉、汞、砷、无机砷污染监测分析

目的 调查日照市市售海带中常见污染物铅、镉、汞、砷、无机砷污染的含量,为市售海带的深加工与安全风险评价提供基础资料与科学依据。方法 在市直、县区各农贸市场、超市、食堂等进行随机采样,用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定市售海带中铅、镉、汞、砷的含量,以液相色谱-原子荧光光谱仪测定无机砷的含量,并按照湿、淡干、盐干等三种海带样品进行分类,对检测结果进行比较分析。 结果 2017～2019年日照市市售海带样品按照湿、淡干、盐干分类,三类样品中铅、镉、汞、砷及无机砷的含量在不同年度之间具有一致性。在同一年度中,铅、镉、砷含量的平均值：湿<盐干<淡干；汞含量平均值：湿<盐干、淡干,盐干、淡干样品中汞含量无显著差异；湿样品无机砷含量均合格,而淡干、盐干样品合格率偏低。结论 海带中铅、镉、汞、砷、无机砷污染普遍存在,而在湿、淡干与盐干海带中铅、镉、汞、砷、无机砷含量的差别应在监管与安全风险评估中给予重视。     

The hypoglycemic effect of the kelp on diabetes mellitus model induced by alloxan in rats

Hypoglycemic effects and the use of kelp in diabetes mellitus (DM) model rats induced by alloxan were investigated. Sixty healthy male rats were used to establish DM models by injecting alloxan intraperitoneally. Kelp powder was added to the general forage for the rats. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) were determined by an automatic blood glucose device. Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was applied to determine the serum levels of insulin. The serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured by thiobarbituric acid assay and nitric oxide (NO) by nitrate reductase assay. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined by xanthinoxidase assay and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) by chemical colorimetry. The shape and structure of islet cells were observed with Hematine-Eosin staining, and the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in islet cells were detected by immunohistochemical assay. The results showed that the serum levels of insulin after treatment with kelp powder increased significantly compared to those in the DM-model group, while the FBG in the medium-high dose treated groups decreased significantly compared to those in the DM-model group (P < 0.05). The levels of MDA and NO in the kelp powder groups were lower than those in the DM-model group, while the activities of SOD and GSH-Px were higher than those in the DM-model group, of which a significant difference existed between the medium-high dose treated groups and the DM-model group (P < 0.05). The shape and structure of islet cells improved with the up-expressing SOD and down-expressing iNOS in the medium-high dose treated groups compared to those in the DM-model group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the medium and high dose treated groups, all above indexes (P > 0.05). It is suggested that kelp might aid recovery of the the islet cell secreting function and reduce the level of FBG by an antioxidant effect.     

超滤制备海带岩藻聚糖的工艺研究

本文以海带为原料,研究应用超滤技术提取岩藻聚糖的工艺技术参数,研究结果表明：冷浸提法可以防止岩藻聚糖的降解;pH低于2.5时80%以上的褐藻酸会被除去;超滤过程中,压力在0.1～0.3MPa范围内随着压力的升高膜通量升高;浸提液经稀释0～2倍下膜通量升高,多糖得率变化不大。研究结论：在4℃下以料液比1：30浸提5h所得浸提液,调pH至2.0以除去褐藻酸,补蒸馏水至3000mL,采用50ku超滤膜组件在0.2MPa下超滤纯化岩藻聚糖,经醇沉冷冻干燥制得高纯度海带岩藻聚糖干品,其得率为2.32%,总糖含量为38.24%,硫酸基团含量达到21.49%。     

海带保健蛋糕的研制

为获得海带保健蛋糕的制作工艺,采用正交试验和单因素试验,对其工艺参数进行了优化。结果表明:将海带丁在pH值为5的200mg/LZnCl2溶液煮沸10min进行护绿处理;加入蛋2kg,白砂糖2kg,蛋糕油0.1kg,面粉2kg和泡打粉0.02kg进行1次调糊,加入经白兰地浸泡过的海带丁0.5kg,进行2次调糊。在入炉温度200℃,底火180℃,面火160℃下,焙烤10～15min,获得即具有海带清香,又具有海带营养价值的物美价廉的食品。     

纸型海藻食品的氨基酸构成和模拟胃肠消化特性的研究

研究纸型紫菜食品和纸型海带食品的氨基酸构成特点及2种海藻食品模拟胃肠消化的特性。分别以紫菜和海带为原料,制作纸型紫菜和纸型海带,通过氨基酸分析、模拟胃消化、模拟肠消化分析纸型海藻食品的营养成分和消化特性。纸型紫菜和纸型海带均含有人体必需的8种氨基酸,2种半必需氨基酸及8种其他氨基酸。纸型紫菜的氨基酸含量为19.62g/100g,纸型紫菜和纸型海带的鲜味氨基酸占氨基酸的总量超过20%。纸型紫菜经5h模拟胃消化的消化率为57%,高于非纸型紫菜消化率(36%),纸型海带经5h模拟胃消化的消化率为18%,高于非纸型海带消化率(13%)。纸型紫菜和纸型海带经5h模拟肠消化的消化率分别为78%和28%,均显著高于非纸型海藻模拟肠消化的消化率。纸型紫菜和纸型海带具有合乎FAO/WHO的氨基酸参考模式,具有优良的胃消化特性和肠消化特性。