湖南下寒武统石煤中的镍钼铂族元素的地球化学特征

从岩石学、矿床学、微量元素地球化学、稳定同位素方面对湖南下寒武统石煤中镍、钼、铂族元素为主的伴生元素的来源和富集成因进行了研究研究认为，含矿岩系中发育的硅岩是一种喷流岩；有海底喷流作用直接堆积的金属硫化物筒状富矿体；矿石中各种胶状结构发育；矿床具两套成矿系统；微量元素Ｓｅ，Ａｓ，Ｂａ高地壳丰度数倍至数万倍；矿层中硫同位素值为－１３００％～－１７６１％等证实了湖南下寒武统石煤中以镍、钼、铂族元素为主的伴生元素，其来源和富集并非陆源搬运沉积，而是与海底喷流作用有关     

一个用于能量攫取系统的间歇式可调降压开关电容直流转换器

Energy harvesting systems stimulate the development of power management for low power consumption applications. Improving the converter efficiency of power management circuits has become a significant issue in energy harvesting system design. This paper presents a variable step-down conversion ratio switched capacitor （SC） DC-DC converter to advance the converter efficiency of charge on the stored capacitor in a wireless monitoring system of orthopedic implants. The converter is designed to work at 1 MHz switching frequency and achieves 15 to 2 V conversion. Measurement results show that the converter efficiency can reach 42% including all circuit power consumption, which is much higher than previous work.     

Cr、Co、Mn磁性对ZnO压敏特性影响的机理研究

研究了不同浓度Cr、Co和Mn的掺杂对ZnO-PbO-B2O3陶瓷压敏特性的影响.实验表明,ZnO平均晶粒尺寸随各元素掺杂量增加而逐渐变大,压敏电压也随之升高,非线性系数随各元素掺杂量增加而先增大后减小,漏电流先减小后增大.分析认为,过渡族金属元素掺杂对ZnO压敏材料电性能的影响不仅与电子的能级有关,与其自旋特性也紧密相连.ZnO中掺杂的Cr、Mn、Co元素随机取代其中的部分Zn原子后,Cr2+、Mn2+、Co2+在ZnO中产生局域磁矩,会对与其取向不同的自旋电子产生强的散射,这样可增大ZnO陶瓷电阻率和提高其非线性特性.     

Engineering an Earth‐Abundant Element‐Based Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Highly Efficient and Durable Overall Water Splitting

The simultaneous and efficient evolution of hydrogen and oxygen with earth‐abundant, highly active, and robust bifunctional electrocatalysts is a significant concern in water splitting. Herein, non‐noble metal‐based Ni–Co–S bifunctional catalysts with tunable stoichiometry and morphology are realized. The engineering of electronic structure and subsequent morphological design synergistically contributes to significantly elevated electrocatalytic performance. Stable overpotentials (η₁₀) of 243 mV (vs reversible hydrogen electrode) for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and 80 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), as well as Tafel slopes of 54.9 mV dec^?1 for OER and 58.5 mV dec^?1 for HER, are demonstrated. In addition, density functional theory calculations are performed to determine the optimal electronic structure via the electron density differences to verify the enhanced OER activity is related to the Co top site on the (110) surface. Moreover, the tandem bifunctional NiCo₂S₄ exhibit a required voltage of 1.58 V (J = 10 mA cm^?2) for simultaneous OER and HER, and no obvious performance decay is observed after 72 h. When integrated with a GaAs solar cell, the resulting photoassisted water splitting electrolyzer shows a certified solar‐to‐hydrogen efficiency of up to 18.01%, further demonstrating the feasibility of engineering protocols and the promising potential of bifunctional NiCo₂S₄ for large‐scale overall water splitting.     

高功率微波在先进陶瓷处理中的应用

介绍了国内外近十年来高功率微波（波长１２２～３ｍｍ）在先进陶瓷（包括结构陶瓷、电子陶瓷、涂层）处理方面应用的最新进展，特别是在微波烧结和微波退火方面。     

Efficient and flexible Focused Ion Beam micromachining of Solid Immersion Lenses in various bulk semiconductor materials – An adaptive calibration algorithm

Focused Ion Beam (FIB) micromachining of Solid Immersion Lenses (SILs) in substrate material offers optical analysis solutions for current and future technologies without the limitations of external SIL systems. This work presents an efficient single iteration calibration algorithm. This algorithm enables the implementation of FIB created SILs using a variety of substrate materials, process chemistries and most importantly different SIL shapes to match sample thicknesses. The successful application on silicon and silicon carbide is presented by creating a 50 μm wide refractive lens segment with a radius of curvature of 60 μm. Laser scanning microscope images of a silicon sample demonstrate the optical benefit with a measured resolution of 274 nm.     

用EWB进行自动控制原理实验的探索

将虚拟电子平台软件EWB用于自动控制原理实验，补充了其它几种实验方法的不足，既实用、灵活又简单直观，使自控原理实验的质和量都得到了很大提高，用EWB模拟的自动控制实验系统、所用的信号源以及各种测试仪器都与现场实物相仿，但功能更强，使用更方便。     

深层发酵灵芝生物工程技术与产品研究

研究了深层发酵灵芝（Ｇａｎｏｄｅｒｍａ　Ｌｕｃｉｄｕｍ）工艺条件;基质中强化锌（Ｚｎ）、硒（Ｓｅ）和测试中试菌种质量指标、最佳发酵条件：温度２８℃±１℃、时间７２ｈ、基质ＷＧ、ｐＨ值（最终）３．８左右、锌（Ｚｎ）、硒（Ｓｅ）。加入量分别为８ｍｇ／Ｌ、４ｍｇ／Ｌ     

空间摆盘机构副元素分离预测

从空间机构学理论出发,抽象出摆盘机构的动力学模型,导出了无间隙时连杆与摆盘铰接处的运动副反力及其方向变化率,以此获得了方向变化率与运动副反力模的比值;根据比值的绝对值变化,给出了空间摆盘机构运动副元素的分离准则,得到了在主轴转角处于特定位置副元素将分离的结论。研究结果为鱼雷摆盘发动机的振动与噪声控制提供参考,并为进一步发展含间隙鱼雷摆盘机构的动力优化综合理论提供了分析方法。     

稀土元素与食物链

七十年代开始,我国实验在农作物上施用稀土微肥,使多种农作物增产,幅度达8%～10%,还可改善某些农产品品质,如西瓜、甜菜等甜度增加。稀土微肥的应用虽对农产品有增产效益,且系低毒性物质,但长期使用是否在食物链中有蓄积作用,人畜食用后是否会引起不良影响?稀土农用协作网从1979年至1994年的十五年间合作开展了稀土元素食品卫生学研究。结果表明,食物中稀土元素的自然本底较低,含量在0.05～2.0mg/kg之间。农作物施用稀土微肥后食品中的残留量有一定增加,增加幅度为0.10～0.15mg/kg。稀土矿区的卫生学调查表明稻米稀土含量比观察点高1.67倍,选矿工人头发中稀土元素含量为非选矿工人的3.8倍;根据1904件食物样品测定,估计了稀土氧化物的摄入量为2.24mg,并制定了植物食品中稀土限量卫生标准。通过中国总膳食研究第一次得到成人和不同年龄组膳食中单一稀土元素镧、铈摄入量,分别为44μg和98μg,镧铈总摄入量为2～7岁53.8μg、8～12岁92.3μg、20～50岁男162.9μg、20～50岁女118.9μg