基于共享近邻和优化关联策略的边界剥离聚类

边界剥离聚类算法(BP)是一种基于密度的聚类算法,它通过逐渐剥离边界点来揭示聚类的潜在核心,已经被证明是一种十分有效的聚类手段.然而, BP算法仍存在一些不足之处:一方面,数据点的局部密度仅考虑了距离特征,使得边界点的确定不够合理;另一方面, BP算法中的关联策略容易误判异常值,并且在分配边界点时容易产生连带错误.为此,本文提出了一种基于共享近邻和优化关联策略的边界剥离聚类算法(SOBP).该算法使用了基于共享近邻的局部密度函数来更好地探索数据点之间的相似性,同时优化了BP算法中的关联策略,使得每次迭代中边界点不再仅与一个非边界点进行关联,并进一步采用了边界点与非边界点、已剥离边界点之间的双重关联准则.在一些数据集上的测试表明,相较于其他6种经典算法,该算法在评估指标上表现更佳.     

用于超外差接收机提供本振源的高功率510 GHz单片集成三倍频器

本文介绍了一种基于砷化镓材料的高功率490~530 GHz单片集成三倍频器。基于提出的对称平衡结构,该三倍频器不仅可以实现良好的振幅和相位平衡,用来实现高效的功率合成,还可以在没有任何旁路电容的情况下提供直流偏置路径以保证高效倍频效率。同时,开展容差性仿真分析二极管关键电气参数与结构参数对倍频性能的影响研究,以便最大化提升倍频性能。最终,在大约80~200 mW的输入功率驱动下,研制的510 GHz三倍频,在490~530 GHz频率范围内,输出功率为4~16 mW,其中峰值倍频效率11%。在522 GHz频点处,该三倍频在218 mW的输入功率驱动下,产生16 mW的最大输出功率。该三倍频器后期将用于1 THz的固态外超外差混频器的本振源。     

关键词最优路径查询的分段拓展算法

关键词最优路径查询（KOR）查找在满足关键词全覆盖和路径长度约束条件下,时间开销最小的路线常用于旅行规划。现有优化算法虽然采用各种剪枝策略缩小搜索规模,但是本质上是广度优先搜索,在查找长路径时,搜索规模依然过大,执行时间长。针对该问题,提出一种关键词最优路径查询的分段拓展算法（SE-KOR）。SE-KOR算法根据关键词倒排索引表构建关键词顶点路径,将路径划分为多段分别拓展,降低搜索规模,从而缩短执行时间。该算法在路径拓展时给出路径走向,而现有剪枝策略不控制路径拓展方向,因此提出局部代价阈值剪枝,控制路径的走向沿关键词顶点路径拓展,并综合运用近似支配、可行解目标值剪枝和全局优先拓展策略加速拓展。实验结果表明,在不损失精度的情况下,该算法执行时间分别在不同关键词个数、代价阈值与查询图规模下至少缩短8.0%、61.0%和57.7%。     

On mesh restrictions to satisfy comparison principles,maximum principles,and the non-negative constraint: Recent developments and new results

This article concerns mesh restrictions that are needed to satisfy several important mathematical properties—maximum principles, comparison principles, and the nonnegative constraint—for a general linear second-order elliptic partial differential equation. We critically review some recent developments in the field of discrete maximum principles, derive new results, and discuss some possible future research directions in this area. In particular, we derive restrictions for a three-node triangular (T3) element and a four-node quadrilateral (Q4) element to satisfy comparison principles, maximum principles, and the nonnegative constraint under the standard single-field Galerkin formulation. Analysis is restricted to uniformly elliptic linear differential operators in divergence form with Dirichlet boundary conditions specified on the entire boundary of the domain. Various versions of maximum principles and comparison principles are discussed in both continuous and discrete settings. In the literature, it is well-known that an acute-angled triangle is sufficient to satisfy the discrete weak maximum principle for pure isotropic diffusion. Herein, we show that this condition can be either too restrictive or not sufficient to satisfy various discrete principles when one considers anisotropic diffusivity, advection velocity field, or linear reaction coefficient. Subsequently, we derive appropriate restrictions on the mesh for simplicial (e.g., T3 element) and nonsimplicial (e.g., Q4 element) elements. Based on these conditions, an iterative algorithm is developed to construct simplicial meshes that preserve discrete maximum principles using existing open source mesh generators. Various numerical examples based on different types of triangulations are presented to show the pros and cons of placing restrictions on a computational mesh. We also quantify local and global mass conservation errors using representative numerical examples and illustrate the performance of metric.     

Targeted Nanoparticle Thermometry: A Method to Measure Local Temperature at the Nanoscale Point Where Water Vapor Nucleation Occurs

An optical nanothermometer technique based on laser trapping, moving and targeted attaching an erbium oxide nanoparticle cluster is developed to measure the local temperature. The authors apply this new nanoscale temperature measuring technique (limited by the size of the nanoparticles) to measure the temperature of vapor nucleation in water. Vapor nucleation is observed after superheating water above the boiling point for degassed and nondegassed water. The average nucleation temperature for water without gas is 560 K but this temperature is lowered by 100 K when gas is introduced into the water. The authors are able to measure the temperature inside the bubble during bubble formation and find that the temperature inside the bubble spikes to over 1000 K because the heat source (optically‐heated nanorods) is no longer connected to liquid water and heat dissipation is greatly reduced.     

A deterministic sequential maximin Latin hypercube design method using successive local enumeration for metamodel-based optimization

Space-filling and projective properties of design of computer experiments methods are desired features for metamodelling. To enable the production of high-quality sequential samples, this article presents a novel deterministic sequential maximin Latin hypercube design (LHD) method using successive local enumeration, notated as sequential-successive local enumeration (S-SLE). First, a mesh-mapping algorithm is proposed to map the positions of existing points into the new hyper-chessboard to ensure the projective property. According to the maximin distance criterion, new sequential samples are generated through successive local enumeration iterations to improve the space-filling uniformity. Through a number of comparative studies, several appealing merits of S-SLE are demonstrated: (1) S-SLE outperforms several existing LHD methods in terms of sequential sampling quality; (2) it is flexible and robust enough to produce high-quality multiple-stage sequential samples; and (3) the proposed method can improve the overall performance of sequential metamodel-based optimization algorithms. Thus, S-SLE is a promising sequential LHD method for metamodel-based optimization.     

基于消费者触觉体验与记忆的地方特色餐具设计研究

目的从消费者触觉体验与记忆视角出发,探究地方特色餐具设计,以此提升地方特色餐具的营销力和品牌竞争力。方法以人脑的触觉识别为研究起点,以记忆的形成过程为研究思路,采取递进的研究方法,构思地方特色餐具设计,以此增强消费者的触觉记忆。结论触觉是一种感官营销战略,消费者对地方特色餐具的触觉体验与记忆,关系到他们对地方特色餐饮的品牌认知和态度,最终将影响地方特色餐饮的发展和品牌传播。     

铝合金厚板搅拌摩擦焊焊缝局部金属的塑性流动特征

以0.02mm厚铜箔为标示材料,采用带三角平面圆锥形搅拌针对20mm厚7075-T6铝板进行焊接。通过测试沿焊缝厚度方向上温度场分布及观察标示材料分布状态,分析焊缝局部金属塑性流动行为特征。结果表明,沿焊缝厚度方向上自上而下的金属温度逐渐降低;焊缝上、下表面温度差约为90℃;同一厚度上相对称的两点,位于前进边金属的温度高于返回边约15℃。位于焊核区上部的铜箔呈细小颗粒状均匀分布;下部铜箔则呈层片状分布,且向前进边偏移。焊核区由多个呈纹路状、有序排列的洋葱环结构相互层叠而成,这与焊缝塑化金属沿轴向迁移方式发生变化有关。     

An adaptive method based on the improved LPA-ICI algorithm for MRI enhancement

Various diseases are diagnosed using medical imaging used for analysing internal anatomical structures. However, medical images are susceptible to noise introduced in both acquisition and transmission processes. We propose an adaptive data-driven image denoising algorithm based on an improvement of the intersection of confidence intervals (ICI), called relative ICI (RICI) algorithm. The 2D mask of the adaptive size and shape is calculated for each image pixel independently, and utilized in the design of the 2D local polynomial approximation (LPA) filters. Denoising performances, in terms of the PSNR, are compared to the original ICI-based method, as well as to the fixed sized filtering. The proposed adaptive RICI-based denoising outperformed the original ICI-based method by up to 1.32 dB, and the fixed size filtering by up to 6.48 dB. Furthermore, since the denoising of each image pixel is done locally and independently, the method is easy to parallelize.