Taste recognition threshold concentrations of styrene in oil-in-water emulsions and yoghurts

Taste recognition threshold concentrations (TRTC) of styrene were determined in samples of oil-in-water emulsions (30–300 g kg^?1 oil) and yoghurts (1–30 g kg^?1 fat), spiked with styrene. The observed TRTC increased linearly with increasing fat content and ranged from 0–3 to 2–1 mg kg^?1 for the emulsions and from 36 to 171 g kg^?1 for the yoghurts. Styrene equilibrium partition coefficients between emulsions and their respective vapour phases were determined. The concentrations of styrene in the continuous aqueous phase of the emulsions and yoghurts were calculated at the TRTC. The styrene concentrations in the continuous phase had constant values of about 15 g kg^?1 indicating that perception of styrene for oil-in–water emulsions is determined by the aqueous phase of the emulsion. The concentrations of styrene in the vapor phases above the emulsions and yoghurts were also calculated and were found to be constant at the TRTC. This relationship probably resulted from the equilibrium of distribution of styrene between the respective phases. Commercial yoghurt packed in polystyrene beakers contained styrene levels in the range 2–11 g kg^?1, much lower then the TRTC reported.     

智能控制在现代包装工业中的发展和应用

叙述了反馈控制、自适应、鲁棒自适应，直到智能控制在包装工业中的进展，并阐述了智能控制在现代包装工业的发展中的应用前景。     

卫星包装箱的随机隔振优化分析

用钢丝绳隔振器将卫星包装箱支承在运输车上,将卫星与车辆简化为二自由度体系,优化分析了在随机路面上行驶时使包装箱响应最小之隔振参数,对实测得到的钢丝绳减振器的非线性迟滞性能作了描述,提出了统计线性化分析的方法。     

气垫性能及平板玻璃缓冲包装

对我国发明的缓冲包装气垫进行静态试验,测其载荷-变形曲线,表明它属于正切型;对气垫作为内衬的PZOV型平板玻璃包装件进行冲击和振动试验,证明具有优良的防震缓冲性能,适于平板玻璃的运输包装。     

饮料包装的计算机控制和管理

着重介绍计算机技术在饮料包装方面应用的发展情况,灌装生产流水线的计算机控制和管理,自动装卸搬运系统和计算机仓库管理系统等。     

第三方物流企业信息化问题研究

探讨了物流信息化的基本概念及其主要内容，并就其对第三方物流企业的作用进行了阐述。最后以安泰物流信息化建设为案例讲述了具体的第三方物流企业信息化建设。     

Effect of irradiation and packaging type on sensory quality of chill-stored turkey breast fillets

A panel of experienced assessors was used to test the effect of irradiation at 2.5kGy (250krad) on the sensory quality of 1-day and 21-day-old turkey breast fillets stored at 1°C in either oxygen-permeable polythene or an oxygen-impermeable barrier film. In the application of Free Choice Profiling and Generalized Procrustes Analysis, assessors used their own terms to describe the appearance, odour and flavour of the samples.
The irradiated samples showed negligible growth of micro-organisms across 21 days of storage. Radiation treatment resulted in an intense pink colour in the raw and cooked samples, which was maintained during storage in oxygen-impermeable film, but decreased in samples exposed to oxygen during storage. Radiation also produced a set of unpleasant raw odour notes variously described as sour, rancid, mature, bad meat or putrid in the samples stored in oxygen-impermeable film. These notes were unlike the sulphurous notes previously associated with protein denaturation in irradiated chicken and were apparently distinct from the odour notes that developed in corresponding non-irradiated samples.     

Modified Atmosphere Packaging Affects Ascorbic Acid, Enzyme Activity and Market Quality of Broccoli

Reduced ascorbic acid (RAA) content, total chlorophyll and green color retention, enzyme activities and texture changes were followed in broccoli spears packaged in polymeric film and nonpackaged during 96 hr storage (10°C). Concentrations within packages monitored by gas chromatography were (CO₂,) 8% and (0²) 10%. RAA retention, moisture content, total chlorophyll and color retention were greater in packaged broccoli. No differences were found between packaged and nonpackaged broccoli for ascorbate oxidase and peroxidase activities, or texture.     

Storage Changes of Fresh and Pasteurized Blue Crab Meat in Different Types of Packaging

We investigated pasteurization and storage of blue crabmeat in steel cans, aluminum cans, plastic cans, nonbarrier pouches, and barrier pouches. Fresh meat was packed in copolymer polyethylene/polypro-pylene cups, Saran® over-wrapped or vacuum skin packaged polystyrene trays, and nonbarrier pouches. Meat pasteurized in plastic and aluminum cans had better sensory and microbiological quality and longer shelf life than meat packed in steel cans. Oxygen-barrier pouches had the lowest quality and shortest shelf life. Nonbarrier pouches had product with quality similar to meat in steel cans, but with an extended shelf life. No packaging materials improved the microbiological shelf life of freshly cooked meat. Vacuum skin packaging resulted in improved sensory qualities of freshly cooked and picked meat.     

消费文化影响下的体验型商业空间环境的营造

在消费社会的背景下,消费文化观念获得重要突破——"消费是一种体验",消费文化催生了现代商业空间环境的体验功能。本文归纳了在消费文化影响下体验型商业空间环境的特质,以案例为基础讨论了各类体验型商业空间环境的特点,并在设计理念的层面上对情境体验空间、主题体验空间、超现实体验空间的营造思路做出了探索。