Suppression of the α → β-nickel hydroxide transformation in concentrated alkali: Role of dissolved cations

The presence of dissolved cations such as Al and Zn in alkaline electrolyte (6 M KOH) suppresses the -nickel hydroxide transformation. The uptake of Al (10 mol%) and Zn (30 mol%) exhibited by the active material likely stabilizes the -phase. Dissolved Al is deleterious to the performance of the nickel hydroxide electrode, whereas, dissolved Zn enhances the specific discharge capacity of nickel hydroxide by approximately 25% showing that the mode of metal uptake is different in the two cases.     

Reducing the Sintering Temperature for MgO–Al2O3Mixtures by Addition of Cryolite (Na3AlF6)

The preparation of near stoichiometric spinel and alumina-rich spinel composites from Al₂O₃and MgO powders with the addition of Na₃AlF₆up to 4 wt% in the temperature range 700°–1600°C was studied; 98 wt% spinel containing 72 wt% Al₂O₃can be produced from the mixture of 72 wt% (50 at.%) Al₂O₃+ 28 wt% (50 at.%) MgO powders with the addition of 1 wt% Na₃AlF₆fired at 1300°C for 1 h. Spinels containing 81–85 wt% Al₂O₃can be produced from either the mixture of 90 wt% (78 at.%) Al₂O₃+ 10 wt% (22 at.%) MgO or the mixture of 95 wt% (88 at.%) Al₂O₃+ 5 wt% (12 at.%) MgO powders with the addition of 4 wt% Na₃AlF₆in the temperature range 1300°–1600°C by using a torch-flame firing for 3 min, followed by quenching in water, while the same system under slow cooling in a furnace results in spinel containing 74–76 wt% Al₂O₃. Microscopic studies indicate that the alumina-rich spinel composites consist of a continuous majority spinel phase and an isolated minority corundum phase, regardless of slow cooling in a furnace or quenching in water.     

AZ80镁合金管材热挤压工艺及组织性能研究

选用不同的工艺参数对变形镁合金AZ80进行管材热挤压工艺实验研究;对挤压前后材料组织与力学性能的变化进行分析。研究结果表明：热挤压可以显著细化AZ80镁合金的晶粒,而且随着挤压比的增加,晶粒变得更加细小;增大挤压比也可以提高AZ80镁合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度。挤压比为18.2,坯料温度为390℃,模具预热温度360℃,凹模的半模角为60°～70°,可得到均匀的合金组织和良好的力学性能.     

AM60镁合金方向盘骨架压铸充型过程数值模拟

利用仿真软件FLOW-3D,对镁合金汽车方向盘骨架进行模拟.使用正交实验分析方法确定了压射速度、模具温度、浇注温度改变时压铸件产生缺陷百分比的变化.进行多组正交试验后,在优化的工艺参数下,观察液态镁合金充型及凝固过程中流场和温度场的分布情况,预测缺陷出现的部位,以寻求最佳的工艺参数,从而使铸造工艺和模具的设计得到了优化.模拟结果表明：最优的压射速度应为2.34m/s,模具初温为220℃,浇注温度为700℃,能达到最佳充型效果.     

Corner forming of AZ61A magnesium alloy tube within warm hydroforming

The corners with small radii on cross sections are crucial for forming hydroformed components with polygonal sections.In this paper,warm hydroforming experiments of AZ61A magnesium alloy tubes were carried out to study the forming regularity of round corners by using a demonstration part with square sections.Effects of temperature on radius forming,thinning ratio distribution and microstructure were revealed and a component with relative outer corner radius of 3.0 was obtained by warm hydroforming at 240℃.The minimum thickness of the formed square section was located in the transition position between the corner and the straight wall.The thinning ratio of the round corner increased with the increase of forming temperature.Formability of the magnesium tube was improved by raising temperature under the effect of dynamic recrystallization at 240℃.     

Corrosion resistance of cerium conversion film electrodeposited on Mg-Gd-Y-Zr magnesium alloy

The cerium conversion film was applied to improving the corrosion resistance of Mg-Gd-Y-Zr magnesium alloy. The film was electrodeposited on the surface of the Mg-RE alloy in cerium nitrate solution. The compositions and morphologies were analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning election microscopy (SEM). The corrosion behaviors of the film were investigated electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization tests and immersion tests. The results show that the optimum parameters for electrochemical deposition are as follows: pH 10.0, time 30 min, 50 mmol/L Na₂CO₃ and temperature 25 °C by the designed experiments according to the orthogonal table L(9, 3⁴). The corrosion protection efficiency is dependent on the deposition parameters. The cerium conversion film shows better corrosion protection behavior than chromate conversion film on Mg-Gd-Y-Zr magnesium alloy. Foundation item: Project (5133001E) supported by the Major State Basic Research and Development Program of China     

复合掺杂Nd（III）和Zn（II）非晶态Ni（OH）2电极活性材料的制备及其表征

以NiSO4、ZnSO4和Nd（NO3）3为原料,采用共沉淀快速冷冻法制备出了复合掺杂稀土Nd（III）和Zn（II）的非晶态氢氧化镍粉体材料。测试发现：样品材料微结构无序性强,结晶水含量较高。将样品材料制备成镍电极并组装成MH—Ni电池,在80mA／g恒电流充电5．5h、40mA／g恒电流放电、终止电压为1．0V的充放电制度下,复合掺杂6％Nd（III）和6％Zn（II）样品材料电池的放电平台为1．2624V,放电比容量为343．12mAh／g,远高于目前应用的B-Ni（OH）2电极活性材料的放电比容量。     

镁合金AM60的钨极氩弧焊

探讨了钨极氩孤焊焊接工艺对镁合金AM60接头性能的影响,分析讨论焊缝成形特点、接头组织特征及力学性能．X射线无损探伤分析表明,AM60镁合金TIG焊的焊缝在焊接电流为130A～160A时成形良好,无焊接缺陷;光学金相、SEM分析表明,AM60镁合金TIG焊接头各区域组织都由白色α-Mg相、黑色β相（Mg17Al12）和灰色（β＋Mg17Al12）共晶体组成,AM60断口形貌有明显的韧窝,属于韧断;AM60镁合金TIG焊接头力学性能在150A～160A时综合性能最好,采用不同材料作为填充金属时,与母材成分接近的接头力学性能较好．     

菱镁防火板改性的实验研究

研究了菱镁制品防止返卤泛霜的工艺和结构改性问题,采用正交试验优化菱镁水泥配比,同时加入微硅粉和粉煤灰及乳白胶等构成的复合改性剂,通过实验找出复合改性剂的最佳配方.复合改性剂中的高分子聚合物包覆在晶体外壁形成良好的防水保护层,提高了耐水性;扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察微观结构表明,改性剂中的硅酸根在晶体间的空隙中自行交联一方面堵塞毛细孔道,抑制氯离子渗出而返卤泛霜,另一方面又能与Mg2+形成抗水性较强的胶凝结晶化合物,使菱镁制品返卤泛霜的现象得到了明显的抑制,同时也增加了制品强度和减小了翘曲变形性.     

La_(1.8)Ca_(0.2)Mg_(14)Ni_3合金在甲苯溶液中球磨改性后的储氢性能

采用在甲苯介质中球磨以改善La1.8Ca0.2Mg14Ni3的储氢性能。随着球磨时间的增加,合金的吸放氢性能得到显著地提高,在20 h达到最高。其在513 K,4.0 MPa氢压下初次活化时,吸氢质量分数达到了3.95%,在3次活化后,300 K时的吸氢质量分数达到3.85%,在613 K,一个大气压的放氢质量分数在900 s内达到了4.92%。通过XRD和SEM分析,球磨后合金颗粒粒径明显减小且有非晶化趋势。在球磨过程中形成了电子络合体(electrondonor-acceptor,EDA)体系。合金颗粒粒径、非晶化程度和EDA共同作用使球磨20 h的合金表现出最优异的吸放氢性能。