Experimental study on separation of valuable refractory aggregate from investment casting ceramic shell waste

In the present study, a processing technique for recycling investment casting ceramic shel waste was proposed to separate valuable refractory aggregate zircon sand. The microstructure and phase constituents of the shel waste and separation process were investigated. The results show that the characteristics of microstructure and phase constituents of the shel waste can meet the conditions for preferentialy separating zircon sand, and zircon sand can be separated by gravity separation on a shaking table. The separated zircon sand has good shape and high purity, and can be used for the production of castings and other applications.     

轨道车辆不锈钢气体保护拉弧螺柱焊

介绍电弧螺柱焊焊接方法的分类及焊接工艺原理,阐述气体保护拉弧螺柱焊在轨道车辆不锈钢材料上的应用。采用BMK-12W电弧式螺柱焊机进行工艺试验,焊后根据相关标准进行外观检验、弯曲试验和宏观检验。结果表明,气体保护拉弧螺柱焊技术在轨道车辆不锈钢材料的应用良好,能够获得优质的焊接接头。     

磁脉冲胀形管件材料本构参数识别方法

磁脉冲自由胀形后的管件沿轴向材料分布不均匀,且由于其特殊的几何形状无法通过单向拉伸试验获取其材料参数。为获取磁脉冲胀形管的材料参数,提出了一种基于显微压痕试验的磁脉冲自由胀形管件材料参数的获取方法,整个材料参数获取过程包括显微压痕试验、显微压痕试验有限元模型的建立及验证和基于多岛遗传算法(MIGA)的计算反求3部分。通过显微压痕试验获取胀形管轴向不同位置点处的载荷-侵入量曲线,然后通过改变显微压痕有限元模型中的材料参数使仿真得到的载荷-侵入量曲线不断逼近试验的载荷-侵入量曲线,当两曲线在最小二乘意义上达到误差最小时,由仿真得到的材料参数即被认为是真实的材料参数。最后,将反求得到的不同位置点的材料参数整体代入到磁脉冲自由胀形管轴向压溃仿真中,通过比较轴向压溃仿真与轴向压溃试验的变形模式以及力-位移曲线、峰值力、平均力、总吸能等参数来验证参数的准确性。     

Accumulation and Toxicity of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Cells and Experimental Animals

The uptake and distribution of negatively charged superparamagnetic iron oxide (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles (SPIONs) in mouse embryonic fibroblasts NIH3T3, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal influenced by SPIONs injected into experimental animals, were visualized and investigated. Cellular uptake and distribution of the SPIONs in NIH3T3 after staining with Prussian Blue were investigated by a bright-field microscope equipped with digital color camera. SPIONs were localized in vesicles, mostly placed near the nucleus. Toxicity of SPION nanoparticles tested with cell viability assay (XTT) was estimated. The viability of NIH3T3 cells remains approximately 95% within 3–24 h of incubation, and only a slight decrease of viability was observed after 48 h of incubation. MRI studies on Wistar rats using a clinical 1.5 T MRI scanner were showing that SPIONs give a negative contrast in the MRI. The dynamic MRI measurements of the SPION clearance from the injection site shows that SPIONs slowly disappear from injection sites and only a low concentration of nanoparticles was completely eliminated within three weeks. No functionalized SPIONs accumulate in cells by endocytic mechanism, none accumulate in the nucleus, and none are toxic at a desirable concentration. Therefore, they could be used as a dual imaging agent: as contrast agents for MRI and for traditional optical biopsy by using Prussian Blue staining.     

20钢焊接缺陷磁记忆信号分析

对含有焊接缺陷的试块进行磁记忆检测,研究了金属磁记忆检测技术对裂纹、气孔、未焊透、未熔合、夹渣缺陷的检出能力,对裂纹、气孔、未焊透、未熔合、夹渣区域的磁场强度梯度平均值H_ave、最大值H_max、磁场强度梯度曲线围成的面积S(H)、磁场强度梯度平均值K_ave、最大值K_max、磁场强度梯度曲线围成的面积S(K)进行计算,并与无缺陷区域的参数进行对比分析.结果表明,焊缝中裂纹、气孔、未焊透、未熔合、夹渣区域的K_ave,K_max,S(K)明显区别于无缺陷区域,可以准确判定焊接缺陷位置;焊接缺陷和焊接残余应力虽然都会导致磁记忆信号的变化,但是二者具有本质不同.     

质子酸处理二维碳化钛/碳纳米管复合材料的电磁屏蔽性能与机械性能

通过质子酸胶体处理,实现了碳化钛Ti₃C₂T_x的制备。此外,使用单壁碳纳米管(SWCNT)作为增强成分,提升了质子酸处理碳化钛(H-MXene)的机械性能——不仅保持了电磁屏蔽性能,而且将拉伸性能提升了近400%。结果表明,H-MXene和碳纳米管具有作为高机械性能电磁(EMI)屏蔽复合材料的潜力。     

稳恒磁场对超音速等离子喷涂NiCrBSi涂层组织和性能的影响（英文）

在稳恒磁场作用下,在45钢上喷涂了NiCrBSi涂层,并研究了NiCrBSi涂层的组织、力学性能和摩擦磨损性能。在稳恒磁场条件下,涂层的孔隙率显著降低,没有形成新物相,但γ-Ni、FeNi₃、Ni₃Si₂相中出现了择优取向。此外,涂层内的磁畴变得更为活跃,更容易随着外部磁场的细微变化而有序排列。涂层截面显微硬度显著提高,表面残余应力波动明显,涂层的磨损量降低了近13.6%。实验结果表明,稳恒磁场可以有效地改善涂层质量。此外,探讨了稳定磁场下喷涂提高Ni基涂层性能的机理。     

基于双磁介质层复合的超材料低频吸波体研究

本研究将磁性吸波涂层融入至超材料的结构设计中,得到了一种新型低频复合超材料吸波体,吸波体由环形电阻膜、双层磁性吸波涂层和金属背板组成。采用CST仿真软件计算了超材料吸波体的吸收性能,研究了吸波体各个结构参数对吸收性能的影响。仿真结果表明,设计的超材料吸波体厚度为2.5 mm时,在1.9和4 GHz处存在2个吸收峰,在1.59～6.59GHz频率范围内反射损耗低于-8dB,吸收带宽达到5GHz。通过吸波体电磁场分布对吸波机理进行了讨论。结果表明,吸波体低频吸收带宽的增加是由于表面的电阻膜图案改变了超材料吸波体的电场分布和磁场分布,促进了磁介质层的损耗。最后制备了吸波体样品并进行了反射率测试,实物测试结果与仿真结果基本一致,说明设计制备的吸波体具有优异的低频吸波性能,吸波带宽相比磁性吸波涂层大幅提高。     

磁粒研磨去除Al 7075交叉孔棱边毛刺的试验研究

目的探究磁粒研磨法对去除Al7075交叉孔棱边毛刺的影响,提高孔道的研磨质量及毛刺去除效率。方法首先,通过对圆柱型磁极进行轴向、径向开槽,并利用ANSOFT软件对磁极进行磁场模拟,分析三种不同形状的磁极的磁感应强度变化;其次,通过磁粒研磨法对交叉孔孔道内壁进行研磨,去除棱边毛刺;最后,测取交叉孔表面微观形貌、材料去除量、毛刺高度和表面粗糙度。结果研磨加工时间为10 min、磁极转速为1500 r/min的条件下,磁极为径向开槽时,材料去除量高达46 mg,孔道内壁的表面粗糙度由原始1.5μm降至0.5μm,孔道表面研磨效果较为理想,棱边毛刺完全去除;当磁极为非开槽时,材料去除量为40 mg,表面粗糙度下降至0.65μm,棱边毛刺几乎完全去除;磁极为轴向开槽时,表面粗糙度下降至0.8μm左右,材料去除量约为30 mg,剩余毛刺高度约为5μm。结论研磨时间为10 min,磁极转速为1500 r/min,当磁极径向开槽时,相对于轴向开槽磁极和不开槽磁极,磁粒研磨Al7075交叉孔内表面的效果更好,毛刺去除效率更高。