Fishtail magnetization in single crystal Tl2Ba2CuO6

We report extensive magnetization measurements on single crystals of Tl₂Ba₂CuO₆ superconductors. The fishtail magnetization is found to disappear above a characteristic temperature (60 K), which corresponds to a crossover temperature in the temperature dependence of the irreversibility line. Since the low temperature irreversibility field can be modeled by a Josephson coupled layered system, we propose that the fishtail magnetization in the Tl₂Ba₂CuO₆ system is due to dimensional crossover.     

Magnetization transfer with echo planar imaging

The aim of magnetization transfer is to saturate the protons of the macromolecule pool with a radiofrequency (RF) pulse leading to differences in free water pool signal. Magnetization transfer (MT) contrast is difficult to achieve with the echo planar imaging (EPI) technique, although its short acquisition time would be most beneficial. Indeed, the RF saturation pulses can only be applied once before sampling the whole k-space in a single-short sequence. A possible solution to improve the sensitivity of EPI to magnetization transfer consists in applying a train of several saturation RF pulses before image acquisition. The different parameters of a RF pulse train and their influence on the MT rate have been tested to optimize an EPI clinical sequence. Our experimental procedure makes it possible to obtain a MT map in about 1 second. The technique is evaluated by multiple sclerosis lesion characterization. Supported by grants from the French research ministry and Siemens medical France.     

高铁赤泥中铝的赋存状态及铝铁分离技术研究

针对拜耳法高铁赤泥无害化处置与资源化利用难题,研究了高铁赤泥中铝的赋存状态及其对铝铁分离的影响。借助XRD、铁化学物相分析、SEM-EDS等检测手段,主要关注高铁赤泥的化学组成、矿物组成以及铝的赋存状态等工艺矿物学特征。赤泥的主要组成矿物为褐铁矿、赤铁矿和铝针铁矿和钛铁矿。查明赤泥中的铁主要以针铁矿、赤铁矿的形式存在;铝主要以类质同象存在于针铁矿中,形成铝针铁矿,部分以三水铝石的形式存在,铁铝共生关系密切。赋存于针铁矿中的铝采用常规物理分选方法无法实现铝铁分离,利用磁化焙烧和悬浮焙烧预还原-电炉熔炼工艺分别尝试对高铁赤泥进行铝铁分离,磁化焙烧能够实现赤铁矿、针铁矿向磁铁矿的定向转化,但不能有效破坏铁矿物中铝的类质同象结构,无法实现铝和铁的分离,导致磁选铁精矿中TFe品位低、Al2O3含量高;悬浮焙烧预还原-电炉熔炼工艺能有效实现高铁赤泥的铁铝分离与综合利用,当原料TFe品位为46.85%、Al2O3含量为13.31%时,可获得TFe 92.86%的炼钢用生铁,同时所得到的矿渣产品可以作为生产铝酸盐水泥熟料的原料。可见,悬浮焙烧预还原-电炉熔炼工艺可以有效破坏矿石内部铝和铁类质同象的晶格结构,实现了铝铁的高效分离,为高铁赤泥的无害化处置与资源化利用提供了新途径。     

纳米磁性Mn3O4粉末的溶剂热法合成及表征

以MnO2为主要原料,应用溶剂热法合成了纳米磁性Mn3O4粉体.研究和讨论了反应温度、填充度、溶剂种类、降温速率对产物性能的影响,得到溶剂热法制备纳米磁性Mn3O4的最佳条件.产物经XRD表征为单一相Mn3O4,经粒度分析仪及透射电镜(TEM)检测,为四方晶型,平均粒径为55nm.     

一种新的自旋量子效应——电流感应磁化翻转

电流感应的磁化翻转效应是近年来继巨磁阻效应(GMR)和隧道磁阻效应(TMR)之后提出的一种nm尺度下新的自旋相关效应,在无外加磁场的情况下,垂直于铁磁层平面的自旋极化电流就能引起铁磁层的磁化翻转。该效应有望被用于制作新型的电流操纵磁存储器件。报道了该效应的理论和实验的研究进展。     

变压器励磁电流空载电流和磁化电流辨析

阐述了变压器励磁电流、空载电流和磁化电流这三个密切相关的电流瓣物理意义,分析了它们之间的关系和概念上的区别。     

超高密度图案化磁记录介质中偶极作用与热辅助磁化研究

由于记录介质的超顺磁效应,传统的水平磁记录方式已经达到理论极限。为了实现特比(Tb,1Terabit=240bit)级的超高密度存储,各种记录方案正在探索之中,其中图案化介质和热辅助磁记录技术被认为是最有发展潜力的方向,如果将两者结合则记录密度会更高。笔者结合已有的实验数据与前人的理论工作,通过有限差分法求解动力学方程和Monte Carlo随机方法,重点研究了以下几个与图案化介质及热辅助磁化技术有关的问题:(1)针对数值微磁学中矩形网格处理复杂边界时计算精度较低的问题,利用磁体本身的几何对称性和退磁张量的性质,通过在实空间求积分的方法解析地推导了等边三棱柱的退磁张量。根据这一张量表达式,可以得到任意精度的退磁因子,把这一结果应用在微磁学的网格划分当中,可以提高对复杂边界的处理能力。(2)为了能够在数值计算中高效地求出系统中的偶极作用能,解决由于偶极作用长程性带来求和速度收敛缓慢的问题,笔者通过重新定义网格求和方程,并采取分段处理的方法,解决了Lekner求和法中由于对称性降低而导致的奇异性问题,成功地把Lekner求和法从三维周期性边界条件下的库仑作用系统,推广到了二维周期性结构的磁偶极作用系统。应用Lekner求和法,可以高效地处理图案化介质这类规则排列的磁偶极子系统中、偶极作用能的计算问题。(3)为了深入理解偶极作用能对信息位稳定性与信息写入过程的具体影响,为实际设计图案化记录系统时选择合适的图案化介质提供理论指导,笔者通过求解二维系统的动力学方程,研究了有限阵列和周期性边界条件阵列磁性颗粒间偶极作用能对系统静态与动态性质的影响。发现有限阵列的静态磁学性质,诸如剩磁状态、矫顽力等与系统的大小密切相关,而磁化动力学过程则不受系统大小的影响。发现偶极作用能对系统的磁化强度翻转模式有决定性的作用。对于有限阵列来说,在平面各向异性的水平磁化翻转过程中,由偶极作用强度决定了三种翻转模式,即一致转动、成核模式及这两种模式的过渡区域;在垂直各向异性的垂直磁化翻转过程中,由偶极作用强度决定了四种翻转模式,即成核模式、非线性激发、旋卷模式以及成核与旋卷的过渡区域。对于周期性边界条件下的阵列,由磁场脉冲持续时间和偶极作用强度共同决定了中心磁矩翻转类型相图,相图可以分为五种翻转类型,即关联翻转、过冲翻转、下冲翻转、弹道翻转以及未发生翻转区。(4)为了理解偶极作用能对系统热稳定性的影响以及温度不均匀性对热辅助写入过程的具体影响,笔者运用Monte Carlo方法研究了这两个问题。发现偶极作用能的增加,会导致系统闭锁温度的升高,从而提高系统的热稳定性。在高斯分布型的稳定温度场中,发现根据温度场的半高宽,可以把翻转过程分为三类不同的成核模式,即边缘成核而后中心扩展模式、边缘成核而后边缘扩展模式以及两种模式的混合模式,并且翻转弛豫时间的对数与半高宽导数之间成分段的线性关系,其分段点受外场和中心温度的影响。而对于给定半高宽的温度场来说,弛豫时间与温度的关系与经典成核理论描述均匀温度场中弛豫时间与温度的关系相似,只是此时的能量势垒和比例系数都与温度场的半高宽有关。     

Effects of processing variables on the Y2BaCuO5 size and magnetic properties of melt-processed YBa2Cu3Ox

Samples of YBa₂Cu₃O_x (123) with excess Y₂BaCuO₅ (211) in the molar ratio of 5:1 ( 123/211) were processed using the “solid liquid melt growth” (SLMG) technique. The effect of hold time above the peritectic on the magnetic properties was examined. Extended hold times above the peritectic during processing degrade the magnetic properties of SLMG processed 123. In SLMG 123, the very fine (>100 nm) 211 particles produced by this processing route are the primarymagnetic flux pinners. Extended hold periods reduce the number and/or coarsen the average size of these fine precipitates, resulting in a reduced magnetization. These results were compared to undoped Y123 processed by the more traditional melt texture growth (MTG). In MTG processing, extended hold times above the peritectic are found to result in improved magnetic behavior because of increased defect densities.     

Controlling Chiral Spin States of a Triangular‐Lattice Magnet by Cooling in a Magnetic Field

Magnetic materials with a non‐collinear and non‐coplanar arrangement of magnetic moments hosting a nonzero scalar spin‐chirality exhibit unique magnetic and spin‐dependent electronic transport properties. The spin chirality often occurs in materials where competing exchange interactions lead to geometrical frustrations between magnetic moments and to a strong coupling between the crystal lattice and the magnetic structure. These characteristics are particularly strong in Mn‐based antiperovskites where the interactions and chirality can be tuned by substitutional modifications of the crystalline lattice. This study presents evidence for the formation of two unequal chiral spin states in magnetically ordered Mn_3.338Ni_0.651N antiperovskite based on density functional theory calculations and supported by magnetization measurements after cooling in a magnetic field. The existence of two scalar spin‐chiralities of opposite sign and different magnitude is demonstrated by a vertical shift of the magnetic‐field dependent magnetization and Hall effect at low fields and from an asymmetrical magnetoresistivity when the applied magnetic field is oriented parallel or antiparallel to the direction of the cooling field. This opens up the possibility of manipulating the spin chirality for potential use in the emerging field of chiral spintronics.