Experimental studies of the magneto-mechanical memory (MMM) technique using permanently installed magnetic sensor arrays

The magneto-mechanical memory (MMM) method, that is often referred to as the metal magnetic memory method, has been reported to be a non-destructive testing technique capable of quantifying stress concentrations and detecting defects in ferromagnetic materials. The underlying mechanism behind MMM has been explained in the literature, but the sensitivity to stress concentration has not been satisfactorily investigated. In this paper, both the normal and tangential components of the stress-induced MMM signal were measured by permanently installed magnetic sensor arrays on specimens made from three grades of L80 alloy steel and 20 other structural steels; tests were also carried out on a pipe made from the 4140-L80 steel. As expected, the stress history affects the MMM signal, but the experimental results show that significant irreversible change of magnetization always occurs only in the first cycle of loading regardless whether the deformation is purely elastic or partially plastic. If the peak stress level is increased at a given point during cycling, the immediately following next cycle acts as a new “first” cycle at that peak stress level and causes additional significant irreversible change of magnetization, but there is no evidence that plastic deformation might build up a cumulative magnetization. The MMM effect is very small in the steel samples tested, indicating that it will not be useful in field applications. In un-notched specimens the irreversible change in magnetization caused a proportional change in the measured external magnetic field on the order of only 5–10 A/m, while in the case of notched specimens the leakage field was on the order of 30–60 A/m.     

铁镍合金/聚乳酸复合材料的熔融沉积成形制备及其电磁吸收性能和力学性能

在制备铁镍合金(FeNi50)/聚乳酸(PLA)复合线材的基础上,利用熔融沉积成形(FDM)制备出FeNi50/PLA复合材料.采用SEM、振动样品磁强计、矢量网络分析仪和万能试验机研究了FeNi50对复合材料微观形貌、磁性、电磁性能和力学性能的影响,并讨论了其反射损耗.研究发现,复合材料的饱和磁化强度和电磁性能随着F...     

Comparative Study of the Magnetic Properties and Glass-Forming Ability of Fe-Based Bulk Metallic Glass with Minor Mn,Co, Ni,and Cu Additions

Fe_(43)M_5Cr_(15)Mo_(14)C_(15)B_6Y_2 (M=Mn,Co,Ni,and Cu in at.%)bulk metallic glasses(BMGs)are synthesized using the suction casting technique,and the glass-forming ability(GFA),microstructure,and thermal and magnetic properties of these glasses are extensively examined using X-ray diffraction,differential scanning calorimeter,and vibrating sample magnetometer techniques.Among the four BMG alloys,Fe_(43)Ni_5Cr_(15)Mo_(14)C_(15)B_6Y_2 exhibits the lowest coercivity and the highest saturation magnetization,Curie temperature,effective magnetic moment,and GFA.By contrast,Fe_(43)Mn_5Cr_(15)Mo_(14)C_(15)B_6Y_2 presents the poorest magnetic properties,such as the highest coercivity and the lowest saturation magnetization,Curie temperature,and effective magnetic moment.Fe_(43)Cu_5Cr_(15)Mo_(14)C_(15)B_6Y_2 demonstrates the lowest thermal stability and GFA.The observed thermal,structural,and magnetic properties of these BMG alloys are discussed in terms of the kinetics of BMG synthesization and the formation of different ferromagnetic,ferrimagnetic,and antiferromagnetic phases.     

电压互感器磁化曲线试验方法和计算方法研究

阐述了电压互感器实际运行中,磁化曲线对于判断电压互感器的运行状态非常重要,通过对磁化曲线的分析,可以知道电压互感器运行在哪个工作点,从而可以推出电压互感器是否处于最佳运行状态,以及运行中可能出现哪些问题。介绍了两种获得电压互感器的磁化曲线的方法,目的在于通过磁化曲线判断吨压互感器的工作点,对实际运行中电压互感器的状态分析起到积极的意义。     

Magnetization reversal in YIG/GGG(111) nanoheterostructures grown by laser molecular beam epitaxy

Abstract

Thin (4–20 nm) yttrium iron garnet (Y₃Fe₅O₁₂, YIG) layers have been grown on gadolinium gallium garnet (Gd₃Ga₅O₁₂, GGG) 111-oriented substrates by laser molecular beam epitaxy in 700–1000 °C growth temperature range. The layers were found to have atomically flat step-and-terrace surface morphology with step height of 1.8 Å characteristic for YIG(111) surface. As the growth temperature is increased from 700 to 1000 °C the terraces become wider and the growth gradually changes from layer by layer to step-flow regime. Crystal structure studied by electron and X-ray diffraction showed that YIG lattice is co-oriented and laterally pseudomorphic to GGG with small rhombohedral distortion present perpendicular to the surface. Measurements of magnetic moment, magneto-optical polar and longitudinal Kerr effect (MOKE), and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) were used for study of magnetization reversal for different orientations of magnetic field. These methods and ferromagnetic resonance studies have shown that in zero magnetic field magnetization lies in the film plane due to both shape and induced anisotropies. Vectorial MOKE studies have revealed the presence of an in-plane easy magnetization axis. In-plane magnetization reversal was shown to occur through combination of reversible rotation and abrupt irreversible magnetization jump, the latter caused by domain wall nucleation and propagation. The field at which the flip takes place depends on the angle between the applied magnetic field and the easy magnetization axis and can be described by the modified Stoner–Wohlfarth model taking into account magnetic field dependence of the domain wall energy. Magnetization curves of individual tetrahedral and octahedral magnetic Fe³⁺ sublattices were studied by XMCD.     

纳米复合永磁材料中软硬磁性相间交换耦合作用的表征

软硬磁性相间的交换耦合作用对纳米复合永磁材料的性能有重要的影响。介绍了目前几种常用的表征软硬磁性相间交换耦合作用强弱的方法,并相应地给出了一些典型的测量结果。     

磁化对鸡西烟煤成浆性能影响的研究

研究了磁化水、煤对鸡西烟煤水煤浆成浆性能的影响,并分别确定了影响粘度的主次因素和各自的最佳配比条件,结果表明：磁化水配制水煤浆时影响其粘度的主次因素为水质、磁感应强度、磁化时间;磁化水的最佳制浆条件为蒸馏水、磁感应强度547Gs、磁化时间10min。磁化煤对水煤浆各因素的影响主次因素为磁感应强度、水质、磁化时间,最佳的制浆条件为自来水,磁感应强度576Gs,磁化时间30min。并对水煤浆的磁化作用机理进行了初步探讨。     

Influence of Y-doped induced defects on the optical and magnetic properties of ZnO nanorod arrays prepared by low-temperature hydrothermal process

ABSTRACT: One-dimensional pure zinc oxide (ZnO) and Y-doped ZnO nanorod arrays have been successfully fabricated on the silicon substrate for comparison by a simple hydrothermal process at the low temperature of 90°C. The Y-doped nanorods exhibit the same c-axis-oriented wurtzite hexagonal structure as pure ZnO nanorods. Based on the results of photoluminescence, an enhancement of defect-induced green-yellow visible emission is observed for the Y-doped ZnO nanorods. The decrease of E2(H) mode intensity and increase of E1(LO) mode intensity examined by the Raman spectrum also indicate the increase of defects for the Y-doped ZnO nanorods. As compared to pure ZnO nanorods, Y-doped ZnO nanorods show a remarked increase of saturation magnetization. The combination of visible photoluminescence and ferromagnetism measurement results indicates the increase of oxygen defects due to the Y doping which plays a crucial role in the optical and magnetic performances of the ZnO nanorods.     

磁化曲线的连续可导拟合方法

为了满足磁场储能迭代计算的需要,提出了磁化曲线的连续可导拟合方法。磁化曲线具有高度非线性,难以用一个函数来逼近,根据其特点,提出了线性插值和二次插值相结合的方法,分为三段来拟合。根据曲线连接点处的约束关系,通过求解约束方程获得拟合函数的待定系数,保证了整条曲线的连续可导。由拟合结果给出了磁导率随磁通密度的函数关系及其导函数关系。最后给出了一个具体的拟合算法实例,验证了拟合精度。