抽余C_4烃中异丁烯催化逆流水合制叔丁醇

采用大颗粒离子交换树脂催化剂,在φ100mm×10m的反应器中进行了异丁烯催化逆流水合制叔丁醇的中间试验。考察了反应温度、水油体积比和抽余C4烃的流速等对异丁烯转化率的影响。试验结果表明,异丁烯催化逆流水合制叔丁醇的适宜操作条件为:反应温度80~90℃,水油体积比为4~5,抽余C4烃的流速为0.45~0.55mm/s。在此条件下,异丁烯的转化率可达88.8%。工业装置运转结果表明,异丁烯转化率大于75%。     

初至波走时层析成像中的正则化方法

 波场的等效性、观测数据的有限性和观测误差等因素导致地球物理反演本身具有严重的多解性，降低这种多解性的一种重要途径就是对反演过程进行约束。传统的初至波走时层析成像方法，通常是在外部对模型空间施加显式的约束和平滑处理，这样就会破坏模型参数与传播算子之间的相关性，难以达到有效利用先验信息的目的, 甚至会影响反演的稳定性。针对这一问题，本文将先验信息分为三类，在此基础上阐述了通过正则化手段将各种先验信息纳入到反演方程当中，替代传统的外部约束模式。理论试验结果表明，正则化方法比外部约束方法有效地提高了反演的精度和分辨率；将该正则化方法应用于实际二维资料处理，也得到了比较好的反演结果。     

内热式液态合金离子源

本文介绍了一种实用的液态合金离子源结构，我们利用本结构研制成功了Ａｕ－Ｓｉ和Ａｕ－Ｓｉ－Ｂｅ液态合金离子源，测出了它们的发射特性。     

Macroscopic model for multispecies ion-exchange kinetics

A model for multispecies ion-exchange kinetics based on the Nernst-Planck equation is suggested. It is analyzed in comparison with the “locally-determinate” model described by Hwang and Helfferich [1]. The model makes possible simple computation. The conditions for the occurrence of unusual kinetic curves with a maximum are clarified. The proposed model is developed for different types of kinetic problems and verified by the experimental investigation of a kinetics in ternary systems.     

离子注入硅的线源非相干光瞬时退火温度计算

本文利用高温模型,计算了在我们的实验条件下对离子注入硅进行线源非相干光瞬时退火的退火温度,并与实验结果比较,两者符合得较好。     

从废旧锌锰电池中回收锌和锰的工艺研究

废旧锌锰干电池经过剖开、焙烧处理，去除汞和碳粉，再用硫酸浸取，滤液采用沉淀法分离锌和锰。锌和锰的回收率分别为94．5％和93．6％。     

Na+ and/or Cl− Toxicities Determine Salt Sensitivity in Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek), Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), and Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Grain legumes are important crops, but they are salt sensitive. This research dissected the responses of four (sub)tropical grain legumes to ionic components (Na⁺ and/or Cl⁻) of salt stress. Soybean, mungbean, cowpea, and common bean were subjected to NaCl, Na⁺ salts (without Cl⁻), Cl⁻ salts (without Na⁺), and a “high cation” negative control for 57 days. Growth, leaf gas exchange, and tissue ion concentrations were assessed at different growing stages. For soybean, NaCl and Na⁺ salts impaired seed dry mass (30% of control), more so than Cl⁻ salts (60% of control). All treatments impaired mungbean growth, with NaCl and Cl⁻ salt treatments affecting seed dry mass the most (2% of control). For cowpea, NaCl had the greatest adverse impact on seed dry mass (20% of control), while Na⁺ salts and Cl⁻ salts had similar intermediate effects (~45% of control). For common bean, NaCl had the greatest adverse effect on seed dry mass (4% of control), while Na⁺ salts and Cl⁻ salts impaired seed dry mass to a lesser extent (~45% of control). NaCl and Na⁺ salts (without Cl⁻) affected the photosynthesis (P_n) of soybean more than Cl⁻ salts (without Na⁺) (50% of control), while the reverse was true for mungbean. Na⁺ salts (without Cl⁻), Cl⁻ salts (without Na⁺), and NaCl had similar adverse effects on P_n of cowpea and common bean (~70% of control). In conclusion, salt sensitivity is predominantly determined by Na⁺ toxicity in soybean, Cl⁻ toxicity in mungbean, and both Na⁺ and Cl⁻ toxicity in cowpea and common bean.     

阳极溶解促进位错发射和运动的TEM原位观察

用自制的恒位移加载台在ＴＥＭ中原位观察了３１０不锈钢在水中阳极溶解前后加载裂尖前方位错形貌的变化．在排除室温蠕变影响后发现，阳极溶解能明显促进位错发射、增殖和运动．３１０不锈钢薄膜试样在室温水中能产生应力腐蚀．     

提高醇基镁砂粉涂料性能的研究

通过正文试验确定了高锰钢铸件使用的醇基镁砂粉涂料基本配比；并对其可点燃性、高温烧结性能进行了改进。生产试验在明：新涂料的各种性能指标显著提高，铸件表面质王明显改善。     

PREPARATION OF TiN FILMS BY N_2 ASSISTED Xe~+ ION BEAM ENHANCED DEPOSITION AND THEIR MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

A new method for preparation of hard TiN films has been developed by using electronbeam evaporation-deposition of Ti and bombardment with 40 keV Xe~+ ion beam ina N_2 gas environment.The synthesized TiN films were superior to PVD and CVDones in respects of improved adhesion to substrate and low preparing temperature.Theyexhibited good wear resistance and high hardness up to 2200 kg/mm~2.Some industrialapplications have been reported.