煤气化装置烧结金属滤芯清洗再生技术

探讨了煤气化装置烧结金属滤芯的再生方法,采用空气吹扫、初步水冲洗、超声波清洗等步骤可使滤芯再生,对再生后的滤芯进行了透气性检验,结果满意。     

Polymeric organogel as an effective approach for eradication of heavy metal ions As,Pb, Cd,and Cr from the surface of groundwater through adsorption stratagem

Excess metal pollutant has affected and caused serious havoc in the lives of terrestrial as well as aquatic beings. The core of this work revolves around eradicating highly toxic heavy metal ions from underground water systems using a cost-effective, high removal efficiency polymeric adsorbent capable of adsorbing and removing ionic metals whose backbone is composed of a bio-degradable polymer, polyvinyl alcohol. The obtained adsorbent was characterized using FT-IR, HNMR, and P-XRD. Morphological studies were carried out using SEM. Detection and adsorption of metal ions were performed using SEM–EDX and AAS; wherein the adsorbent was found to remove nearly 80% of arsenic ions, 70.5% and 70.7% for lead and chromium ions while 60.7% for cadmium ions, respectively. Further, the kinetics of adsorption along with intraparticle diffusion studies were also performed to determine the mechanism alongside observing the isothermal influence of the sorbent. The adsorption capacity was seen to be highest in arsenic at around 570.42 mg g⁻¹ thus acting as a potential and effective adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions from groundwater.     

Effect of conductive layer on the performance of gel electrolyte-based supercapacitors

Solid-state electrolytes such a further novel finding is going to have great importance because of the disadvantages of liquid electrolytes such as electrochemical instability, low ion selectivity, and interface contact. It is anticipated that the use of solid-state electrolytes including supercapacitors (SCs) will become widespread with decreasing self-leakage and environmental damage more than liquid electrolytes. In this study, SCs with graphene/PEDOT: PSS coated electrodes and binary PVA gel electrolytes with a conductive layer were designed and the electrochemical performance of the configurations was characterized. The effects of the conductive layer between binary electrolytes and the concentration of the KOH solution in the electrolytes were studied. It was observed that the conductive layer used between the gel electrolytes causes additional charging at the electrolyte/conductive layer interface and behaves like a serially connected capacitor to the double-layer capacitor. Interestingly, at a slow sweep rate (5 mV/s), the specific capacitance values of the assembled SCs decreased when a conductive layer was used but it increased when the sweep rate was fast (100 mV/s).     

Self-assembly of thiourea intercalated graphene oxide based dual IIP for the SPE coupled FAAS method development of Cu(II) and Pb(II) determination

A new dual-template surface imprinted polymer for Cu(II) and Pb(II) was synthesized in one pot. Magnetic graphene oxide was self-assembled with low cost and environmentally benign thiourea. Presence of sulfur and nitrogen donor atoms provide hooks for coordination and partial reduction of graphene oxide matrix. It was used as an solid-phase extraction adsorbent for extraction, preconcentration, and coupled with flame atomic absorption spectrometry to manifest performance comparable with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICPAES) both in terms of quantification limit as well as interference. The critical experimental parameters such as pH; 4.6, contact time of 15 min and initial concentration of 777 (Q_e; 227 mg g⁻¹) and 800 μg L⁻¹ (Q_e; 273 mg g⁻¹) for Cu(II) and Pb(II), respectively, were optimized using RSM-CCD and artificial neural network. The adsorption process was kinetically faster (50% adsorption in 5 min), following fractal-like-pseudo-second-order (FLPSO) kinetics and Brouers–Sotolongo isotherm model owing to the heterogenous energy landscape. The imprinting factors were in the range of 4–7 in the presence of all coexisting ions. The proposed method was robust in the determination and removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) from food, ground water, and industry effluents with low limit of detection (Cu(II); 1.03 μg L⁻¹ & Pb(II); 1.79 μgL⁻¹). Spiking and recovery tests were used to assess the method's accuracy. Cu(II)/Pb(II) loaded dual template IIP (DIIP) was utilized to remove anionic dyes with >95% efficiency. Thorough examination of the method and material selectivity (in binary, ternary, and multielement system), multi fold applications of determination, removal of Cu(II), Pb(II), and removal of anionic dyes makes DIIP a promising candidate for environmental remediation.     

An all-green cellulose acetate/corn cob composite membrane filter: A critical evaluation of its morphology and adsorption characteristics for dyes and heavy metals

Industrial wastewater from various manufacturing sectors poses a significant environmental concern due to the release of dyes, heavy metals, and pollutants into natural water streams. Effective treatment of large volumes of industrial wastewater is crucial to mitigate this issue. Conventional industrial wastewater filtration systems often prove to be inefficient, necessitating the exploration of alternative and cost-effective water filtration methods. In this study, we drew inspiration from the natural adsorption and purification properties of corncob to develop a novel green composite membrane filter. The composite membrane filters, named MCAPCB and MCATPCB, were formulated by incorporating powdered corncob (PCB) and alkali/hydrogen peroxide-treated powdered corncob (TPCB) into cellulose acetate. The adsorption properties of the composite filters were evaluated using UV–Vis spectrophotometry for dye adsorption and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) for heavy metal adsorption. The results demonstrated that MCATPCB20, incorporating 20 wt% TPCB, exhibited remarkable performance in the removal of methylene blue dye, with an adsorption efficiency of 97.46%. In comparison, MCAPCB20, incorporating 20 wt% PCB, achieved a dye adsorption efficiency of 80.15%. Moreover, MCATPCB20 displayed exceptional heavy metal removal capabilities, effectively rejecting 98% and 95% of cadmium and lead, respectively, from water samples containing 1 ppm of each metal. The composite filter membranes containing 20 wt% TPCB exhibited superior adsorption efficiency, flexibility, and stability. This enhanced performance can be attributed to the higher carboxyl content in TPCB, achieved through alkali treatment, which significantly increased the adsorption capacity of MCATPCB20. Characterization studies employing XRD, SEM, contact angle, BET, ICP-OES, and UV measurements further supported the efficacy of MCATPCB as an effective filter system for water purification.     

金属阳离子和硫酸铵对除草剂药效的影响

除草剂的药效受到多种因素的影响,其中作为溶剂水的质量就是一要素,如硬水中钙、镁等金属阳离子,而含有锰、锌等金属阳离子的叶肥也会有影响,它们会对一些除草剂的防效有一定的减弱作用。硫酸铵是传统化肥,它可以增加一些除草剂的防除效果,而且可以减弱金属阳离子和锰、锌叶肥对除草剂除草活性的拮抗作用。     

3种典型絮凝剂处理电镀废水的效果

分别以聚丙烯酰胺、聚合氯化铝、聚合硫酸铁为絮凝剂处理电镀废水。先研究了pH和絮凝剂投加量对不含重金属离子的模拟废水COD去除效果的影响,并对废水处理工艺流程进行选择。随后比较了不同絮凝剂单独和组合使用处理含重金属离子模拟电镀废水的效果。最后研究了不同工艺流程对实际电镀废水处理效果的影响。结果表明,采用PAC和PAM组合絮凝剂处理废水时的效果最好。采用两步絮凝法处理COD较高的实际电镀废水能有效去除COD和重金属。     

选择测定Co~(2+)的荧光探针化合物合成及性质研究(英文)

以邻苯二胺和水杨醛为原料合成了2-(5-((3-(1H-苯并[d]咪唑-2基)-4-羟基苯基)甲叉基)-4-氧-2-硫代噻唑-3-基)乙酸。其结构通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和质谱进行了表征,并进行了紫外和荧光性质测定。通过测定甲醇溶液中15种金属离子对该化合物荧光性质的影响,发现钴离子对该化合物的荧光有优于其他金属离子的淬灭效果。表明该化合物对钴离子有较好的选择性,可作为钴离子的淬灭型荧光传感器做进一步的研究。     

Fabrication of Poly（y-glutamic acid）-coated Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles and Their Application in Heavy Metal Removal

In this study, poly（y-glutamic acid）-coated Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles （y-PGA/Fe304 MNPs） were successfully fabricated using the co-precipitation method. Fe3O4 MNPs were also prepared for comparison. The av erage size and specific surface area results reveal that 7-PGA/Fe304 MNPs （52.4 nm, 88.41 m2.g-1） have smaller particle size and larger specific surface area_ than Fe3O4 MNPs （62.0 nm, 76.83 mLg-1）. The y-PGA/Fe3O4 MNPs     

含氮化合物废气选择性催化氧化技术研究进展

通过对当前含氮化合物废气治理技术的对比分析,总结选择性催化氧化的相关技术优势。根据对含氮化合物的种类及来源分析,介绍氨气、腈类、胺类及其他含氮化合物的催化净化技术。重点总结催化剂的种类、研发进展和在实际使用中可能遇到的问题,同时展望含氮化合物废气选择性催化氧化技术的研发方向。