提高润滑油基础油氧化安定性的组合工艺

以生产润滑油基础油的老三套工艺为基础，开发了改善油品氧化安定性的组合工艺。该工艺的主要特点是包括一步络合脱氮过程。实验证明，该组合工艺既可以有效地提高基础油的氧化安定性，又能降低溶剂精制深度，提高基础油收率。     

Pyrene oxidation as a model reaction for characterizing the mechanism of coke oxidation on Y zeolites

The same effect of temperature on the production of CO, CO₂ and H₂O was found during oxidative treatment of HY zeolites either impregnated with pyrene or coked. Therefore, pyrene oxidation can be used to specify the mechanism of coke oxidation. Three types of reactions can be distinguished: (a) condensation of polyaromatic molecules, (b) oxidation of polyaromatics into aldehydes, ketones, acids and anhydrides and (c) decarbonylation or decarboxylation of oxygenated compounds, all these reactions involving protonic sites.     

碳钢与不锈钢表面高浓度渗铬法

在氩气气氛下，应用固体渗铬填料法对碳钢、不锈钢作了表面高铬浓度的渗铬处理，探讨了渗铬温度、时间和渗铬组分对渗层表面铬含量、厚度，试样增重和物相组分影响，碳钢、不锈钢的表面渗铬浓度分别达８０－９４ｗｔ％和７０－８２ｗｔ％。     

Kinetics of phenol oxidation in a trickle bed reactor over active carbon catalyst

The wet air oxidation of phenol over a commercial active carbon catalyst was studied in a trickle bed reactor (TBR) in the temperature and oxygen partial pressure ranges of 120–160 °C and 0.1–0.2 MPa, respectively. The performance of the active carbon was compared in terms of phenol and COD destruction. The weight change of active carbon due to reaction was also measured. Finally, oxic phenol adsorption isotherms were assessed in batch conditions at 25, 125 and 160 °C. In order to use the conversion data obtained from the TBR for a kinetic study, special care was taken to check the kinetic control in the TBR experiments. Several kinetic models including power law or Langmuir–Hinshelwood expressions were considered to describe the catalytic oxidation of phenol over active carbon. The simple power law model with first order dependence on both phenol and oxygen concentration predicted satisfactorily the experimental data not only over the entire range of operating conditions studied, but also outside its validity range. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

95W-Ni-Fe 合金工艺缺陷的 SAM 和 XPS 分析

藉助扫描俄歇探针、Ｘ射线光电子谱等分析了９５Ｗ－Ｎｉ－Ｆｅ合金碳污染和氧化的本质。发现，碳污染试样中碳的化学状态主要为石墨，少量为铁或镍的有机化合物，这些物质的界面富集使材料脆化。钨合金氧化后，氧大量富集于钨／粘结相界面，使沿着该界面的断裂更容易发生。     

Preparation and characterization of oxygen deficient perovskites,BaBiO3−x

Oxygen nonstoichiometry in the distorted perovskite BaBiO₃ has been studied by thermogravimetric analysis using controlled oxygen pressures. Three distinct regions of nonstoichiometry are observed with composition ranges which narrow as the temperature is lowered. Samples isolated from each region were shown by powder X-ray diffraction to retain the perovskite subcell but show different types of framework distortion. Low temperature reoxidation of the oxygen deficient phases is also described.     

乙烯直接氧化合成乙酸

用常规固定床反应器考察了Pd-SiW12/SiO2催化剂还原条件对乙烯直接氧化合成乙酸催化性能的影响。催化剂用H2在200－300℃还原后Pd 的分散度较高，其催化活性远高于肼在液相中还原的催化剂，在乙烯气相氧化合成乙酸反应的原料气中，适量1，2－二氯乙烷的存在有助于提高乙酸的选择性和时空产率，初步考察了Pd-Se-SiW12/SiO2催化剂连续206h运转的稳定性，结果表明，催化剂中Pd晶粒的长大和硅钨酸的流失是造成催化剂失活的主要原因。     

甲醇氧化制甲醛铁钼催化剂的研究

采用共沉淀法制备甲醇氧化制甲醛无载体铁钼催化剂,并考察了催化剂制备老化条件、焙烧温度、外型尺寸以及活性测试反应温度、空速对催化剂性能的影响。该催化剂在280~300℃、气空速7000 h-1~8000 h-1、进料φ(甲醇)为5.5%的下,可获≥98%的甲醇转化率,≥92%的甲醛选择性和≥90%的甲醛产率。催化剂活性高,强度好,性能稳定。     

Influence of silicon on the oxidation of titanium between 550 and 700°C

The oxidation behavior of Ti-Si alloys (0.25, 0.5, and 1 Wt. % Si) was investigated between 550 and 700°C; in oxygen by continuous thermogravimetry for a maximum duration of about 500 hr and, in air by daily weighing for durations from a few hundred to several thousand hours. The kinetics results revealed that the presence of silicon leads to a decrease in oxidation rate which is more evident when the temperature is raised and the silicon content is increased. Morphological and structural examinations revealed that silicon modifies the internal architecture of oxide layers when compared with unalloyed titanium; in particular, reduced porosity in the layers is observed. Analysis showed that silicon is uniformly distributed in the oxide layer. However, while part of the silicon is in solid solution in the rutile, some is also precipitated as small crystals ( <1 m at 850°C) of SiO₂, of cristobalite structure. The adherence of oxide layers to the metal substrate was measured after cooling of samples; the addition of silicon has been observed to modify, in a manner dependent on its content, the adherence of oxide layers.     

In-situ generation of platinum nanoparticles on LaCoO3 matrix for soot oxidation

The LaCo_0.94Pt_0.06O₃ catalyst is reduced under 5% H₂/Ar at different temperatures to get Pt/LaCoO₃ with high catalytic activity for soot oxidation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method (BET), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), H₂-temperature programmed reduction (H₂-TPR), O₂-temperature programmed desorption (O₂-TPD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to study the physicochemical properties of the catalyst. SEM and TEM results indicate that Pt nanoparticles (<10 nm) are grown homogeneously on the surface of the LaCoO₃ matrix after in-situ reduction. XRD shows that the reduced catalyst has a high symmetrical structure. TGA results indicate that all reduced catalysts exhibit an excellent activity, especially the catalyst reduced at 350 °C (T₁₀ = 338 °C, T₅₀ = 393 °C, T₉₀ = 427 °C). And perovskite is the primary active component. According to XPS study, the high symmetrical structure benefits the mobility of oxygen vacancy, and Pt nanoparticles induce the oxygen vacancy to move to its adjacent situation, resulting in more adsorbed oxygen on the surface of the reduced catalyst and increasing the activity. The possible reaction principle is also proposed.