Tween-60+Span-80/异戊醇/环己烷微乳液法制备纳米Fe3O4

采用W/O型Tween-60 Span-80/异戊醇/环己烷微乳液作为"微反应器"合成纳米磁性Fe3O4粒子。研究结果表明纳米Fe3O4粒子磁化率均随着反应温度、pH、铁离子的浓度比例ω(=[Fe2 ]/[Fe3 ])的增大先增大后减小;最优的制备条件为反应温度30℃、ω=1.2:2、pH=11。最优条件下制备的纳米Fe3O4粒子AFM图片表明所得纳米Fe3O4为均匀分散的球形微粒,平均粒径为70nm。     

Preparation of narrowly distributed nanoparticles of poly(n‐butyl methacrylate‐co‐vinyl pyrrolidone) through microemulsion polymerization

Narrowly distributed nanoparticles of poly (n‐butyl methacrylate‐co‐vinyl pyrrolidone) were prepared through microemulsion polymerization with a nonionic surfactant of Tween‐80 as emulsifier (6 wt % of the latex) and n‐butanol as coemulsifier. The polymerizations were initiated with benzoylperoxide (BPO), potassium persulfate (KPS), KPS/ferric sulfate (FeSO₄), and BPO/FeSO₄, respectively, where the initiation in the case of BPO/FeSO₄ took place mainly at the interphase between the oil phase and the reaction media. Namely, this interfacial‐initiated microemulsion polymerization resulted in larger particles with relatively narrower particle size distribution as well as higher limiting monomer conversion but lower polymerization rate compared with the polymerization initiated with KPS/FeSO₄. In this article, the influences of initiation method, monomer ratio, and addition of water‐soluble components on microemulsion polymerization and latex particle size were studied to discuss the mechanism of interfacial‐initiated microemulsion polymerization. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 2334–2340, 2004     

Electrochemical behavior of K3Fe（CN）6 in water-in-oil microemulsion

A water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsion composed of Triton X-100, n-hexanol, n-hexane and water solution with hydrochloric acid was prepared. K₃Fe(CN)₆ was added in as a water-soluble electroactive probe, and its electrochemical behavior was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It is found that the H⁺ concentration of the water phase has a great effect on the conductivity of the W/O microemulsion, and hence influences the electrochemical behavior of K₃Fe(CN)₆. When the pH value of water phase is about 7, the electrical conductivity of the W/O microemulsion is only 1.2×10⁻⁶ S/cm, and K₃Fe(CN)₆ almost cannot react at the glassy carbon electrode. But when the H⁺ concentration is more than 3 mol/L, the W/O microemulsion has a good electrical conductivity and K₃Fe(CN)₆ shows good electrochemical performance in it. The results of CV and EIS studies indicate that the electrochemical behavior of Fe(CN)₆ ³⁻/Fe(CN)₆ ⁴⁻ in the W/O microemulsion is different from that in the aqueous solution. This may be due to the unique liquid structure of the W/O microemulsion and the unique mass transfer in the W/O microemulsion. Foundation item: Projects(20673036, J0830415) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Projects(05JT1026, 2007JT2013) supported by the Science Technology Project of Hunan Province, China     

阳离子染料在D5反相微乳体系中的染色性能研究

分析阳离子染料在D5反相微乳体系中染色的可行性,确立阳离子染料在D5反相微乳体系中上染腈纶织物的工艺,并探讨入染前织物带液率、反相微乳液含水量对染色性能的影响。实验结果表明:腈纶织物在温度为60℃、pH值为4.5~5的水中进行预处理后,以一定带液率入染反相微乳体系的方法可行;优化的阳离子染料在D5反相微乳体系中的染色工艺为:染色温度85℃、染色时间20 min、浴比1∶10;研究中还发现入染前织物带液率的高低对织物得色深度有较大影响,随着带液率的增加,染色K/S值先增加后减少;反相微乳体系的含水量对织物的得色深度无明显影响。     

在微乳体系中合成N,N-二乙基苯胺

在常压下向苯胺/十六烷基三甲基溴化铵/正丁醇/水微乳体系中滴加溴乙烷合成N,N-二乙基苯胺。研究了各种因素对目的产物产率的影响,其优化工艺条件为反应温度50℃,反应时间5小时,溴乙烷与苯胺的摩尔比为1.75∶1,氢氧化钠加入量为4.0g。N,N-二乙基苯胺产率可达70.1%。     

W/O型反相微乳法制备纳米材料及其应用

简要介绍了反相微乳液的结构、性质、相行为及微观结构的检测方法；阐述了在W／O型反相微乳液中制备纳米材料的反应原理、制备方法及影响纳米微粒成核、增长的因素；综述了近年来国内外使用该方法制备纳米材料的研究进展。     

微乳型洗车液的研制

对微乳型洗车液的配方和工艺进行了研究，并对乳化剂的选择，乳化温度，乳化时间，搅拌速度进行了探讨，该洗车液洗涤，上光同步完成。     

烷氧基羟丙基三甲基溴化铵/正丁醇/水体系的相行为

绘制了3-十二烷氧基-2-羟丙基三甲基溴化铵(R12TAB)／正丁醇／水三元体系的相图，确定了不同区域的范围。用电导法测定了微乳液区域内由W／O型微乳液经双连续结构到O／W型微乳液的变化过程。用^2HNMR和差示扫描量热法(DSC)并与液晶纹理对照，研究了该体系的液晶结构特点。结果表明，固定R12TAB和正丁醇的比例，随含水量的增加，体系的液晶相结构发生如下变化，从层状液晶→层状与六角状液晶共存→层状、六角状与立方状液晶共存→层状液晶与微乳液共存。     

微乳液萃取分离镍和钻的研究

对曲拉通X-100、正丁醇、正庚烷、水、P204、NaOH微乳液体系进行萃取分离钴和镍的研究。确定了萃取分离钴和镍的最佳工艺条件,在此条件下,钴的萃取率高达87．4％,而钴只有10．87％,镍钴离子浓度的最佳分离范围为1：2．5—1：4,镍和钴的分离效果令人满意。     

Gd2O3：Yb，Er纳米材料的制备及上转换发光研究

利用Triton X-100／正己醇／环己烷／正己烷／水制成W／O微乳反胶团体系制备Gd2O3：Yb，Er上转换材料。利用扫描电镜观察氧化物粉体的颗粒形貌均为球形；通过改变掺杂元素Yb和Er的比例，在980nm的红外光激发下，观察研究氧化物颗粒的发光性质。该粉体在波长为980nm的半导体激光器激发下发射出绿色和红色的上转换荧光，分别对应于Er^3＋离子的。^S3／2／^2H11／2→^4I15／2跃迁和。^F9／2→^I15／2跃迁。