Wettability reversal of reservoir rock surface through surfactant stabilized microemulsion

In the process of the tertiary recovery of oil and gas resources, it is necessary to use external fluids to displace the crude oil in the reservoir. Whether the crude oil on the surface of the rock can be effectively displaced and the wettability of the rock can be changed to avoid re-adsorption by the crude oil is directly related to the level of oil recovery. Therefore, it is critical to study the cleaning and wettability reversal of reservoir rock surface. Because microemulsions have outstanding performance in changing the wettability of rocks and solubilizing crude oil, this paper uses cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as a surfactant and n-butanol as a co-surfactant to prepare microemulsions. The performance of microemulsions with different microstructures on the cleaning and wettability changes of crude oil on the rock surface were studied. The results show that the water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsion has good cleaning efficiency, and the oil removal rate on the sandstone core surface can reach 79.65%. In terms of changing the wettability of the rock surface, W/O, bi-continuous phase (B.C.) and oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsions can change the core surface from lipophilic to hydrophilic. And the effects of the B.C. and O/W microemulsions are more obvious. The microemulsion system that was prepared based on cationic surfactants has a good application prospect in changing the wettability of the reservoir and cleaning the adsorbed crude oil.     

Self-assembly synthesis of ZnO with adjustable morphologies and their photocatalytic performance

ZnO with hierarchical microspheres and hexagonal prisms structures were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal microemulsion route. Based on X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy observation of the products at the different reaction time periods, the formation mechanism of three-dimensional hierarchical ZnO microspheres was proposed. Ultraviolet and visible diffuse reflectance spectra indicated that as-synthesized ZnO microspheres had enhanced absorption in both ultraviolet and visible light areas. The photocatalytic activities of as-synthesized products were evaluated by monitoring the degradation of methylene blue solution. Due to the synergistic effects of the high crystallization and special hierarchical structure, the hierarchical ZnO microsphere exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity.     

微乳常温水基超声波机用清洗剂的研制

奥氏体不锈钢板,经拉深工艺,成筒体型的产品后,要求对筒体表面的拉深油,用超声波机清洗,现采用的清洗剂是强碱与表面活性剂两种产品配伍使用,要求温度为(60±5)℃,清洗时间为5 min,在60℃高温消耗能源的同时,清洗剂所产生的蒸汽,既有强碱的刺激味道,还有随时能够对人体构成伤害的不足之处。经检测,净洗力在89.7%。没有达到JB/4323—1999(水基金属清洗剂)标准要求,为克服上述不足之处,研制了一种微乳常温水基超声波机用清洗剂。     

微乳液法制备气敏材料的技术及应用

基于微乳液纳米反应器制备气敏材料是制备纳米材料的新方法.介绍了微乳液作为纳米反应器制备气敏材料的方法及原理,重点综述了微乳液法在制备纳米气敏材料方面的研究状况,总结了微乳液法制备纳米颗粒粒径大小的影响因素,并提出了微乳液法制备纳米气敏材料今后的发展方向.     

Triton X-100/正己醇/环己烷反相微乳液体系合成纳米羟基磷灰石

用Triton X-100/正己醇/环己烷/水四元反相微乳液体系制备了纳米羟基磷灰石(HA)粉体,确定了影响制备过程的最佳pH值和煅烧温度等工艺条件.x-射线衍射仪、TEM、SEM对羟基磷灰石的颗粒进行表征和分析表明:颗粒分散均匀,呈杆状,a轴尺寸为20～40nm左右,c轴尺寸为60～80nm,此方法可以有效地控制和改变HAP的分散性和粒度大小.     

反应性反相微乳液体系的构建

以可聚合的甲基丙烯酸甲酯代替传统微乳液中非反应性的油相,采用反应性表面活性剂SE-10N及助表面活性剂丙烯酸构建了反应性反相微乳液体系.通过滴定法描绘出微乳液体系的拟三元相图,并用电导率测量分析微乳液体系的相结构.利用紫外光低温引发微乳液体系聚合制得透明的聚合物.     

SDS/正丁醇/正庚烷/水微乳液体系结构参数测定

用稀释法测定SDS/正丁醇/正庚烷/水体系W/O型微乳液的结构参数,求得不同ω(水和SDS的摩尔比)时体系的水内核半径Rw、颗粒有效半径Re、界面层厚度l、颗粒总数Nd、分散相所占总界面积Ad和平均聚集数(n).研究了不同水量时,醇从油连续相转移到界面层时自由能变化△G0c→i.     

反相微乳法制备纳米ZrO2前躯体溶液微观结构的研究

本文通过拟三元相图法、电导法和红外光谱法对CTAB/正己醇/环己烷/水形成的四元反相微乳液体系的微观结构进行了研究,进而确定用于制备纳米ZrO2的最佳反相微乳液体系。     

Co-Zn复合掺杂纳米氢氧化镍的制备及性能

采用微乳液法合成了Co、Zn复合掺杂的纳米Ni(OH)_2粉体,通过改变温度、pH值对产品堆积密度、比容量的影响, 发现T=50℃、pH=11时,样品电极的性能较好,以50 mA·g~(-1)恒电流充放电,终止电压为1．0V的充放电制度下,其比容量达 282mAh·g~(-1),样品经过50次循环后容衰减率仅为2．5％．     

水/油微乳液技术制备单分散纳米CeO2

在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵 正丁醇/环己烷/水溶液组成的水/油型微乳液体系中,运用微乳液制备纳米粒子的原理,利用改进的两相液液法,测定了水/油微乳液的区域,并制备了纳米CeO2粉体.对制备得到的CeO2粉末的形貌特征、物相结构、成分等用透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射分析、热重-差示扫描量热法和红外光谱测试进行了表征.结果表明:在测定的微乳液区内能制备出颗粒分散性好,粒度分布均匀的纳米CeO2粒子,所得颗粒尺寸为3 nm左右.