过程装备技术的新进展

简述了国外近年来过程装备的发展概况,介绍了过程强化、多尺度空间结构、过程装备微型化等各种新技术应用的有关情况.     

飞秒激光直写铒镱玻璃波导激光器的优化设计

为了对双向抽运的飞秒激光直写铒镱共掺磷酸盐玻璃波导激光器进行数值模拟,采用铒镱共掺系统的速率方程及传输方程,对波导尺寸、激光器后腔镜反射率、掺杂铒镱离子浓度比等参量进行了优化。得到当波导长度为10mm、后腔镜反射率为0.6、掺杂铒镱离子浓度比为3.6,975nm波长400mW抽运时,有1535nm波长57mW的激光输出。结果表明,计算结果和国外相关报道的实验结果相近,能够为飞秒激光加工有源玻璃波导及其激光器设计提供一定的理论依据。     

微制造数控系统的实时有限状态机建模研究

为提高传统有限状态机（FSM）分析微制造数控系统（NCS）实时性特征的能力，提出了一种实时有限状态机（RTFSM）模型.该模型对传统FSM概念进行扩展，通过增加时间属性来描述状态行为的执行时间以及状态间切换所需的时间耗费.考虑到对复杂NCS控制流程进行设计、分析计算量较大，引入图论中的时间约束网络理论，采用经过修正的Floyd算法对模型中各个状态行为开始和结束时间的取值范围进行分析计算，从而实现控制流程的可调度性判定.实例研究表明，实时有限状态机可有效地建立微制造NCS控制流程模型，并降低对控制流程进行可调度性分析的复杂度，适用于NCS实时性研究.     

Universal Soft Robotic Microgripper

Here, a soft robotic microgripper is presented that consists of a smart actuated microgel connected to a spatially photopatterned multifunctional base. When pressed onto a target object, the microgel component conforms to its shape, thus providing a simple and adaptive solution for versatile micromanipulation. Without the need for active visual or force feedback, objects of widely varying mechanical and surface properties are reliably gripped through a combination of geometrical interlocking mechanisms instantiated by reversible shape‐memory and thermal responsive swelling of the microgel. The gripper applies holding forces exceeding 400 µN, which is high enough to lift loads 1000 times heavier than the microgel. An untethered version of the gripper is developed by remotely controlling the position using magnetic actuation and the contractile state of the microgel using plasmonic absorption. Gentle yet stable robotic manipulation of biological samples under physiological conditions opens up possibilities for high‐throughput interrogation and minimally invasive interventions.     

High‐Throughput Fabrication and Modular Assembly of 3D Heterogeneous Microscale Tissues

3D hydrogel microstructures that encapsulate cells have been used in broad applications in microscale tissue engineering, personalized drug screening, and regenerative medicine. Recent technological advances in microstructure assembly, such as bioprinting, magnetic assembly, microfluidics, and acoustics, have enabled the construction of designed 3D tissue structures with spatially organized cells in vitro. However, a bottleneck exists that still hampers the application of microtissue structures, due to a lack of techniques that combined high‐throughput fabrication and flexible assembly. Here, a versatile method for fabricating customized microstructures and reorganizing building blocks composed of functional components into a combined single geometric shape is demonstrated. The arbitrary microstructures are dynamically synthesized in a microfluidic device and then transferred to an optically induced electrokinetics chip for manipulation and assembly. Moreover, building blocks containing different cells can be arranged into a desired geometry with specific shape and size, which can be used for microscale tissue engineering.     

钨丝微电极阵列的简易制备方法

本文提出了一种简易、低成本的钨丝微电极阵列制作工艺和方法.该方法采用MEMS工艺制作的玻璃模具实现钨丝阵列的精密有序排列,同时,在钨丝电极表面涂覆一层光敏性的聚酰亚胺作为绝缘层,结合"双面光刻"技术和电化学腐蚀技术实现电极位点大小和电极丝几何尺寸的精确控制.最后,通过注模、光刻制作SU-8固定座体完成钨丝微电极阵列的组装固定.整个制作工艺简单快速,且玻璃模具可重复使用,大大降低了制作成本.此外,本文还测试和评价了所制作微电极的表面形貌、电学性能以及生物相容性.     

弯曲型三明治结构FeCuNbCrSiB/Cu/FeCuNbCrSiB多层膜巨磁阻抗效应研究

利用磁控溅射方法及微细加工技术制备了弯曲型三明治结构的FeCuNbCrSiB／Cu／FeCuNbCrSiB多层膜，在频率1～40MHz下研究了多层膜的纵向和横向巨磁阻抗效应，结果表明弯曲型三明治结构多层膜的巨磁阻抗效应高于它的传统的多层膜。在频率10MHz、磁场11．94kA／m下巨磁阻抗效应达-50%。