Formation of an amorphous phase in thermally sprayed WC-Co

A WC-Co coating was sprayed by the high-velocity oxyfuel process using a feedstock of tungsten carbide clad with cobalt. The structure of the sprayed coating was characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and differential thermal analysis (DTA). It was found that an amorphous phase of Co-W-C ternary alloy observed as a large, broad peak in the XRD pattern can be formed in the as-sprayed WC-Co coating. The DSC, DTA, and XRD analyses revealed that the amorphous phase crystallized at a temperature of around 873 K to metallic cobalt, Co₆W₆C, and tungsten with appreciable precipitation of free carbon. The heat treatment of as-sprayed WC-Co coating at a high temperature of 1173 K suggests that annealing at a temperature higher than about 1104 K will promote the reaction of tungsten and cobalt with carbon to form the complex carbide C₀₆W₆C.     

偏晶合金液-液相变过程模拟

建立了能描述在弥散相液滴形核、扩散长大、碰撞凝并及两液相空间分离等因素共同作用下，偏晶合金液-液相变过程中组织演变过程的数学模型。将计算的温度场和浓度场与控制凝固组织演变的动力学方程相耦合，模拟研究了单向冷却条件下Al-Pb合金液-液相变过程中的组织演变过程。结果表明，随着冷却的进行，液-液相变区不断由试样底部向试样顶部推进，直至贯穿整个试样。由于在凝固过程中弥散相液滴进行Marangoni迁移和Stokes运动，试样中的某些部位会出现液滴贫化、过饱和度增加和多次形核现象。     

铝合金牺牲阳极电流效率损耗的微观分析

探针（EPMA）和能谱分析技术(EDAX)，考察了铝合金牺牲阳极的显微结构和腐蚀后的边缘形貌，讨论了电流效率和显微组织之间的关系.结果表明：晶界腐蚀引起的晶粒脱落是铝合金牺牲阳极电流效率损耗的重要原因.      

MICROSTRUCTURE OF RAPIDLY SOLIDIFIED TiAl ALLOY POWDER

The rapidly solidified powder of Ti-34Al-2Mn alloy was obtained by means of ultrasonicgas atomisation (USGA) technique.The tupical size of the powder is 27 μm.X-ray diffractionresults show that the powder consists of major α_2-phase and minor γ-phase.Under opticalmicroscope both equiaxed and dendritical microstructure features were observed on RS pow-der sections.After annealing at 900 ℃/for 2 h in vacuum,most of α_2-phase transforms intoγ-phase,resulting in refinement of structure.     

EFFECT OF ALLOY ELEMENTS ON QUASIEQUILIBRIUM MICROSTRUCTURE IN Fe-Mn-Ni-Cr STEELS

The microstructures of Fe-Mn-Ni-Cr steels with medium carbon and the effect of alloy ele-ments on them have been investigated by means of X-ray diffraction quantitative phase ana-lyses,metallography and hardness tests.The volume fraction of martensite in steels quenchedat 1100℃ can be expressed as:f_M~(1100)=162.643-15.482Mn-7.36Ni-4.286(Cr+Mo+V)Based on this expression,the quasi-equilibrium microstructure diagram has been obtained.Itis shown that the effect of Mn on the austenite stability is greater than that of Ni.The equiva-lent [Ni]=2.104Mn+Ni and equivalent [Cr]=Cr+Mo+V.The driving force for martensite transformation at M_s point has been calculated to hedrastically decreased by element Mn.     

QUASI-EQUILIBRIUM MICROSTRUCTURES AND EFFECT OF ALLOY ELEMENTS IN Fe-Mn-Ni-Cr STEELS

本文利用X射线定量相分析及金相观察和硬度测试,考察了中碳Fe-Mn-Ni-Cr钢的组织及合金元素的作用。建立了经1100℃淬火后的马氏体体积分数与合金成分的定量关系式; f_M~(1100)=162.643-15.482Mn-7.36Ni-4.286(Cr+Mo+V)并在此基础上给出了亚平衡组织图。结果表明,Mn稳定奥氏体的作用大于Ni的作用。Ni和Cr当量分别以[Ni]=2.104Mn+Ni,[Cr]=Cr+Mo+V表示。计算了M_S点处的马氏体相变驱动力,指出Mn具有强烈降低相变驱动力的作用。     

硼对快凝Ni3Al组织结构及力学性能的影响

本文通过快凝及加硼合金化的方法改善金属间化合物Ni_3Al的韧性。实验表明:加入0.5-1.4at.-％的硼对Ni_3Al的塑性提高最有利。结构分析表明:在含1.37at.-％硼的Ni_3Al中,硼以Ni_(23)B_6弥散相及晶界偏聚方式存在;当硼量增至2.22at.-％时,硼以粗大的Ni_(23)B_6及NiB_(12)相在晶界处析出。无硼的Ni_3Al晶界为大角度晶界;当硼加至1.37at.-％时,Ni_3Al晶界以位错排列成亚晶界,以小角晶界形式存在。     

Zr,Cr和B对Ni3Al合金组织和力学性能的影响

本文研究了含Zr(0—0.6at.-％),Cr(0—7.7at.-％)和B(0—2.22at.-％)的Ni_3Al合金的组织和室温至1050℃拉伸性能。结果表明,Ni_3Al合金的屈服强度随温度升高而增加,表现出反常的温度关系。到达峰值后,随温度升高,屈服强度降低。Zr和Zr+Cr在整个试验温度范围都增加Ni_3Al合金的屈服强度,并改善高温抗张强度和塑性。硼增加Ni_3Al合金的抗张强度和屈服强度,同时改善塑性。但当硼含量超过1.37at.-％时,则降低强度和塑性。当硼含量超过溶解度极限时,Ni_3Al合金中形成岛状和球状的Ni_(20)Al_3B_6和Ni_3Al的共晶组织,对强度和塑性都是有害的。     

半固态A356合金微观组织特征对充型能力的影响

采用电磁搅拌法制备了具有不同微观组织特征的半固态A356合金浆料,用图像分析软件对浇注前浆料金相试样的初生相微观组织特征进行了测定,利用间接挤压铸造方法铸造阿基米德螺旋线试样,以挤压成形后的螺旋线试样长度衡量充型能力,通过多元回归,建立了半固态A356合金初生相微观组织特征与充型长度之间的数学表达式。结果表明:半固态浆料充型能力不仅与初生相微观组织特征参数有关,微观组织特征参数的交互作用对充型能力的影响也较大。利用该表达式可以对半固态浆料充型能力进行预测,进而指导半固态浆料制备参数设计、间接挤压铸造工艺设计和缺陷预测。     

MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Mg-Li ALLOY WITH Ca ADDITION

Mg-9wt%Li-2wt%Zn alloy was prepared and studied in this article. The addition of Ca to the alloy from 0.1wt% to 1wt% can refine the α-Mg and the best effect of refinement occurs when Ca content is 0.4wt%-0.5wt%. The billets can be rolled to thin sheets at room temperature, from which it is obvious that the addition of Ca improves alloys ormalin. while it decreases with the excess addition of Ca. The results also show that the ultimate tensile strength （UTS） and yield strength （YS） of the alloy with lwt% Ca may rise by 28% and 25%, respectively, however, the elongation decreases. It is clarified that the adsorption of proper Ca on the grain boundaries refines α-Mg and improves the tensile properties, but the presence of excess Ca and stable Ca2Mg6Zn3phase worsens the elongation.