高炉炉缸内铁水环流与内衬侵蚀

从分析中心焦柱在炉缸内的受力出发，计算了１０００￣５５８０ｍ＾３高炉大喷煤前后中心焦柱在炉缸铁水内的沉入深度，分析了炉缸内铁水环流的产生与炉缸内衬侵的关系，分析表明大喷煤有得利抑制铁水环流对缸内补的冲刷，提出了降低铁水环流对炉缸内衬侵蚀的途径。     

Experimental investigations and thermodynamic modelling of KCl–LiCl–UCl3 system

Experimental investigations and Gibbs energy modelling of KCl–LiCl–UCl₃ system employing CALPHAD method are reported. Gibbs energy modelling of the subsystems KCl–UCl₃ and LiCl–UCl₃ was carried out primarily using phase diagram data from the literature. For the Gibbs energy modelling of the KCl–LiCl subsystem, new phase boundary data corresponding to four terminal compositions $(x_{\mathrm{LiCl}}=0.03$, 0.05, 0.95 and 0.97) obtained through differential thermal analysis data along with thermochemical and phase diagram data from the literature were used. Thermal analysis was also carried out for KCl–LiCl eutectic mixture containing small amounts of UCl₃ $(x_{{\mathrm{UCl}}_3}=9.03\times {10}^{-3}$ and $1.79\times {10}^{-2}$). The liquidus temperatures for these compositions were found to be 637 K and 674 K. Electromotive force data for dilute solutions of UCl₃ in the KCl–LiCl eutectic melt, measured in the temperature range 708–833 K in the present work, were found to be in good agreement with the literature data. These data were also used as input for the Gibbs energy modelling of the KCl–LiCl–UCl₃ system. In order to improve the quality of the resulting Gibbs energy functions of the quasibinaries and the quasiternary, enthalpies of mixing of the corresponding melts estimated using an empirical correlation based on surrounded-ion model were also used as input. Finally, the generated Gibbs energy functions were used to compute phase equilibria.     

分子内敏化鎓盐的合成及光敏性研究

二芳基碘鎓盐和三芳基硫鎓盐是阳离子聚合的光引发剂和光敏产酸物,但他们在300nm以上的光吸收很低,限制了对紫外光的利用效率。为解决此问题,本文合成了一些新的碘鎓盐和硫鎓盐,并用凝胶时间方法考察了它们的光引发效率。实验结果表明,2-苯硫基甲基,2′,4′-二甲基二苯碘鎓盐和9-蒽丙基,二苯基硫鎓盐具有特别高的光引发效率,这归之于光照时这些鎓盐发生了分子内电荷转移反应,即发生了分子内敏化。9-蒽丙基二苯硫鎓盐分子中的蒽基(An)是电子给体也是敏化基团,光照时可发生如下反应:     

原盐洗涤工艺在精盐水制备中的应用

针对当前原盐中因Mg^2 、Ca^2 及泥沙含量较大而严重影响生产的实际情况，介绍了1种简单易行的原盐洗涤工艺。     

谈如何提高二次精制盐水质量

介绍了锦化化工(集团)有限责任公司提高二次精制盐水质量的成功经验,讨论了过滤系统中碳素烧结管间距、一次盐水的质量及其游离氯含量、人为操作失误和助体给料量等五大因素对二次精制盐水质量的影响,并采取了相应的措施,如调整合适的碳素烧结管间距、改走砂滤器、更换过滤器碳素管等。介绍了二次精制盐水精制系统树脂塔精制盐水的操作要素,诸如控制盐水流量最高为68m3/h、温度在(60±5)℃、pH值在9左右,控制树脂塔的压差、树脂填充量、树脂性能、仪表阀的检查情况等,从而生产出高质量的二次精制盐水,保证了离子膜电解槽的平稳、高效运行。     

十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液聚集性质的研究

用滴体积法测出十二烷基苯磺酸钠（ＳＤＢＳ）稀水溶液的表面张力；然后求出其临界胶束浓度（ＣＭＣ）。同时通过溶液的电导率、吸收光谱以及荧光光谱测定求出其ＣＭＣ。这样测出的ＣＭＣ值为１．２～１．６×１０－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，与文献值相符。也研究了部分水解的聚丙烯酰胺（ＰＨＰＡＭ）对ＳＤＢＳ聚集性质的影响；发现ＳＤＢＳ的ＣＭＣ值随ＰＨＰＡＭ的加人而减少并且ＰＨＰＡＭ水溶液的粘度随ＳＤＢＳ的存在而急剧降低（类似盐效应）。这些方法与性质对强化采油（ＥＯＲ）是重要的。     

Molten salts/ceramic-foam matrix composites by melt infiltration method as energy storage material

A new type of high temperature energy storage material was obtained through the melt infiltration method, using compounding SiC ceramic foam as matrix and Na₂SO₄ as phase change material. The resulting composite material was measured by XRD, SEM, TG-DSC methods. The experimental results indicate that the composite is composed of silicon carbide, sodium sulfate and square quartz, and no chemical reactions occurs between Na₂SO₄ and SiC matrix. Na₂SO₄ has a good bonding with the SiC ceramic foam matrix. As the composite material is characterized by high thermal energy storage density and high thermal conductivity, it is suit for energy storage under high temperature. Funded by the “863” Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (2008AA05Z418)     

开封引黄灌区灌溉条件下稻田土壤盐分阈值研究

结合各生育期水稻耐盐度、各处理实际种前初始土壤含盐量和对应生育期最高的土壤含盐量,分析了各灌溉处理条件下的稻田土壤含盐量在水稻各生育期的动态变化规律和允许初始土壤含盐量阈值.结果表明:控制灌溉及控制灌溉加淋洗条件下,各水稻生育期土壤含盐量均有不同程度降低,随着淋洗水量的增加土壤含盐量逐渐降低,并获得了不同灌溉方式下的允许稻田初始土壤含盐量阈值.此结论对实际应用有指导意义.     

无烟煤熔融盐催化气化反应特性研究

根据煤催化气化原理及熔融盐特性,设计了一套小型熔融盐催化煤气化实验装置。针对无烟煤燃烧特性差的特点,在实验中研究了温度和二氧化碳流量对气化结果的影响,并对影响机理进行分析。     

熔盐堆临界能谱与通量分布的仿真计算

研究熔盐反应堆在临界工况下的堆芯中子能量和中子通量分布.由于熔盐反应堆的几何结构与目前的热中子反应堆存在很大差异,导致热中子反应堆能谱的求解方法在对熔盐堆进行计算时存在几何处理上的困难.针对上述问题,提出采用具有任意几何处理能力的中子输运计算软件MCNP对熔盐堆堆芯结构进行建模,采用能量区间上的平均通量代替该区间内通量分布的方法,计算了两种熔盐堆在临界工况下的堆芯中子能谱.结果表明,MSBR堆芯能谱为典型的热堆能谱;MO-SART堆芯能谱介于快堆能谱和热堆能谱之间.结果能够作为堆芯扩散计算中能量分群方法的依据.同时分析了堆芯内中子通量分布情况,结果表明熔盐堆中子通量分布具有中间高、四周低的特点.