真空冷冻干燥机内的水蒸气压力分布计算

试图从冻干过程中冻干室内水蒸气压力分布不均匀的角度,分析解释大型真空冷冻干燥机存在的不同部位物料干燥速率不均匀问题.通过建立描述搁板层间通道和搁板组间抽气通道内水蒸气流动的数学模型,计算得出流动通道内的水蒸气压力分布规律.定义了2个通道特征系数,反映出冻干机结构、工艺参数对水蒸气压力分布的影响作用.计算结果可以用于估算冻干机内不同部位物料的干燥速率,并可为确定冻干机关键结构工艺参数提供重要的理论参考依据.     

Partition of unity enrichment for bimaterial interface cracks

Partition of unity enrichment techniques are developed for bimaterial interface cracks. A discontinuous function and the two‐dimensional near‐tip asymptotic displacement functions are added to the finite element approximation using the framework of partition of unity. This enables the domain to be modelled by finite elements without explicitly meshing the crack surfaces. The crack‐tip enrichment functions are chosen as those that span the asymptotic displacement fields for an interfacial crack. The concept of partition of unity facilitates the incorporation of the oscillatory nature of the singularity within a conforming finite element approximation. The mixed‐mode (complex) stress intensity factors for bimaterial interfacial cracks are numerically evaluated using the domain form of the interaction integral. Good agreement between the numerical results and the reference solutions for benchmark interfacial crack problems is realized. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

FEM for evaluation of weight functions for SIF, COD and higher-order coefficients with application to a typical wedge splitting specimen

In the evaluation of accurate weight functions for the coefficients of first few terms of the linear elastic crack tip fields and the crack opening displacement (COD) using the finite element method (FEM), singularities at the crack tip and the loading point need to be properly considered. The crack tip singularity can be well captured by a hybrid crack element (HCE), which directly predicts accurate coefficients of first few terms of the linear elastic crack tip fields. A penalty function technique is introduced to handle the point load. With the use of these methods numerical results of a typical wedge splitting (WS) specimen subjected to wedge forces at arbitrary locations on the crack faces are obtained. With the help of appropriate interpolation techniques, these results can be used as weight functions. The range of validity of the so-called Paris equation, which is widely used in the evaluation of the COD from the stress intensity factors (SIFs), is established.     

Determination method of equivalent insulation test voltage at room temperature for high temperature superconducting power apparatus with coil structure

This paper deals with the determination method of the equivalent insulation test voltage at room temperature that secures the reliability of the cryogenic electrical insulation of the high temperature superconducting (HTS) power apparatus. The high voltage test is related to the apparatus with coil structure at the stages of its development, manufacturing and shipment. In the test method, the equivalent insulation test voltage at room temperature is derived from the standard test voltage at cryogenic temperature, based on the idea that the HTS power apparatus should be operated without partial discharges (PDs). The conversion factor between the two voltages is given by the product of the two medium factors, i.e. the one relating to the potential distribution along the coil winding and the other relating to the PD inception condition at the weakest part in the electrical insulation system. In order to determine the latter factor concerned with the non-linear phenomena against electrical stresses, the PD inception voltages at cryogenic and room temperatures are theoretically and experimentally estimated for modeled turn-to-turn insulation system. The results show that both estimated and measured values are in fairly good agreement and the proposed method is useful for the equivalent high voltage test at room temperature for the HTS power apparatus.     

A numerical analysis of cracks emanating from a square hole in a rectangular plate under biaxial loads

This note concerns with stress intensity factors of cracks emanating from a square hole in rectangular plate under biaxial loads by means of the boundary element method which consists of the non-singular displacement discontinuity element presented by Crouch and Starfied and the crack tip displacement discontinuity elements proposed by the author. In the boundary element implementation the left or the right crack tip displacement discontinuity element is placed locally at corresponding left or right crack tip on top of the constant displacement discontinuity elements that cover the entire crack surface and the other boundary. The present numerical results illustrate that the present approach is very effective and accurate for calculating stress intensity factors of complicated cracks in a finite plate and can reveal the effect of the biaxial load and the cracked body geometry on stress intensity factors.     

热力管网保温节能效果的影响因素分析

对保温设计计算中环境温度的确定及保温材料的经济性选择问题进行了讨论，分析了保温材料施工前性能检测的重要性及严把施工质量关的实际意义。在此基础上，探讨了武钢热力管网强化保温的节能潜力。     

240MVA/220kV双绕组升压变压器工艺系数分析

对几台240MVA/220kV双绕组升压变压器的空载损耗、空载电流和短路阻抗这几个重要参数的试验数据和设计计算值进行了比较与分析,得出了这些参数的一些经验系数.     

计算机网络安全的分析与研究

本文全面分析了威胁计算机网络安全的各种因素,剖析了网络安全系统的基本构成,提出了网络系统安全的策略及实施方案.     

巷道断面与风筒断面形状对局部通风工作面热环境模拟结果的影响

在运用计算流体力学(CFD)的方法模拟解算矿井热环境时,为了便于对直角坐标中计算域的网格划分和离散化方程的简化,经常对巷道和风筒的几何形状进行假设或简化成规则的形状.对应用计算流体力学的方法模拟局部通风掘进工作面热环境时巷道断面形状、风筒出口形状等对模拟解算结果的影响进行了解算和分析.     

遗传算法参数寻优的分形插值方法研究

分形插值是一种构造分形曲线的方法。分形插值方法中的垂直比例因子的大小影响拟合函数曲线的起伏，控制插值曲线的拟合精度。该文在深人分析分形插值方法的基础上，结合遗传算法可以有导向的实现参数随机搜索优化的特点，将其应用到分形插值自由参数的选取中，实现分形插值曲线与实际函数的最佳拟合。仿真结果验证了遗传算法在垂直比例因子的寻优上的有效性。