EPR and Raman study of silicon layers obtained by gas detonation spraying

We demonstrate availability of gas detonation deposition spraying (GDS) to obtain silicon layers that can be used for production of solar cells. Silicon powder remaining as secondary raw material of silicon and/or silicon production is used during GDS. To study defects and structural perfection of initial powders and obtained layers, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and Raman spectroscopy are used. It is shown that one part of EPR spectra displays resonances originating from different nearest-neighbor configurations of silicon dangling bonds, whereas an increase of the total number of paramagnetic defects in GDS silicon layer is related to the rise of conduction electrons or electrons filled band tail states. Thermal annealing of layers in hydrogen ambience further reduces the number of silicon dangling bonds owing to their passivation. Based on the results of X-ray diffraction, EPR and Raman spectroscopy it is assumed that the GDS Si layers are composed of randomly oriented and partially oxidized monocrystalline silicon grains. It is found that optical and photoelectric properties of the layers obtained indicate a possibility to apply them for solar cells production.     

Band alignment in organic light emitting diodes - On the track of thickness dependent onset voltage shifts

In this paper we report on an unclear effect in the IV characteristics of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). When the thickness of the emitter layer based on a modified phenyl carbozole triplet host material (TH) in the device is increased, a significant shift of the onset voltage to higher values can be noticed. The voltage shift is not observed if the TH is substituted by an isomer with only minor variation of the molecular structure. In a previous publication we could already show that an electric interface field is necessary to describe the onset voltage behaviour. To find the origin of this interface field in the present publication the two isomers are characterized and the band alignment at the interfaces to the emitter layer is investigated using photoelectron spectroscopy. The interface energy diagrams have been measured on stepwise prepared model interfaces. A further simplification of the bipolar to a hole only device stack proofs, that band bending at the hole injecting interface to the TH layer is the origin of the interface field. In contrast an entire flat band situation is measured in case of the device using the other isomer showing no onset voltage shift.     

Thermal stability of devices with molybdenum oxide doped organic semiconductors

We demonstrate the thermal stability of transition-metal-oxide (molybdenum oxide; MoO₃)-doped organic semiconductors. Impedance spectroscopy analysis indicated that thermal deformation of the intrinsic 1,4-bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N′-phenylamino]-4,4′-diamine (NPB) layer is facilitated when the MoO₃-doped NPB layer is deposited on the intrinsic NPB layer. The resistance of the intrinsic NPB layer is reduced from 300 kΩ to 3 kΩ after thermal annealing at 100 °C for 30 min. Temperature-dependent conductance/angular frequency–frequency (G/w-f-T) analysis revealed that the doping efficiency of MoO₃, which is represented by the activation energy (E_a), is reduced after the annealing process.     

新型光电子源离子迁移谱在检测四氯化碳中的应用

紫外光电离源是离子迁移谱中最重要的电离源之一,常被用来电离有机物,产生正离子。利用紫外光照射金属表面产生电子作为离子源,建立了一套光电子源离子迁移谱仪,由于卤化物具有较强的吸附电子能力,该装置可以应用于卤化物的检测。使用CCl4样品,得到了该装置的离子峰强度、半峰宽、分辨率随迁移管电场、离子门脉宽、离子门电压的变化关系,并进行了简单的理论分析。兼顾离子峰强度与分辨率,得到了优化的实验参数,在该参数下测量了CCl4的检测限达到4 ppb,线性范围跨越2个数量级。     

壳层隔绝纳米粒子增强拉曼光谱测试系统设计

基于壳层隔绝纳米粒子增强技术,开发了一种新型的等离激元拉曼光谱测试系统,该系统能够有效地提高被测物质的拉曼反射信号强度。壳层隔绝纳米粒子增强技术采用包裹了极薄的二氧化硅或者氧化铝壳层的单层金纳米粒子,能够产生较强的表面增强效应。整个测试系统的硬件部分主要包括双处理器（ARM和DSP）主控板、半导体激光光源、光谱仪、光纤探头和粒子施加装置;软件部分能够自动获取被测物质的拉曼谱图。这里,粒子施加装置用于自动地将壳层隔绝纳米粒子施加到被测样本中。在实验中,将测试系统用于检测食品违禁添加物三聚氰胺和孔雀石绿,以验证壳层隔绝纳米粒子增强拉曼光谱技术。实验结果表明,该测试系统具有较高的测试灵敏度和较短的测试时间,广泛地适用于食品安全中痕量物质快速检测。     

飞秒光学频率梳在精密测量中的应用

飞秒光学频率梳通过锁定飞秒锁模激光的重复频率和偏置频率至微波频率基准,在时域上得到重复频率稳定的飞秒脉冲激光,在频域上得到频率间隔稳定的激光频率梳。飞秒光学频率梳作为微波频率与光学频率的桥梁,可以实现对激光频率的直接精密计量,同时作为一种有别于传统连续波稳频激光的特殊激光光源,在激光频率标尺、绝对距离测量和精密光谱测量等光学精密测量领域都有着重要应用。综述了飞秒光学频率梳在若干光学精密测量应用中的研究进展、关键技术和研究动向,分析了其在未来光学测量中的重要作用。     

Negative giant surface potential of vacuum-evaporated tris(7-propyl-8-hydroxyquinolinolato) aluminum(III) [Al(7-Prq)3] film

Negative giant surface potential was realized in a vacuum-evaporated film of tris(7-propyl-8-hydroxyquinolinolato) aluminum(III) [Al(7-Prq)₃]. Electroabsorption response of the film presented an inverted polarity to that of tris(8-hydroxyquinolinolato) aluminum (Alq₃), suggesting opposite noncentrosymmetry of molecular orientation. Asymmetric dice model with molecular geometric effect has been proposed, and propyl substitution at 7 position of the ligands was indicated to affects the molecular posture on the surface to invert the polarity of noncentrosymmetry. Our results opened a new possibility of controlling molecular orientation in a film for device applications.     

可调谐激光痕量气体检测中的数字滤波技术的优选

为改善可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱(TDLAS)系统的检测性能,以浓度为50×10-6和17×10-6的H2S气体检测为例,根据TDLAS系统的噪声特征,选择了4种数字滤波技术并利用Visual C++软件分别编写了程序对二次谐波原始信号进行压噪和有效信号的提取。结果表明,采用非线性最小二乘法与数字平均滤波技术相结合,使系统理论检测极限由原来的30×10-6提高到了5×10-6量级;对于反演后气体的浓度信号则采用Kalman滤波进行再去噪,使信噪比提高了近8倍。比较结果表明,经过上述滤波处理,TDLAS系统的信噪比和检测极限性能有明显改善。本文的上述方法实际应用到我们的TDLAS在线工业排放气体的测量系统中,取得了良好的效果。     

天然与处理翡翠的光谱学研究

文章通过对天然翡翠和漂白充填处理翡翠的共焦显微拉曼光谱(514nm)测定,得到表征翡翠硬玉结构的拉曼位移为1036cm-1,696cm-1和374cm-1,显微放大能观察到翡翠经酸洗产生的裂纹及其充填的有机物,经红外光谱的测定证实该充填物为环氧树脂,且表征环氧树脂的拉曼峰为777cm-1,1123cm-1,1611cm-1,2930cm-1和3065cm-1;通过相同测试条件下,并在极短的积分时间内对天然翡翠的绿色、白色部位和染绿色翡翠进行拉曼光谱(785nm)测定,并结合绿色翡翠紫外-可见光-近红外吸收光谱的测定,得到吸收光谱中的吸收峰637nm,658nm和691nm归属于翡翠晶体中的Cr3 ,Cr3 的大量存在将使翡翠的拉曼光谱产生极强的荧光,而染色翡翠中染料产生的荧光相对较弱.