基于因子分析的内蒙古各盟市文化产业发展的综合评价

文化产业是市场经济条件下繁荣发展社会主义文化的重要载体，也是推动产业结构调整、转变经济发展方式的重要着力点。选取8个反映文化产业发展的有代表性的指标．采用因子分析法．从文化建设投入因子和贡献因子两个方面对内蒙古12个盟市的文化产业进行对比分析，得出各盟市综合评价结果，进而有针对性地提出加快发展文化产业的相应对策。     

An improved damage diagnostic technique based on Singular Spectrum Analysis and time series models

An approach to enhance the sensitivity of the damage index using the prediction errors of autoregressive – autoregressive exogenous models by augmenting Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) to detect and locate minor damage is presented. Numerical simulation studies are carried out by considering a simply supported beam with single and multiple cracks. An experimental study on a reinforced cement concrete beam has been carried out to validate the technique using different levels of damage. The studies emphasise that the SSA improves the sensitivity of the damage index for detection and also localisation, handling environmental/operational variability and measurement noise.     

Highwall Stability due to Punch Mining at Opencut Coal Mines

Conventional highwall mining extracts coal with an auger machine or a continuous miner from exposed seams at the base of opencut or strip operations. However, under poor strata and high stress conditions, highwall mining cannot be conducted due to pillar and roof failures. In such cases, punch highwall mining is more effective than the conventional highwall mining. This paper describes conventional highwall mining and punch highwall mining systems and discusses the stability of the highwall due to punch highwall mining at opencut coal mines.     

Estimating life cycle plant maintenance costs

The financial success or otherwise of a maintenance strategy can be determined realistically only when actual costs are compared with target ‘predicted’ values. This is because, in the absence of accurate cost control mechanisms, maintenance expenditure can exceed capital cost. In order to address this problem, a methodology is presented for predicting life cycle maintenance expenditure over the useful life of tracked hydraulic excavators. First, time series analysis (using a moving centred average) illustrates that the trend in maintenance cost expenditure is difficult to isolate due to large perturbations in periodic unscheduled maintenance. Such expenditure accounts for 92% of total maintenance cost. Second, cumulative costs of maintenance are modelled using a cubic equation, with time (in hours) as the predictor (x_n) variable. Model performance is robust with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.99 and a mean percentage error (MPE) of minus 3.94. The paper concludes with direction for future research in this field, particularly with respect to expanding the model's application to machines of various weights, manufacturers and machines operating in other industries, and determination of criteria with which to predict when a plant item will reach the end of its useful life.     

Factors affecting clients' project dispute resolution satisfaction in Hong Kong

The use of project dispute resolution satisfaction (DRS) as a project success measurement responds to the increasing concern over the spread of the dispute epidemic within the construction industry in Hong Kong. The DRS of a project is considered as favourable where disputes are resolved within the site level. With the use of 48 project data sets and the technique of multivariate discriminant analysis, a discriminant model function was derived to classify projects into favourable DRS and adverse DRS. The multivariate discriminant analysis model function identified eight discriminating variables, among which the degree of design changes offered the highest separation power. The reliability of the discrminating variables was reinforced by a separate relative importance index study. Through the use of principal component factor analysis, these variables were grouped into three factors generically described as substantive influence, facilitation and indirect influence.     

Allocation of contingency in activity duration networks

This paper describes a method for apportioning contingency in a probabilistic network. It distinguishes between two requirements for contingency: for high variance crucial activities, and for high float noncritical activities. This enables a logical two-step apportionment, the first based upon the idea of ‘cruciality’, which has become established as an important indicator of an activity's importance in risk terms, and the second based upon standard ideas about float. A numerical example is given based on data used by previous work, so that a comparison of the methods can be made.     

A strategy for the risk-based inspection of pressure safety valves

The purpose of a pressure safety valve (PSV) is to protect the life and safety of pressure vessels in a pressurized system. If a weakened PSV fails to function properly, a catastrophic event might occur if no other protective means are provided. By utilizing the as-received test data and statistical analysis of the aging conditions of PSVs in lubricant process units, a risk-based inspection (RBI) system was developed in this study. First of all, the characteristics of PSV were discussed from the practical viewpoint of engineering inspection and maintenance. The as-received test data, which shows obvious PSV damage, will be separated from the data used in the following statistical analysis. Then, the relationship between the aging conditions and the corresponding PSV parameters was analyzed by using the statistical technique—analysis of variance (ANOVA). Finally, a strategy for semi-quantitative RBI is proposed. Also, a definitive estimated inspection interval for every PSV is suggested. The outcome indicated most of the risks result from a few PSVs, for which the corresponding inspection intervals will be shorter than the 2 years in accordance with relative standards and local government regulations.     

大型综合商业中心动线及空间设计

文章分别介绍不同商业类型的基本特点,并以大型商业中心为例,概述其空间特点及内外部动线设计要素,为综合商业中心空间动线设计提供参考。     

Optical sensing of materials movements occurring at a plant surface with a probe beam

Optical sensing of materials movements across a plant surface with a probe beam is reported. It is based on monitoring of deflection of a probe beam passing through a vicinity of the plant surface. The deflection of the probe beam was caused by concentration gradients of chemical species involved in the materials moments in physiological activities of the plant. Typha angustifolia L. was used as a model plant. The beam deflection at different locations of both leaves and roots in respiration process were monitored and compared. It is found that deflection signals changed with time and locations. Experimental results showed that the beam deflection method could be used for noninvasive sensing and monitoring of materials movements across the plant surface.     

The early design model for prediction of energy and cost performance of building design options

In order to encourage the use of computer modelling in building environmental analysis, it is necessary to provide a model developed from the designer's point of view. Detailed simulation models require a high degree of expertise and familiarity, further, there is also a need for detailed information not available in the early stages of the design process. Simplified models play an important role in the early stages of a design to achieve an integrated design: firstly, they are easy to use and, secondly, they require information easily available at the start of a design. In the Early Design Model (EDM) the solar gain utilisation factor has been determined as a continuous function of thermal mass. The differences between the annual energy predictions of EDM and SERI-RES ranges from 0.1% to 4.6% for time constants ranging from 378 to 2.52 hours. The differences between the two sets of predictions on monthly basis ranges from m 3.6% to m 6.48% (EDM's predictions being larger) during the heating season, and from +2.86% to a maximum of +51% (EDM's predictions being smaller) in the remaining part of the year. In addition to energy predictions, EDM incorporates a facility which gives cost indications.