超细镍酸锂晶体对搪瓷密着强度影响的研究

将超细镍酸锂晶体磨加在搪瓷釉中,测试搪瓷的密着强度,通过电子显微镜观察搪瓷界面的显微形貌。实验结果表明,在搪瓷釉中磨加超细镍酸锂晶体能有效地提高搪瓷的密着强度。     

钢基耐磨SiC薄膜制备研究

用磁控溅射的方法在40Cr钢的表面制得了SiC薄膜.通过X射线衍射、傅里叶红外光谱分析、摩擦磨损以及划痕试验研究了工艺参数、溅射方式对薄膜性能的影响.结果表明:室温下,用磁控溅射法制备的SiC薄膜具有非晶态结构;傅立叶红外光谱证实了薄膜中除了Si-C键的存在外还有大量的Si-Si键;在相同的工艺参数下用射频溅射法制备的薄膜表面更为光滑致密,与基体结合更好;采用射频溅射法,在功率200W,时间为2h,工作气压为0.1Pa条件下制备的SiC薄膜性能最佳.     

A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for adherence and depression (CBT-AD) in HIV-infected individuals.

Objective: To evaluate cognitive-behavioral therapy to enhance medication adherence and reduce depression (CBT-AD) in individuals with HIV. Design: A two arm, randomized, controlled, cross-over trial comparing CBT-AD to enhanced treatment as usual only (ETAU). ETAU, which both groups received, included a single-session intervention for adherence and a letter to the patient's provider documenting her or his continued depression. The intervention group also received 10 to 12 sessions of CBT-AD. Main Outcome Measures: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy as assessed by Medication Event Monitoring Systems (MEMs) and depression as assessed by blinded structured evaluation. Results: At the acute outcome assessment (3-months), those who received CBT-AD evidenced significantly greater improvements in medication adherence and depression relative to the comparison group. Those who were originally assigned to the comparison group who chose to cross over to CBT-AD showed similar improvements in both depression and adherence outcomes. Treatment gains for those in the intervention group were generally maintained at 6- and 12-month follow-up assessments. By the end of the follow-up period, those originally assigned CBT-AD demonstrated improvements in plasma HIV RNA concentrations, though these differences did not emerge before the cross-over, and hence there were not between-groups differences. Conclusions: CBT-AD is a potentially efficacious approach for individuals with HIV struggling with depression and adherence. Replication and extension in larger efficacy trials are needed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Correction to Erbes, Curry, and Leskela (2009).

Reports an error in Treatment presentation and adherence of Iraq/Afghanistan era veterans in outpatient care for posttraumatic stress disorder by Christopher R. Erbes, Kyle T. Curry and Jennie Leskela (Psychological Services, 2009[Aug], Vol 6[3], 175-183). The copyright for the article was listed incorrectly. This article is in the Public Domain. The online version has been corrected. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2009-12007-001.) The ongoing wars in Afghanistan (Operation Enduring Freedom or OEF) and Iraq (Operation Iraqi Freedom or OIF) make the development and application of effective postdeployment mental health treatment programs a high priority. There has been some concern that existing treatment programs for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may not fit well with OEF/OIF veterans confronted with acute mental health difficulties while reestablishing community, familial, and occupational connections after their deployment. This study utilized data gathered from a large outpatient Veterans Affairs Medical Center PTSD treatment clinic to examine differences in initial treatment presentation and treatment adherence (attendance and dropout) between a group of Vietnam era veterans (n = 54) and a group of OEF/OIF veterans (n = 106). OEF/OIF veterans reported lower levels of symptom distress on questionnaires assessing posttraumatic reexperiencing, avoidance, dissociation, and arousal symptoms but similar levels of anger and acting out behaviors and higher levels of alcohol problems. OEF/OIF veterans had significantly lower rates of session attendance and higher rates of treatment dropout than Vietnam veterans, and this difference was not accounted for by differences in treatment presentation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Paper or plastic revisited: Let's keep them both--Reply to Broderick and Stone (2006); Tennen, Affleck, Coyne, Larsen, and DeLongis (2006); and Takarangi, Garry, and Loftus (2006).

The authors review commentaries by J. E. Broderick and A. A. Stone (2006)(see record 2006-03820-007); H. Tennen, G. Affleck, J. C. Coyne, R. J. Larsen, and A. DeLongis (2006)(see record 2006-03820-008); and M. K. T. Takarangi, M. Garry, and E. F. Loftus (2006)(see record 2006-03820-009) on their original article (A. S. Green, E. Rafaeli, N. Bolger, P. Shrout, & H. T. Reis, 2006)(see record 2006-03820-006). The authors were pleased to find more agreement than disagreement regarding the choice of methods for conducting diary studies. It is clear that continued critical evaluation of all diary methods, both paper and plastic, is warranted. However, on the basis of their initial findings, the authors conclude that paper diaries are still likely to have a valuable place in researchers' toolboxes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Relationship of proxy efficacy and reliance to home-based physical activity after cardiac rehabilitation.

Objective: To examine cardiac rehabilitation program (CRP) participants' beliefs about their interventionists (proxy efficacy and reliance), self-efficacy, and exercise behavior during transition to home-based exercise. Participants and Design: Participants were 44 (16 women and 28 men) CRP outpatients (Mage = 59.43 ± 13.53 years). The design was prospective, with proxy efficacy and reliance as well as self-efficacy being used to predict two outcomes: self-regulatory self-efficacy and home-based exercise. Results: After self-regulatory efficacy reported earlier in the program was controlled for, proxy reliance predicted later program self-regulatory efficacy for home-based exercise (adjusted R2 = .10, p = .02). Proxy efficacy for self-regulation predicted home-based exercise frequency (adjusted R2 = .18, p = .01). Greater proxy efficacy for self-regulation was associated with higher exercise frequency. Conclusion: CRP participants' beliefs in the capabilities of their exercise consultants to help them develop self-regulatory skills play a role in how much exercise they do after supervised rehabilitation. Yet, individuals who strongly rely on their interventionists to assist them in exercising report weaker self-efficacy for exercising on their own. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A social problem-solving model of adherence to HIV medications.

HIV medication adherence remains a challenge and limits the degree to which treatment benefit can be maximized. This study tested an explanatory model of HIV medication adherence using a social problem-solving (SPS) framework. Associations of SPS with adherence are hypothesized to be direct and/or indirect via psychological health. HIV+ adults were interviewed using validated measures of SPS, psychological health, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) medication adherence. Structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques were used to test hypothesized relationships and to evaluate overall fit of the model to the data. SEM supported an indirect association (but not direct) of SPS on adherence via psychological health among the 545 HIV+ adults included in the analyses. Overall, the findings resulted in a model of adherence that offered very good fit to the data and correctly classified 97% of the cases as adherent versus nonadherent. Results support the use of SPS as a conceptual framework for understanding adherence to ART. Findings offer rationale and direction for SPS interventions to enhance adherence by improving psychological health. Such approaches, if effective, have the potential to positively impact psychological well being and adherence, thereby maximizing clinical benefit from treatment, which is linked to lower mortality from AIDS. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Adhesive contact and kinetics of adherence between a rigid sphere and an elastomeric solid

The adhesive contact of rigid spherical punches on viscoelastic solids is studied using a solution of the axisymmetric Boussinesq problem, assuming an integral constant to be non-zero. The JKR theory, based on the energy balance, is then found. The stress tensor is computed by superposition of the Hertzian stress tensor and the flat punch stress tensor, and is plotted for two particular cases: zero and minimum negative applied loads. It is shown that, whatever the load, the existence of molecular attraction forces provokes infinite stresses at the edge of the contact area.Fracture mechanics concepts are used to study the kinetics of adherence. It is shown that the general equation used allows the kinetics of interfacial crack propagation to be predicted in all types of test: fixed load; displacement; loading velocity; and crosshead velocity. Finally, the problem of the tackiness of elastomers and the dwell time effect on adherence are examined.The experimental results collected in this review have been obtained for the contact surface glass ball/polyurethane. All the theoretical predictions are verified with a reproducibility of better than 2%.     

Learners' evaluation of a navigation support tool in distance education

Abstract   This article investigates the usability of a navigation support tool, which guides learners by generating advice on the next best step to take in a self-study e-learning course. The article draws on log data and responses from online questionnaires to provide insights into learners' evaluation of the tool, their adherence to the advice and their expectations of self-efficacy. The theoretical underpinnings of the work are described together with the experimental set-up. Results show that more than half of the learners in the experimental group adhered to the advice and held the opinion that the advice stimulated them to proceed with the course. Learners expressed a need to know what the advice was based on which can be seen as an essential element in future development of the tool.     

The impact of continuing care adherence on environmental risks, substance use, and substance-related problems following adolescent residential treatment.

The effectiveness of adolescent treatment to reduce substance use has been demonstrated by a number of different literature reviews, yet longer term outcome studies have suggested that continued alcohol and other drug use is common. Participation in continuing care services and reductions in environmental risk factors (e.g., peer substance use or alcohol or drug use in the home) have both been found to be associated with improved posttreatment substance use. The authors conducted Path analysis to examine the experimental direct effect of the Assertive Continuing Care Protocol (S. H. Godley, M. D. Godley, & M. L. Dennis, 2001) on general continuing care adherence following residential treatment and the protocol's indirect effect (via general continuing care adherence) on social and environmental risk factors, as well as subsequent substance use and substance-related problems. Supporting previous findings, the final model indicates that greater adherence to continuing care is associated with reductions in environmental risk, which in turn is associated with reduced adolescent substance use and substance-related problems 9 months after discharge from residential treatment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)