Efficient and 1,8-diiodooctane-free ternary organic solar cells fabricated via nanoscale morphology tuning using small-molecule dye additive

The ternary strategy for incorporating multiple photon-sensitive components into a single junction has emerged as an effective method for optimizing the nanoscale morphology and improving the device performance of organic solar cells (OSCs).In this study,efficient and stable ternary OSCs were achieved by introducing the small-molecule dye (5E,5'E)-5,5'-(4',4″-(1,2-diphenylethene-1,2-diyl)bis(biphenyl-4',4-diyl))bis(methan-1-yl-1-ylidene)bis(3-ethyl-2-thioxothia zolidin-4-one) (BTPERn) into poly[4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiopheneco-3-fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene-2-carboxylate] (PTB7-Th):[6,6]-phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) blend films processed using a 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO)-free solvent.The incorporation of BTPE-Rn enhanced the short-circuit current density and fill factor of the ternary OSCs compared with those of binary OSCs.An investigation of the optical,electronic,and morphological properties of the ternary blends indicated that the third component of BTPE-Rn not only promoted the photon utilization of blends through the energy-transfer process but also improved the electron mobility of the blends owing to the fullerene-rich nanophase optimization.More importantly,this ternary strategy of utilizing a small-molecule dye to replace the photounstable DIO additive enhanced the operational stability of the OSCs.     

Solving cell formation and task scheduling in cellular manufacturing system by discrete bacteria foraging algorithm

We consider a joint decision model of cell formation and task scheduling in cellular manufacturing system under dual-resource constrained (DRC) setting. On one hand, machines and workers are multi-functional and/or multi-skilled, and they are grouped into workstations and cells. On the other hand, there is a processing sequence among operations of the parts which needs to be dispatched to the desirable workstations for processing. Inter-cell movements of parts can reduce the processing times and the makespan but will increase the inter-cell material handling costs. The objective of the problem is to minimise the material handling costs as well as the fixed and operating costs of machines and workers. Due to the NP-hardness of the problem, we propose an efficient discrete bacteria foraging algorithm (DBFA) with elaborately designed solution representation and bacteria evolution operators to solve the proposed problem. We tested our algorithm using randomly generated instances with different sizes and settings by comparing with the original bacteria foraging algorithm and a genetic algorithm. Our results show that the proposed DBFA has better performance than the two compared algorithms with the same running time.     

Cellular manufacturing system design considering machines reliability and parts alternative process routings

Cell formation is an important problem in the design of cellular manufacturing systems (CMS). Most cell formation methods appeared in the literature assume that each part has one process plan, and all machines are 100% reliable with unlimited capacity. However, this is not realistic in manufacturing systems. Considering machines reliability in addition to machines capacity and machine duplicates during the part route selection process help to obtain better machine grouping and minimum total cost for CMS. Considering these factors in addition to operations sequence and production volumes makes the problem more complex but more realistic. Most of the methods appeared in the literature to solve such problems use mathematical programming procedures that take large amount of computational efforts. Procedures using similarity coefficient method are more flexible in incorporating various important production data and lend easily to computer applications. A new similarity coefficient equation that incorporates all these production factors is developed. Also, a procedure that captures the similarity between machine groups and minimises the total CMS cost is developed. The procedure utilises functional cells to eliminate intercellular moves and achieve ‘one-piece flow’ practise. The methodology is compared with other methods in the literature and found to be more effective.     

利用金属辅助化学腐蚀法在硅表面获得纳米绒面结构以提升多晶硅太阳电池效率

在硅片表面制备绒面结构能够有效降低太阳光在硅片表面的反射损失,是提高太阳能电池转换效率的一条重要途径。通过真空热蒸发法在多晶硅片上沉积纳米银颗粒,利用金属辅助化学腐蚀(MACE)法,制备了不同腐蚀时间下的纳米绒面结构,其中,腐蚀时间为60s的纳米绒面的平均反射率低至4.66%(300~1100nm)。同时,对腐蚀时间为60s的纳米绒面用KOH溶液进行优化处理,将KOH处理前后的多晶硅片采用常规电池工艺进行电池制备研究。对比发现,经过KOH处理后的电池效率比未经KOH处理的电池效率提高了0.43%。     

太阳能电池有机电子传输材料研究新进展

当今能源危机问题日益紧迫,以太阳能为代表的新能源开发成为研究热点。有机半导体材料具有成本低廉、可塑性强、性能优异等特点,因此在太阳能电池领域中具有极大的应用前景。研发性能优异、成本低、稳定性高的有机电子传输材料是太阳能电池研究领域的重要内容。总结了近年来有机电子传输材料的研究进展和发展方向,按照其分子结构分为富勒烯衍生物、大π共轭体系、非π体系、改性材料、碳纳米材料等5类体系,分别介绍了其结构特性,讨论了其在太阳能电池应用中存在的问题及解决方法,综述了该领域的最新研究成果,最后总结了开发新型高效的有机电子传输材料的研究方向。     

CuInS2量子点敏化太阳能电池材料的研究进展

CuInS_2量子点因低毒、良好的光电性能和热电稳定性而成为量子点敏化太阳能电池(QDSSC)极具前景的量子点敏化剂。首先简单介绍了CuInS_2量子点材料的光电性质和QDSSC中CuInS_2量子点的合成,然后重点总结了CuInS_2量子点敏化电极的制备及各电池材料对QDSSC性能的影响,最后指出了该电池目前存在的问题以及对未来的展望。