铁铜铌硅硼非晶与纳米晶磁粉芯性能比较研究

研究了以聚乙烯醇作粘结剂制备的Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9非晶、纳米晶磁粉芯的磁性能。所获结果表明:当制备工艺和测试条件相同时,非晶磁粉芯比纳米晶磁粉芯的相对磁导率(μr)高,它们的中心频率都为10MHz。在10MHz测试条件下,10MPa压力成型的100,160,200目磁粉芯的Q与μr之积,非晶比纳米晶的大;250,300目磁粉芯的Q与μr之积,则纳米晶比非晶的大。     

一类新型高导热环氧模塑料的制备

采用Si3N4陶瓷作填料,制备了一类新型高导热的环氧模塑料,研究了Si3N4的含量、分布及其形态对复合材料的导热性能及介电性能的影响。结果表明:随着Si3N4粉末体积填充量的增加,复合材料的热导率显著提高,当填充量体积分数为60%时,复合材料的热导率达到2.3W/(m·K),其介电常数随体积填充量的增加亦有所增加,但仍然维持在低水平。采用Agari模型进行理论计算的结果表明,该体系导热性能的提高与Si3N4填料之间热传导网络的形成有关。     

锡粒氧化–水热法合成纳米二氧化锡

采用锡粒氧化–水热法,合成了纳米二氧化锡粉体,并用FT-IR,XRD,TEM和DTA等测试手段,对其结构和形貌进行了表征。研究了反应温度、时间、介质及压力对粉体粒度、形貌的影响。结果表明,在180℃水热反应12h,可以得到粒径为4~10nm具有四方相锡石型的二氧化锡粉体;以无水乙醇为反应介质时粒子间的团聚程度明显降低;增大反应压力,颗粒间的团聚程度减小。     

碳点在金属腐蚀防护领域的研究进展

综述了碳点的合成路径、改性方法及其在腐蚀防护领域的应用,重点阐述了碳点作为缓蚀剂及其在自修复、自预警等智能防腐涂层方向应用的国内外最新研究进展。首先,分析和探讨了杂原子掺杂型、有机分子修饰型以及生物质衍生型碳点缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理、优势及不足。其次,介绍了基于碳点的本征和外援自修复涂层、腐蚀预警涂层的设计思路及自修复、自预警机制。最后,提出了碳点在缓蚀剂和智能防腐涂层中应用所存在的问题,并对其未来发展前景进行了讨论。未来应秉持绿色、高效理念,进一步优化碳点的制备工艺,深入研究其在缓蚀、涂层自修复及腐蚀预警中的关键作用,以期早日实现工业应用。     

二甲基硅油在改善电泵润滑油抗泡沫性中的应用

通过向运行电动给水泵的润滑油中加入二甲基硅油,改善了润滑油的抗泡沫特性,消除了电泵运行中产生的大量泡沫,并提出了电泵运行油的抗泡沫特性指标范围。     

A new background subtraction for low-energy EELS core edges

A new three-parameter function is proposed that improves the ‘classical’ power-law function for background subtraction processing at low energy losses in electron energy-loss spectroscopy. The variation of the edge integrals with the width of the pre-edge window Γ is reduced by a factor of at least five (of interest for accurate quantitative analysis), as is the variation in the height of energy-loss near-edge structure. The lower energy limit used for previous background functions has been cut by a factor of two or more. However, the principal advantage of this background function is that the difficulty in the choice of the pre-edge window Γ is removed since the widest possible need only be taken.     

Carbon-Based Materials in Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapies Applied to Tumor Destruction

Within phototherapy, a grand challenge in clinical cancer treatments is to develop a simple, cost-effective, and biocompatible approach to treat this disease using ultra-low doses of light. Carbon-based materials (CBM), such as graphene oxide (GO), reduced GO (r-GO), graphene quantum dots (GQDs), and carbon dots (C-DOTs), are rapidly emerging as a new class of therapeutic materials against cancer. This review summarizes the progress made in recent years regarding the applications of CBM in photodynamic (PDT) and photothermal (PTT) therapies for tumor destruction. The current understanding of the performance of modified CBM, hybrids and composites, is also addressed. This approach seeks to achieve an enhanced antitumor action by improving and modulating the properties of CBM to treat various types of cancer. Metal oxides, organic molecules, biopolymers, therapeutic drugs, among others, have been combined with CBM to treat cancer by PDT, PTT, or synergistic therapies.     

锂离子电池微米级三维多孔硅负极材料合成及性能研究

三维硅已被证明为极具前景的锂离子电池负极材料,然而现有的三维硅负极在循环性能和初始库伦效率等方面存在挑战。采用盐酸刻蚀、镁热还原和表面组装的策略,从天然蒙脱矿土直接制备出微米级的三维多孔硅/二氧化钛(3D pSi@TiO₂)复合材料。结果表明:复合材料具有的三维多孔结构能够提供足够的空隙,缓解了脱-嵌锂过程中发生的体积膨胀,缩短了电子传输和锂离子扩散的路径,有利于锂离子的快速嵌入和脱出并减少极化;与二氧化钛的有效复合,进一步提高了复合材料的导电率及结构的稳定性;3D pSi@TiO₂负极在0.5A·g^-1电流密度下循环200次后,可逆容量高达1 261.19 mAh·g^-1及90.79%的优异容量保持率,同时初始库伦效率可达到80.6%。     

基于夹层氮化硅波导的可见-中红外超连续谱特性研究

提出一种低厚度氮化硅-蓝宝石-氮化硅夹层波导结构。利用其色散波辐射现象和中红外相位匹配条件,结合波导脉冲传输模型,讨论了夹层波导不同物理尺寸对相位匹配点和光谱展宽的影响,数值模拟获得了0.5~4 μm的超连续谱展宽,并且在-40 dB水平下具有更远中红外色散波产生。通过该模型,详细解释了非线性波导脉冲传输的潜在机制。理论模型分析表明,通过优化氮化硅及蓝宝石夹层的物理尺寸,进而改变相位匹配条件,可以在较宽的波长范围内控制色散波的位置。     

溶胶-凝胶结合浇注料的实验室研究

溶胶-凝胶耐火材料与原来的耐火材料相比具有许多优点.通过制作溶胶-凝胶结合浇注料试样的实验,对其进行差热分析和电镜检验分析,研究浇注料物化性能,探讨硅铝胶结合剂的实验室开发,对溶胶-凝胶结合技术在耐火材料上的应用得出初步认识.