谈如何体会记叙要素的运用

体会记叙要素的运用,对品析文章的叙事特色,把握文章的结构层次和思想内容,均有不可忽视的作用。本文对一篇叙事散文的事件要素之运用特点,作了深入具体的分析,并据此概括总结了阅读叙事文章时,体会其记叙要素之运用的一般方法和规律,现实性和针对性较强,对提高记叙文的阅读和写作能力有一定的借鉴作用。     

Narrative and ethnic identity exploration: A longitudinal account of emerging adults’ ethnicity-related experiences.

The purpose in this longitudinal study was to investigate further the link between ethnic identity processes and content through an examination of emerging adults’ narratives of ethnicity-related experiences. Seventy ethnically diverse college students completed an ethnic identity exploration index and told an ethnicity-related narrative on 2 occasions 18 months apart. Results indicated that (a) participants who increased in exploration over time were more likely to change their narrative theme than participants who decreased or remained stable in exploration and (b) these changes were more likely to be to stories of experience of prejudice or connection to culture. This study highlights the costs and benefits of ethnic identity and provides evidence for a linkage between ethnic identity process and content in emerging adulthood. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The promise of multimedia stories for kindergarten children at risk.

This research focuses on the ability of book-based animated stories, when well designed and produced, to have positive effects on young viewers' narrative comprehension and language skills. Sixty 5-year-olds, learning Dutch as a 2nd language, were randomly assigned to 4 experimental and 2 control conditions. The children profited to some extent from repeated encounters with a storybook with static pictures but more from repeated encounters with the animated form of the story. Both story formats were presented on a computer screen; both included the same oral text spoken in the same voice but the animated story was supplemented with multimedia features (video, sounds, and music) dramatizing the events. Multimedia additions were especially effective for gaining knowledge of implied elements of stories that refer to goals or motives of main characters, and in expanding vocabulary and syntax. The added value of multimedia books was strengthened over sessions. In a group from families with low educational levels who were lagging in language and literacy skills, multimedia storybooks seem to provide a framework for understanding stories and remembering linguistic information. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

微粒社会中网状叙事结构与体验设计

目的以数字技术分解—连接的视角,对微粒社会的体验设计与游戏叙事进行关联分析,解析微粒化后体验设计的研究范式转变,为体验设计领域的知识构建和设计实践提供新的路径。方法以游戏叙事结构为研究基础,通过归纳总结进行对比,以Nike运动鞋的3种不同消费体验为案例,研究微粒社会网状结构的体验设计特征。结论微粒社会的体验设计流程将通过量化分析将现实生活中的人、物和事转为数据并重新设计,以数字化加工方式呈现全新的形态,重组新的生产和消费;微粒间相互连接以独特的叙事结构引发新的体验,成为未来体验设计趋势。     

Building a psychoanalytic psychotherapy practice through collaborations with primary care physicians.

Primary care physicians (PCPs) represent an important, and largely untapped, source of referrals for psychoanalysts. Other mental health professionals have built successful relationships with PCPs by adapting their interventions to the rushed, medicalized world of primary care by making treatments short-term and symptom-focused. In contrast, the present article describes a model of collaboration between psychoanalysts and PCPs that does not require a similar compromise of psychoanalytic treatment methods or values. The collaboration is built on the analyst being user friendly to the PCP by being: responsive (return PCP and patient calls the same day), relevant (do not minimize the importance of symptom relief), and responsible (for all referrals received, even if some patients are eventually referred to another clinician). PCPs benefit in this collaboration in that they get help with meeting patient needs. Primary care patients benefit in that they get effective treatment from psychoanalytic psychotherapists who are skilled in listening, understanding and empathizing. Finally, the psychoanalyst benefits from having the opportunity to help an interesting and diverse group of patients using psychoanalytic psychotherapy and psychoanalysis. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

传统故事再创造绘本中叙事的后现代特征表现

目的 分析传统故事再创造绘本中后现代特征的叙事表现情况,为传统故事的传承和发展指出新的方向。方法 以3本年兽传说绘本为例,从文字文本,图像文本以及图标文本等3个方面分析其后现代特征的表现情况。结果 “传统与习惯的崩溃”“互文性”“有趣的字体设计与排版”以及“现实与幻想界限的模糊”等后现代特征已经通过图标文本得以多样化的展现,“元叙述”“游戏性”“非单一线性叙事”“去中心化”的特征也在文字叙事或图像叙事中有所体现,这为传统故事绘本的发展带来了生机与活力。“间界限的突破”“戏仿”“媒材混搭”“反常规的副文本”的特征尚未表现出来,是传统故事再创造领域继续挖掘和开发的空间。结论 目前在绘本中相对明确展现出来的后现代特征,应更加多样化和发展性地运用。那些处于探索阶段以及还未被表现出来的后现代表现技法,应该被积极尝试和大胆运用。利用图文关系叙事的图标文本是表现后现代特征的极佳方式,需要绘本创作者深入研究并灵活运用。     

运河文化转译视角下叙事地图设计研究

目的 通过对运河文化的梳理分析,挖掘运河自身的文化价值,探寻如何利用文化转译方法帮助叙事地图设计更好地进行叙事,并将其应用于设计实践,助力运河文化的传播。方法 从物质层、制度层、精神层三个文化层次对运河文化进行层级分类、整理归纳,依据各层次文化的不同特点,分别与叙事地图设计的叙事主题、叙事场景、叙事语境三个方面相对应,选取最具代表性的文化元素并将其转译为叙事地图设计语言,提出各层次文化的转译流程,展开“津说运河”叙事地图设计实践,设计兼具叙事性与文化性,融合地理信息与人文特色的运河文化叙事地图。结论 基于文化转译方法和叙事设计理念完成的运河文化叙事地图设计,不仅全面地对运河文化进行量化,而且丰富了运河地图种类,还能够有效提升运河文化的可读性,为更好地传承运河文化提供新思路。     

人格化构建逻辑下的虚拟偶像设计研究

目的 虚拟偶像作为重要的未来传播媒介,本文探究其人格化设计路径及构建逻辑。方法 以媒介理论视角介入偶像崇拜演进过程,分析虚拟偶像崇拜的本质,以人格心理学中的需求层次论及情感化设计为框架进行理论拓展,对虚拟偶像人格要素展开剖析及模型构建。采用案例分析法,以市场中30位虚拟偶像为例,从偶像文化实践的动态过程切入对人格要素各维度的对比归纳,由此总结其人格化构建逻辑。结果 提出了基于“形象人格-感知人格-精神人格”的虚拟偶像人格化构成模型,并从造型设计、展演叙事和文化衍生三个层级开展其设计规律的探索。结论 虚拟偶像人格化实际是对“虚拟介质如何保持自我主体性”的关切,其设计需要考量文化、技术与情感的三方关系,不断塑造利于价值认同的偶像角色以期更好地发挥榜样精神。在构建良好偶像文化生态的同时,也为这一面向未来的虚拟文化创意产品提供设计参照与启示。     

虚拟现实技术在博物馆叙事性设计中的应用探索

目的研究博物馆在叙事性设计系统中应用虚拟现实技术,将与藏品相关的故事更好地讲述给观众。方法通过对虚拟现实技术特有的沉浸感、交互性和构想性的解读,从叙事时空、叙事语法及叙事者身份转变等方面,分析虚拟现实技术在博物馆叙事性设计中的特征和优势,同时提出其作为一种新兴技术在应用中的局限性以及应对的新思路。结论虚拟现实叙事性设计给博物馆观众带来更震撼的感官和心理体验以及更自由的选择与想象,其独特的展示方式、强大的整合功能以及技术优越性,改进了叙事性设计逻辑并完善了设计系统,虽然仍然处在叙事性设计应用的探索阶段,但随着虚拟现实产业的蓬勃发展和技术更新,以及博物馆对叙事性设计创新思维和理念的提升,虚拟现实技术在未来博物馆叙事性设计应用中,将延伸与拓展博物馆展示的更大价值和意义。     

Life's little (and big) lessons: Identity statuses and meaning-making in the turning point narratives of emerging adults.

A longitudinal study examined relations between 2 approaches to identity development: the identity status model and the narrative life story model. Turning point narratives were collected from emerging adults at age 23 years. Identity statuses were collected at several points across adolescence and emerging adulthood, as were measures of generativity and optimism. Narratives were coded for the sophistication of meaning-making reported, the event type in the narrative, and the emotional tone of the narrative. Meaning-making was defined as connecting the turning point to some aspect of or understanding of oneself. Results showed that less sophisticated meaning was associated particularly with the less advanced diffusion and foreclosure statuses, and that more sophisticated meaning was associated with an overall identity maturity index. Meaning was also positively associated with generativity and optimism at age 23, with stories focused on mortality experiences, and with a redemptive story sequence. Meaning was negatively associated with achievement stories. Results are discussed in terms of the similarities and differences in the 2 approaches to identity development and the elaboration of meaning-making as an important component of narrative identity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)