Pictures and words: Spanish and English vocabulary in classrooms.

The current study evaluated the relation between Spanish and English vocabulary. Whereas previously reported correlations have revealed strong differences among types of vocabulary measures used and the ages of the students tested, no prior study had used a multilevel model to control for classroom-level differences. The current study used multiple measures of vocabulary—picture vocabulary and narrative production tasks—in multilevel models of 1,300 Spanish-speaking students in 247 kindergarten and 1st-grade classrooms in English immersion and bilingual transitional programs. The current results highlight the need to separate classroom effects from student effects, since for vocabulary measures, student-level correlations were strongly biased toward zero when classroom-level correlations were opposite in direction from student-level correlations. Most important, the current results support a strong distinction between types of vocabulary measure (e.g., picture vs. narrative) and suggest sizable influence of instruction for questions of bilingual performance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reflecting on self-relevant experiences: Adult age differences.

A broad array of research findings suggest that older adults, as compared with younger adults, have a more positive sense of self and possibly a clearer and more consistent sense of self. Further, older adults report lower motivation to construct or maintain a sense of self. In the present study, we examined whether such differences in self-views were reflected in features of older and younger adults’ narratives and narrating practices around recent, self-relevant events. Narratives about self-discrepant and self-confirming events were elicited from a sample of younger (18–37 years of age; n = 115) and older (58–90 years of age; n = 62) adults and were compared for indicators of engagement in self-construction, meanings, and emotionality. Older adults’ narratives contained significantly fewer self-focused pronouns, less present tense, and less emotional language, and they were significantly less likely to articulate and resolve challenges to their self-concepts. These findings, as well as others, are consistent with the idea that older adults are less engaged in self-construction in narrating everyday events, perhaps especially for self-discrepant events. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

CJ Lim/Studio 8 Architects: Through the Looking Glass

CJ Lim is one of architecture’s greatest illustrators, visualising through his beautiful and delicate drawings and models an enchanted world inspired by Lewis Carroll, William Heath Robinson and Chinese fables. Howard Watson describes how Lim is now breaking through the visionary’s glass ceiling with his realisation of a tunnel installation for the Victoria & Albert Museum in London and a project at an altogether different scale for an eco-city in China. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

沉浸式叙事视角下的中华文化数字化传承与传播

目的 对中华文化数字化进程中的沉浸式叙事研究进行综述。方法 以统一媒介论中观念、符号、语境所构成的三元媒介体系为方法,澄清中华文化的沉浸式叙事本质为文化观念的传承与文化符号的传播。其设计核心在于如何在“数字化”语境之下,实现“文化遗产”这一符号的创造性发展与创新性转化。结果 自然与文化遗产在赛博时空中以数字资产形态存在的“数字孪生”,不仅是中华文化元宇宙建构的基本前提,亦可能将成为文化遗产数字化的最终归宿。结论 媒介技术的迭代,正在促使文化遗产逐步向数字资产迁徙;媒介环境的变迁,亦促使沉浸式体验、多模态交互、非线性叙事等设计论题再度浮出水面。而诸般现象的背后,实际皆隐含着两条纵横交织的媒介演化律。     

面向代际叙事的老年情感化产品设计研究

目的 以老年人在代际叙事中的情感价值为导向,提出老年人情感化产品设计方法,以期帮助老年人在代际叙事中获得正向的情感体验。方法 从代际叙事的源情境识别老年人在代际叙事中的情感需求,进行情感采集,通过情感体验活动分析和需求分解,从本能层、行为层和反思层三个层面进行产品设计需求映射,实现产品设计编码,通过整合创新,使老年人在产品使用和产品交互的过程中实现情感解码。结果 以构建的面向代际叙事的老年情感化产品设计模型为基础,从产品外观、产品功能、产品交互、产品内涵四个方面进行的设计实践,验证了提出方法的可行性和有效性。结论 从老年人在代际叙事中的情感体验出发,探讨了面向代际叙事的老年情感化产品设计的方法和路径,所构建的理论和研究方法对老年情感化产品设计具有普遍适用性,可以为相关老年产品设计研究提供借鉴。     

乡村品牌叙事性设计策略研究

目的 通过叙事性设计方法,探究乡村品牌设计的系统化运用策略,并进行案例实证。方法 首先,通过对叙事性设计相关理论进行总结分析,梳理叙事性设计在乡村品牌设计中的应用价值。然后,结合文献分析、案例研究及用户调研等研究方法,构建乡村品牌叙事性设计策略:确立独特的叙事性主题;设置清晰的叙事性结构;融合时空的叙事性途径;设计形象的叙事性视觉。最后,通过“孔美村”乡村品牌设计实践,实证乡村品牌叙事性设计策略的可行性。结论 乡村品牌叙事性设计策略能系统化指导设计实践,助力乡村文化传播,提升用户体验,使“设计”最大化赋能乡村品牌建设,为乡村品牌设计提供新的视角与参考。     

基于民间图案的乡村叙事设计研究

目的 探索民间图案在当今乡土文化中的消解与重构原因,从民间图案的流变试图构建乡村叙事设计的一般方法,从而推动艺术设计介入乡村的路径延展和完善。方法 通过田野调查、案例分析、文献研究和符号学分析等方法。从民间图案的历史性意蕴视野出发,对民间图案现代设计案例中符号变迁和消解原因的方法进行提炼和总结,探讨其在图像叙事中的叙事思路和重构路径。结论 民间图案作为乡土文化的视觉表征,通过设计师对其文化性、艺术性、历史性的价值挖掘以及对文化消解和重构思维的理解与应用,使其成为乡村叙事设计中符号传递的重要核心要素。其对于展现当代乡土文化设计自觉具有重要的启示意义。     

时代记忆:《人民画报》(1950—2015年)封面图像叙事设计

目的《人民画报》以图像的形式记录了中国时代发展的脉络,其封面图像作为时代记忆集成式的视觉语言,起到了传播时代烙印的重要作用。通过人民画报的视觉图像唤起时代的记忆,提升该类型刊物的图像叙事能力和视觉形象,扩大时代记忆图像的传播。方法 收集了《人民画报》1950—2015年共计810幅封面图像作为视觉分析样本,将《人民画报》划为四个阶段,即第一阶段（1950—1965年）继往开来,传播力量;第二阶段（1966—1976年）记录历史,唤醒革命;第三阶段（1977—1998年）改革创新,发展文体;第四阶段（1999—2015年）大国风采,迈向未来。通过图像分析法和文献研究法对摄影图像元素、字体版式与插图布局等维度进行分析。结论 分析得出,社会发展的进程决定了《人民画报》本身的视觉叙事的内容;字体排版方式辅助读者更获取信息,提升读者阅读信息效率;技术的提高促进图像叙事的风格转变,提升叙事空间维度。     

Toward a narra-topography: A pilot study applied to Marguerite Duras' novelModerato Cantabile

Although lexical frequencies are familiar measures of stylistic and thematic analysis, only recently have some stylostatisticians been tempted to investigate the relationship between the frequency and topography of repeated lexical items. In the present paper the authors have turned to the study of the four focal types of discursive narratology, using Marguerite Duras'Moderato Cantabile. Their intent is to uncover aspects of narratological performance which further elucidate the communicative strategies in the story. Part 1 summarizes the problematic between frequency and topography. It describes how a topographical index can be computed for any repeated item and how a Global Topography Index (GTI) can summarize the major topographical characteristics of any text sequence. Part 2 presents a four-cell typology of narrational mode: a segmentation of the verbal chain into narrating and narrated speech acts, with each text sequence tagged according to its discursive function: overt sender intervention for story coherence or comment on the focal level of a narrating present; representation of discrete or unlocalized events on the focal level of a mimeticized past. In Part 3 the focal encodings are displayed in numerical and graphic form, first according to the eight surface chapter divisions and then according to twenty-six subsets of approximately equal length. The fluctuations of the topography indices are reviewed, with particular attention being paid to the manifestation of cluster effects. Although sender interventions predominate, the relativized behavior of each focal type contributes to a climactic unraveling of the intrigue in the final chapters. In conclusion, the authors stress the dichotomy between the calm surface of the chapters and the agitated tensions of the twenty-six subsets.Richard Frautschi, Professor of French at Penn State University, is co-authoring a bibliography of French prose fiction, 1700–1800, and is preparing a book on the theory and practise of quantified discourse focalization.Philippe Thoiron, Professor and Director of the Centre de Recherche en Terminologie et Traduction at the Université de Lyon-2, specializes in quantitative studies of vocabulary (lexical richness and topography of repeated items). He is also engaged in research on languages for specific purposes and terminology.