具有复合埋层的新型SIMON材料的制备

采用氮氧共注入方法制备了新型的 SIMON(separation by implanted oxygen and nitrogen) SOI材料 .采用不同的制备方法分别制作出样品并进行了结构测试和分析 ,发现 SIMON材料的结构和质量对注入条件和退火工艺非常敏感 .并对各种氮氧复合注入技术做了分析和比较 ,发现氮氧分次注入可以得到更好的结构和性能     

船用中速柴油机NOx排放特性试验分析及实船测试探讨

对一台船用中速柴油机进行了NOx台架试验,得出并分析了其试验区域内的NOx排放特性。试验结果表明：柴油机作为船舶主机,在其可能持续运行区域内,按某推进特性运行时NOx受转速影响变化较小,按不同的推进特性运行时NOx变化较大。根据柴油机NOx特性,并结合试航特点,建议在船舶试航时对主机进行NOx实船测试,并以试航工况曲线为基础建立相应的试验循环工况标准。     

柴油机Urea-SCR系统NO_x转化效率影响因素研究

概述了尿素选择性催化还原(Urea-SCR)技术的机理及其基本化学反应。在发动机台架试验的基础上,应用数值计算软件,针对发动机不同工况进行了数值计算,详细分析研究了氨氮比、排气温度及空速对催化转化效率的影响。通过数值计算,得出氨氮比的变化对氮氧化物(NOx)转化效率的影响规律,可快速确定柴油机指定工况下的NOx最大转化效率,将氨泄漏量控制在最低范围内;随着排气温度升高,NOx转化效率呈先升高后下降的趋势;随着空速的增大,转化效率有所降低,且变化程度随着排温的变化而有所不同。。     

FERMENTATION OF WORTS MADE FROM 100% RAW SORGHUM AND ENZYMES

Worts made from raw sorghum and enzymes were successfully fermented even though the level of FAN present (51 mg/l) is well below that essential for fermentation of wort made from malted barley. Changes in typical fermentation parameters such as specific gravity, pH uptake of free amino nitrogen (FAN) and ammonium ions mirrored the increase in yeast cell concentration. Yeast viability remained high throughout the fermentation. Under identical fermentation conditions, malted barley worts showed typical fermentation profiles. However, malted barley worts with specific gravity maintained by the addition of D-glucose, but in which the FAN was diluted to a level similar to that found in a wort made from sorghum and enzymes, fermented more slowly and failed to attenuate fully. Five consecutive fermentations, using yeast cropped from the preceding to pitch the current fermentation were conducted. The specific gravity profiles were essentially the same in all five fermentations. Final values of pH, yeast in suspension, yeast viability and FAN were also indistinguishable. The yeast crop taken from fermentations of worts made from raw sorghum and enzymes represented a 5-fold increase over the initial pitching rate. When compared to commercial beers, the beers derived from fermentation of worts made from raw sorghum and enzymes contained lower levels of ethyl acetate, and higher levels of both 2- and 3-methyl butanol. In the beers derived from sorghum, isobutanol was always less than 20% of the total higher alcohol concentration.     

DETERMINATION OF SOLUBLE NITROGEN BY SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

A simple spectrophotometric method for the determination of nitrogen in unhopped wort has been tested by the EBC Analysis Committee and accepted for inclusion in Analytica-EBC. The spectrophotometric method is intended as a quick method for routine quality control. It is emphasized that the procedure has to be followed in detail and that the precautions stated under Notes on Procedure are most important. The average precision values obtained for the range 600 to 850 mg/litre were r₉₅=30 and R₉₅ = 104.     

Effects of storage time and chemical preservatives on the total volatile basic nitrogen content in chilean mackerel (Trachurus murphy) prior to fish meal production

Total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) as a measure of protein degradation and total microbial counts or stored raw mackerel (Trachurus murphy), which had been treated with chemical preservatives, were compared with the TVB-N and microbial counts of untreated fish. In unpreserved fish, decomposition of fish protein was rapid. Treatment of mackerel with acetic (1000-5000 μg kg^?1), which was the most effective of the parameters studied, approximately halved the rate of increase in TVB-N compared with the untreated samples. Changes in the total microbial counts presented a similar trend.     

Al(H_2PO_4)_3和H_3PO_4改性AlN粉末的研究

采用机械球磨法,以Al(H2PO4)3和H3PO4为改性剂,制备了具有较高抗水解能力的AlN粉末,研究了改性AlN粉末在水基球磨过程中的稳定性。通过XRD,FT-IR,SEM,TG-DSC和氮含量测定对改性前后AlN粉末进行了表征。改性AlN粉末在60℃水中浸泡24h后,其w(N)为32.97%,且其XRD谱中未发现Al(OH)3相,其抗水解能力得到显著提高。改性AlN粉末在水中高速球磨16h后,其w(N)约为32%,AlN悬浮液的pH值约为6,说明改性AlN粉末在水中球磨过程中具有较好的稳定性。     

氮气退火对锑掺杂氧化锡薄膜近红外阻隔性能的影响

采用射频磁控溅射的方法,用96at％SnO2/4at％Sb2O3陶瓷靶在玻璃表面制备了锑掺杂氧化锡(ATO)薄膜.研究了溅射功率、压强和后退火对薄膜近红外阻隔性能的影响,并采用Uv-Vis-NIR透射光谱、霍尔效应测试仪、XRD和SEM等设备对薄膜的性能和结构进行了测试和分析.结果表明,室温沉积的ATO薄膜近红外透光率较高,但在氮气中退火后,不同溅射压强和溅射功率下沉积的ATO薄膜的近红外透光率均显著降低.在氧含量为10％、压强为1.4Pa、溅射功率为200W时,室温下沉积的ATO薄膜在氮气中500℃下退火1h后,550nm处透光率由80.9％升高至85.8％,2 000 nm处透光率由84.6％下降至23.0％.     

SIMOX埋氧层的总剂量辐射硬度对埋氧层中注氮剂量的敏感性

为了提高SIMOX(separation-by-implanted-oxygen)SOI(silicon-on-insulator)结构中埋氧层(BOX)的总剂量辐射硬度,埋氧层中分别注入了2×1015和3×1015cm-2剂量的氮.实验结果表明,在使用Co-60源对埋氧层进行较低总剂量的辐照时,埋氧层的总剂量辐射硬度对注氮剂量是非常敏感的.尽管埋氧层中注氮剂量的差别很小,但经5×104 rad(Si)剂量的辐照后,注入2×1015cm-2剂量氮的埋氧层表现出了比未注氮埋氧层高得多的辐射硬度,而注入3×1015cm-2剂量氮的埋氧层的辐射硬度却比未注氮埋氧层的辐射硬度还低.然而,随辐照剂量的增加(从5×104到5×105rad(Si)),这种埋氧层的总剂量辐射硬度对注氮剂量的敏感性降低了.采用去掉SOI顶硅层的MOS高频C-V技术来表征埋氧层的总剂量辐射硬度.另外,观察到了MSOS(metal-silicon-BOX-silicon)结构的异常高频C-V曲线,并对其进行了解释.     

选择性催化还原烟气脱硝过程数学模拟研究

SCR烟气脱硝反应过程数学模型是催化反应器设计、运行控制的基础。进行了SCR烟气脱硝反应的实验研究,考察了有关参数对脱硝性能的影响,获得了脱硝性能与这些参数之间关系的定量数据;根据SCR烟气脱硝反应过程的有关机理,建立了SCR烟气脱硝反应过程的数学模型,该模型采用Eley-Rideal机理模型作为催化剂表面反应动力学模型,并考虑了催化剂壁内的传质。对利用SCR烟气脱硝宏观反应数据推算模型中的化学反应动力学参数的方法进行了研究,用小型实验数据推算了模型中的化学反应动力学参数。数学模型采用有限差分法求取数值解,数值模拟结果与实验结果符合良好,说明模型是合理的。