学习邓小平、江泽民关于小康和小康社会的思想

本文阐述了邓小平关于“小康”和“小康社会”的思想和江泽民对于这一思想的继承和创造性发展。着重从理论和实际的结合上 ,分析了宁波市全面建设小康社会的各种有利条件。认为只要正确把握新世纪新阶段宁波发展面临的新形势 ,聚精会神搞建设 ,一心一意谋发展 ,宁波全面建设小康社会、提前基本实现现代化的目标就一定能实现     

The Scientific Attack on Brown v. Board of Education, 1954-1964.

Psychologists' work was cited in the Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education (1954). One criticism of the citation was that psychology could be used to overturn the Brown decision and return the country to segregation. A historical examination of such an attempt to overturn Brown in the early 1960s on the basis of new psychological knowledge shows that psychology was not persuasive in the face of the civil rights movement. The failure of segregationists to overturn Brown with psychological experts underscores how psychology is ineluctably bound to the larger society. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Smart cyber society: Integration of capillary devices with high usability based on Cyber–Physical System

The recent development in the field of embedded devices, such as sensors, actuators, and smartphones, etc. is providing a great business potential towards the new era of web of things (WoT); in which all the capillary devices (electronic devices) are capable of interconnecting and communicating with each other over the Internet. Therefore, web technologies provide a way towards integrating and sharing a common communication medium. However, for integrating Cyber–Physical System (CPS) and WoT, a comprehensive architecture and platform is still missing. Therefore, this paper proposes the concept of Smart Cyber Society; propelling the concept of smart home. We then propose the virtual communication platform that is composed of six functional communication layers, which provides a common medium for communication, i.e., same communication language. In addition, a system architecture for smart cyber society is also proposed, which consists of three networked domains, such as cyber home domain (networked-home), cyber society domain (networked of various societies, i.e., hospitals, police station, and fire brigade), and cyber mobile domain (networked of vehicles). Furthermore, the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed system are implemented on Hadoop single node setup on UBUNTU 14.04 LTS core^TMi5 machine with 3.2 GHz processor and 4 GB memory. Sample medical, sensory datasets and fire detection datasets are tested on the proposed system. Finally, the results show that the proposed system architecture efficiently processes, analyzes, and integrates different datasets efficiently and triggers actions to provide safety measurements for elderly age people, vehicles and others.     

吉林省社会经济发展代价探析——以十二五期间经济发展为例

随着改革开放的深入,尤其是在振兴东北老工业基地政策提出后,吉林省的经济得到巨大的发展。在进入十二五后,吉林的经济与社会进入了发展的快车道。吉林经济规模不断扩大,人均可支配收入增加,经济结构不断改善。但是在飞速发展的背后,经济和社会也付出了巨大的代价,环境破坏,资源开采,人们收入差距扩大等等问题给吉林的发展增加了巨大的包袱。以十二五期间为例,对吉林的经济社会的发展代价进行研究和分析。     

Bridge over broadway

Abstract

In the middle of the 19th century, traffic congestion on the streets of New York City's commercial districts was, as it remains today, a major problem. Getting around town was especially difficult for pedestrians. Numerous solutions to ease the situation were proposed. One popular idea that had been discussed for years was finally tried in 1867. A bridge for pedestrians was built spanning the intersection of Broadway and Fulton Street in the heart of crowded lower Manhattan. Officially called the Broadway Bridge it became more commonly known as the ‘Loew Bridge’ after City Alderman Charles E. Loew, a major proponent of the project. As successful and practical as the bridge might have been it was removed a year following its erection. Its short life has been attributed to Knox, the famous hatter, who, with a store on one corner of the intersection and competition all around him, apparently felt it was a deterrent to business. According to one newspaper account, a sign was hung on the bridge just before its demolition that read, ‘This bridge has been Loew for some time, Hard Knox killed it.’     

Smart dispatching for energy internet with complex cyber‐physical‐social systems: A parallel dispatch perspective

Energy internet (EI) is a complex coupled multienergy system; it is essential to investigate its multienergy dispatching optimization issues. To this end, this paper first proposes a novel conception of smart dispatching for EI with a complex cyber‐physical‐social system (CPSS) network from the perspective of parallel dispatch, called parallel dispatching robot (PDR), and investigates the implementations of PDR based on smart artificial society (SAS) modeling. First, we introduce EI and describe the dispatching issues of EI. Second, we discuss several important concepts supporting the parallel dispatch conception of EI, including knowledge automation (KA), CPSS, and parallel machine learning (PML). On the basis of these, we elaborate the concept of parallel dispatch. Moreover, we construct a large closed‐loop feedback control framework of parallel dispatch for EI integrating a CPSS network based on KA and PML. Third, we establish an experimental platform for PDR research based on the proposed parallel dispatch framework. Fourth, we develop the PML‐based SAS models of a single PDR in centralized dispatching modes and group PDRs in decentralized dispatching modes to achieve crowd wisdom emergence and performance improvement in current cyber‐physical system frameworks of EI. Moreover, we design an external global closed loop for PDR to evaluate its operation stability. Lastly, we conduct a detailed discussion on PDR and offer some prospects for its engineering implementations. The biggest innovation of this paper lies in systematically proposing the smart dispatching concept and framework for complex CPSS‐based EI from the perspective of parallel dispatch and thoroughly investigating how to use SAS modeling to implement parallel dispatching and control for EI considering human and social factors, which is a major extension and theoretical improvement to existing single smart wide area robot concept and a preliminary attempt in investigating a shift from Energy 4.0 to Energy 5.0 in China.     

PUBLIC OPINION,TRADITION, AND INFORMATION HALF-LIFE†

The information needs of a complex society are not met by an information-flow technology invented and developed in traditional societies. This article provides a theoretical framework derived from modern systems theory by which to understand the technology of public opinion policy formation in guidance operations of a complex society. Qualitative models of information flow systems are presented together with a discussion of the kind of society each information flow technology produces. Three are considered: tradition-based information-flow societies, managed information-flow societies (Utopian and elitist), and cybernetic issue-based information-flow societies.     

江苏沿海滩涂开发优化的动力机制研究

江苏沿海滩涂开发具有悠久的历史,但是传统的滩涂开发模式已经不能适应江苏省"强富美高"的发展新理念,现有的滩涂开发模式亟需优化升级。经过对由经济发展、生产方式变革、自然环境等要素构成的滩涂优化开发内源动力以及由科技创新、资金保障、政策制度等要素构成的外源动力进行分析,并对其连续动力机制进行深入研究,发现滩涂开发在其内外源动力的共同作用下可以逐步缓解人地矛盾,实现经济效益和富民的效应;但是开发与环境之间互为影响,甚至可能与环境美的目标相反。研究结果表明:在滩涂开发过程中,应坚持生态优先、绿色发展,加强政府引导、理顺机制,注重高新产业、科技投入,围绕临海能源、绿化造林,只有这样才能推动滩涂开发动力机制不断正向循环,实现经济社会的可持续发展。     

Spatial practice,conceived space and lived space: Hong Kong’s ‘Piers saga’ through the Lefebvrian lens

By applying the Lefebvrian lens, this paper tries to understand why unlike previous similar cases, the latest removal of the Star Ferry and Queen’s Pier was so controversial. To Lefebvre, embedded in ‘spatial practices’ that ‘secrete’ a place are two contradicting spaces: ‘conceived spaces’ produced by planners to create exchange values and ‘lived spaces’ appropriated by citizens for use values. Applying Lefebvre’s framework to examine the ‘Piers saga’, it is found that the pre‐Second World War (WWII) piers were ‘conceived’ by spatial practices of a colonial and racially segregated trading enclave. The public space in the commercial heart that housed the previous generations of piers was not accessible to the Chinese community, thus denying them opportunities to appropriate them and turn them into ‘lived’ spaces. It was only after WWII when the Government carried out further reclamation to meet the needs of an industrializing economy that inclusive public spaces were conceived in the commercial heart, enabling the general public to ‘appropriate’ them as ‘lived’ space. When the Government planned to remove this very first ‘lived’ space in the political and economic heart of the city to conceive further reclamation for the restructuring economy, the more enlightened citizens were determined to defend it.     

1912—1949年中国科技界体制初探

1912年"中央学会"的建立,标志着中国科技界形成。从此中央政府一直通过相关机构对科技界进行有效管理。20世纪20年代末成立了附属于南京国民政府大学院的中央研究院,后为国民政府直辖,科技体系由此慢慢壮大。1949年中央研究院留大陆部分成为中国科学院的主体。由此可见,中国科技界是在政府主导下产生的,不是由中国传统文化自发形成,因此,科学研究必须借助政府和市场的力量,成为建设新型文化的出发点。