Bionic Adaptive Thin-Membranes Sensory System Based on Microspring Effect for High-Sensitive Airflow Perception and Noncontact Manipulation

Recently airflow sensors based on mechanical deformation mechanisms have drawn extensive attention due to their favorable flexibility and sensitivity. However, the fabrication of highly sensitive and self-adaptive airflow sensors in a simple, controllable, and scalable method still remains a challenge. Herein, inspired by the wing membrane of a bat, a highly sensitive and adaptive graphene/single-walled nanotubes-Ecoflex membrane (GSEM) based airflow sensor mediated by the reversible microspring effect is developed. The fabricated GSEM is endowed with an ultralow airflow velocity detection limit (0.0176 m s⁻¹), a fast response time (≈1.04 s), and recovery time (≈1.28 s). The GSEM-based airflow sensor can be employed to realize noncontact manipulation. It is applied to a smart window system to realize the intelligent, open, and close behaviors via a threshold control. In addition, an array of airflow sensors is effectively designed to differentiate the magnitude and spatial distribution of the applied airflow stimulus. The GSEM-based airflow sensor is further integrated into a wireless vehicle model system, which can sensitively capture the flow velocity information to realize a real-time direction of motion manipulation. The microspring effect-based airflow sensing system shows significant potentials in the fields of wearable electronics and noncontact intelligent manipulation.     

蜜胺纸板激光测厚系统设计

针对被测产品蜜胺纸板,基于差动测距理论开展蜜胺纸板测厚系统设计研制工作。提出了一套非接触式在线测厚系统的设计与实现方案,阐述了该系统的基本组成,介绍了输送装置、检测装置等的结构。制作样机并在工厂进行实际测试应用,证实系统的精度与可靠性等满足工厂的实际需求。     

高参数密闭容器液位非接触测量装置

研究了利用γ射线穿透方法进行高参数容器液位连续测量的可行性。介绍了仪表的工作原理，结构设计，分析了误差对测量结果的影响，给出了提高测量精度和检测距离的方法。     

基于微波技术的织物含水率测量方法

文章介绍了微波技术在纺织品水分测量中的应用,对其湿度测量原理进行了分析。设计出一种基于微波的非接触式织物含水率的测量系统。并以PLC为处理器对织物的含水率进行了测量。同时用传统的称重法对织物的含水率进行了测量。通过对实验数据的处理,拟合出了不同织物含水率的拟合直线,并对实验中所出现的误差进行了分析。实验结果表明,该系统对于棉麻布,牛仔布和细棉布含水率的有效测量范围分别在30～50%,30～55%,35～70%。并且棉麻布的测量误差最小,并且在±1%以内。     

Noncontact Measurements of Thermophysical Properties of Molybdenum at High Temperatures

Four thermophysical properties of both solid and liquid molybdenum, namely, the density, the thermal expansion coefficient, the constant-pressure heat capacity, and the hemispherical total emissivity, are reported. These thermophysical properties were measured over a wide temperature range, including the undercooled state, using an electrostatic levitation furnace developed by the National Space Development Agency of Japan. Over the 2500 to 3000 K temperature span, the density of the liquid can be expressed as _L(T)=9.10×10³–0.60(T–T _m) (kg·m^–3), with T _m=2896 K, yielding a volume expansion coefficient _L(T)=6.6×10^–5 (K^–1). Similarly, over the 2170 to 2890 K temperature range, the density of the solid can be expressed as _S(T)=9.49×10³–0.50(T–T _m), giving a volume expansion coefficient _S(T)=5.3×10^–5. The constant pressure heat capacity of the liquid phase could be estimated as C _PL(T)=34.2+1.13×10^–3(T–T _m) (J·mol^–1·K^–1) if the hemispherical total emissivity of the liquid phase remained constant at 0.21 over the temperature interval. Over the 2050 to 2890 K temperature span, the hemispherical total emissivity of the solid phase could be expressed as _TS(T)=0.29+9.86×10^–5(T–T _m). The latent heat of fusion has also been measured as 33.6 kJ·mol^–1.     

Polystyrene spheres on mica substrates: AFM calibration, tip parameters and scan artefacts

Atomic force microscopy (AFM), in various versions, has had major impact as a surface structural and spectroscopic tool since its invention in 1986. At its present state of development, however, the interpretation of AFM images is limited by the current state of methodologies for calibration over the wide dynamic range of magnification. Also, the parameters of individual tips, as well as the generic characteristics of different kinds of tips, affect both the quality of the images and their interpretation. Finally, the very nature of the tip-to-surface interaction will generate artefacts, in addition to those associated with tip shape, which need to be fully understood by the practitioners of force microscopy. This project seeks to address and shed light on some of these issues. Polystyrene beads deposited on mica substrates form hexagonal close-packed layers. The unit cell parameters are suitable for calibration of the AFM in the lateral plane, while the perpendicular spacing of the layers is appropriate for calibration along the vertical axis. Using different size fractions, it is straightforward to determine the extents of linearity, orthogonality, thermal and instrumental drifts over distances from 100 nm to tens of micrometres. The present results show that the methodologies for contact mode operation can be adapted to noncontact modes. It is known that an AFM image arises from a convolution of surface topography and tip shape, and is mediated by the interaction. In principle it is possible to carry out a deconvolution, if we have complete knowledge about two of the three elements (i.e. tip, surface and interaction). In practice we rarely have the requisite information. Prominent artefacts will occur when the characteristic parameters of the tip are comparable to those of the surface topography, and/or if there is a variable strength, or extent of localization, of the interaction. The present results demonstrate artefacts due to effects of geometry as well as interaction.