一种轮组结构的爬楼梯轮椅的设计

针对普通轮椅不具有爬楼梯的功能,设计了一种轮组结构的爬楼梯轮椅。该爬楼梯轮椅结构紧凑,操作方便,工作可靠,采用轮组结构的演变实现爬楼梯功能,利用滚轴滑轨机构进行座椅调平,并对其越障、跨沟和爬楼梯的运动过程进行了分析。结构表明该轮椅有较强的越障能力和路面适应性。     

The Vahm Robotized Wheelchair: System Architecture and Human-Machine Interaction

In the smart wheelchair field the research problematics consists in applying methods coming from mobile robotics to navigation assistance for people with motor disabilities. In this paper we detail the constraints and the specificities of this application. From this study we deduce the need to obtain a cooperation between the human operator and the machine in order to achieve a mobility task. To illustrate this purpose, we describe a mobile robot architecture which facilitates task and information sharing and trading between man and machine.     

引信RS422总线全双工通讯装定方法

针对引信RS485总线半双工串行通讯装定时,引信控制器需要不断改变控制口线电平状态使引信接收数据或发送数据,易出现总线冲突和遗漏数据现象,提出了引信RS422总线全双工通讯装定方法.该方法采用微控制器控制高速RS422接口芯片同弹载设备进行全双工异步通讯,接收武器平台信息,返回引信状态信息,收发独立.通过滑窗式算法判断和接收数据包;通过总线分时复用完成多引信装定.测试验证表明：该方法装定速度快、抗干扰能力强、可靠性高.     

Operation state observation and condition recognition for the control of power-assisted wheelchair

A wheelchair is a mandatory device for people with mobility problems. Typical wheelchairs are maneuvered by muscular forces transmitted to wheels. Such wheelchairs, however, are physically demanding in various conditions, e.g., uphill or step. For this purpose, electric wheelchairs have been developed and commercialized for enhancement of the maneuverability and safety of people with muscular weakness. Such systems involve complete human–machine interaction, and thus it is necessary to accurately observe the physical state and the environmental condition in real-time. For this reasoning, a sensor-fusion method and a decision making algorithm for the complete observation of the physical states of the wheelchair and the detection of the operation conditions are introduced in this paper. The physical states to be observed include the wheel speed, the pitch angle and the external forces, which are the most important physical quantities for the control of a power-assisted wheelchair (PAW) system in daily-life conditions. For the acquisition of such information, multiple motion sensors (i.e., encoders, gyroscopes and accelerometers) are utilized and intelligently fused. Then the estimated physical quantities are further processed in real-time in order to detect the environmental conditions. The proposed methods are all verified by experiments in this paper.     

Three-way catalyst emissions control technologies for spark-ignition engines—recent trends and future developments

Exhaust gas emissions from passenger cars with traditional gasoline engines have been markedly reduced over the three decades since the introduction of catalysts. The first oxidation catalysts were superseded by two-catalyst three-way systems that were followed by single three-way catalysts (TWCs). The first Pt/Rh-based TWCs formulations were refined by incorporating increasingly thermally stable ceria-based components to keep the surface composition close to stochiometric during exhaust gas composition fluctuations. Substituting Pd for Pt gave further improvement in some applications, as can zoning catalyst type or loading on a single substrate. Optimisation of cell density, geometric area, and thermal capacity of the substrate provided additional benefits. Modern advanced TWCs are very thermally stable so they can be mounted directly on the exhaust manifold. Here, with a rapid engine start-up strategy catalyst operating temperatures are quickly achieved after the engine is started. As a result extremely low emissions can be achieved, and computer models are used to predict the performance of different catalyst loadings and layouts. This is a powerful tool in the design of TWC systems for new engines/vehicles to predict what will be optimal, and today high performance from relatively very low PGM loadings is possible, in spite of increasingly stringent tailpipe emissions limits and distances over which they must be maintained. Now the performance of TWCs is monitored during actual on road driving, and this is done via measurement of the catalyst oxygen storage capacity.     

Sensory and Chemical Characteristics of Selected Gulf of Mexico Coastal Herring Species

Gulf of Mexico coastal herrings may become an important alternative fisheries resource for U.S. commercial fisherman. Effects of on board handling on sensory characteristics of chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) and rough scad (Trachurus lathami) were investigated. Proximate and fatty acid composition of chub mackerel, rough scad, round scad (Decapturus punctatus), round herring (Etrumeus teres), and silver rag (Ariomma bondi) were determined to provide nutritional and product formulation data. Chub mackerel and rough scad had similar sensory characteristics found in other commercial species, which, with proper on board handling, could be maintained during frozen storage. Proximate and fatty acid compositions of the fish varied by species, season, and year.     

保护车载接收机的无线电骚扰测量技术改进

GB 18655—2002的最新修订版即将发布,对新版本标准的试验频率范围、检波器的使用、本底噪声、线束长度的选择、绝缘支撑物的选择、测量探头的位置等测量技术进行分析,提出保护车载接收机的无线电骚扰测量技术应该实施的改进建议。     

爬楼梯轮椅发展及关键技术的研究

介绍了国内外爬楼梯轮椅的研究进展,从机械结构设计和控制系统设计两方面论述了制约其面向实用推广的关键技术问题,并对其未来的发展趋势进行了展望。     

基于LEON3的中央控制器设计及EDAC功能实现

针对目前空间机器人中央控制器运行速度较低、实时控制性弱等缺点,设计了基于LEON3处理器核的中央控制器,用做空间机器人控制的初步研究。同时,为了解决太空环境中电子控制系统中存储器易出现单粒子翻转效应(SEU)的问题,设计了一种基于Hsiao码的EDAC电路,以实现"纠一检二"(SEC-DED)的基本功能。使用VHDL语言描述该EDAC功能,使其兼容LEON3的AM-BA2.0总线,通过仿真试验验证了电路的可靠性。     

Dual-bridge LLC-SRC with extended voltage range for deeply depleted PEV battery charging

This paper proposes a dual-bridge LLC series resonant converter with hybrid-rectifier for achieving extended charging voltage range of 50–420 V for on-board battery charger of plug-in electric vehicle for normal and deeply depleted battery charging. Depending upon the configuration of primary switching network and secondary rectifier, the proposed topology has three operating modes as half-bridge with bridge rectifier (HBBR), full-bridge with bridge rectifier (FBBR) and full-bridge with voltage doubler (FBVD). HBBR, FBBR and FBVD operating modes of converter achieve 50–125, 125–250 and 250–420 V voltage ranges, respectively. For voltage above 62 V, the converter operates below resonance frequency zero voltage switching region with narrow switching frequency range for soft commutation of secondary diodes and low turn-off current of MOSFETs to reduce switching losses. The proposed converter is simulated using MATLAB Simulink and a 1.5 kW laboratory prototype is also built to validate the operation of proposed topology. Simulation and experimental results show that the converter meets all the charging requirements for deeply depleted to fully charged battery using constant current-constant voltage charging method with fixed 400 V DC input and achieves 96.22% peak efficiency.