浅谈嵌入式操作系统在航天领域中的应用

基于对国内星载软件现状的分析,阐述了引入嵌入式操作系统对系统性能的影响,并介绍了几种典型的嵌入式实时操作系统(RTOS),总结了在航天领域中选用操作系统的几点原则,最后通过比较4种典型的嵌入式实时操作系统,探讨了航天领域中选用哪种实时操作系统较适合。     

模糊控制技术在智能轮椅避障中的应用

本文简单介绍了超声传感器的工作原理。并用多个超声波传感器来获取环境信息,得到障碍物的距离和方向的信息,然后基于模糊控制技术对这些信息进行数据融合,从而实现智能轮椅的安全避障。     

基于头势的人机交互系统研究

近年来,肢体残疾人数增长迅速,为了改善他们的生活质量和生活自由度,从方便且易于残疾人使用的角度出发,提出了一种利用头势来控制轮椅的方法。首先根据肤色信息找到人脸区域,然后利用AdaBoost算法在人脸区域找到鼻子。再根据计算鼻子区域的质心在整个画面上的位置信息识别头部姿态,从而达到控制轮椅运动的目的。实验结果表明,该方法可以准确的识别头部姿态,平均识别率达到了89.55%,同时具有较快的检测速度,且操作便易。     

Real-time configurable SS/TDMA equipment for second generation french telecommunications satellite project

This paper describes new on-board equipment built around a microprocessor and controlled by earth through a specialized link. It drives in real-time a 4 × 4 microwave switch matrix (MSM) for operation in satellite-switched time division multiple access (SS/TDMA). The system is designed to evaluate SS/TDMA performances when (i) frame and multiframe durations are changed, (ii) the switch states sequence which controls the MSM is updated in real-time. Another specific feature of this versatile equipment is the possibility to modify upon earth request the program run by the microprocessor to be able to carry out further experiments.     

Wheelchair for physically disabled people with voice,ultrasonic and infrared sensor control

This paper describes a wheelchair for physically disabled people developed within the UMIDAM Project. A dependent-user recognition voice system and ultrasonic and infrared sensor systems has been integrated in this wheelchair. In this way we have obtained a wheelchair which can be driven with using voice commands and with the possibility of avoiding obstacles and downstairs or hole detection. The wheelchair has also been developed to allow autonomous driving (for example, following walls). The project, in which two prototypes have been produced, has been carried out totally in the Electronics Department of the University of Alcalá (Spain). It has been financed by the ONCE. Electronic system configuration, a sensor system, a mechanical model, control (low level control, control by voice commands), voice recognition and autonomous control are considered. The results of the experiments carried out on the two prototypes are also given.     

Wheelchair Guidance Strategies Using EOG

This paper describes an eye-control method, based on electrooculography (EOG), for guiding and controlling a wheelchair for disabled people; the control is actually effected by eye movements within the socket. An eye model based on an electrooculographic signal is proposed and its validity is studied. Different techniques and guidance strategies are then shown with comments on the advantages and disadvantages of each one. The system consists of a standard electric wheelchair with an on-board computer, sensors and a graphic user interface run by the computer. This control technique could be useful in multiple applications, such as mobility and communication aid for handicapped persons.     

室内环境中脑控轮椅的路径跟踪控制

为了实现室内环境中脑控轮椅的自主导航,提出了一种简单有效的路径跟踪控制方法;给定的路径通常被表示为一系列离散点,根据这一特点,提出了分段直线路径跟踪方法,即依次跟踪由前后两个路径点构成的直线路径到达目标点;基于预瞄点技术并结合模糊算法和传统的PID控制方法设计控制器,完成各分段直线路径的跟踪,并给出了有效的切换条件;实验结果表明,文章提出的路径跟踪控制方法能够使脑控轮椅在室内环境中精确地跟踪给定路径.     

基于车载网络的标准化动车组单车试验装置设计

针对标准化动车组单车调试过程中各工序试验工装之间缺乏协同性、调试效率低的问题,设计了一种单车试验装置。该装置以车载通信网络为基础,可与数字化调试平台及其他智能化工装设备之间进行数据交互,实现动车组单车试验的系统化与智能化。文中介绍了装置的总体功能,并对硬件结构和软件功能实现进行了详细描述。现场测试结果表明：该装置能够满足标准化动车组单车调试要求,可有效地优化调试工艺流程,在减少调试工人数量投入的同时,可大大缩短动车组生产周期、降低运营成本、提高生产效率和质量。     

电动轮椅车电磁兼容测试方法解析

当前,我国电动轮椅车的电磁兼容试验执行国家标准GB/T 18029.21-2012。文章从电动轮椅车的测试模式、测试要求和符合性判断等方面对标准内容进行了梳理与解读,并针对轮椅车的特殊性,结合相关测试实例对标准内容加以分析和说明。     

基于OBD的汽车数据采集及捕获系统设计

通过车载诊断系统（ OBD）连接汽车的CAN总线,采集车辆实时数据,同时捕获总线传输的报文数据。采用MCP2515和TJA1050搭建两路CAN模块电路,一路CAN节点发送汽车状态信息请求,并通过OBD接口接收汽车返回的信息;另一路CAN节点处于接收模式,识别数据帧格式,接收所有CAN总线上传输的数据。该系统扩展了车载诊断系统接口的外部应用。应用的汽车协议为支持OBDII CAN的ISO15765－4。两模块由MCU控制,收发的数据通过外接RS232串口显示。结果显示,系统实现了汽车数据的采集及捕获。