一种新型有机非线性光学材料的光折效应及其产生机理

本文介绍了一种新近研制的光折聚合物。实验表明，除去吸收和反射，入射光束经聚合物后的第一布拉格衍射效率高达８６％，材料也显示出双光束耦合的净增益高于２４０ｃｍ＾－１。这些结果表明，这种新型研制的光折聚合物材料是替代无机光折晶体的实用材料。     

基于逻辑器件的可编程增益放大器设计

本文介绍了可编程增益放大器设计的方法。它主要由控制电路、放大电路、显示电路三大模块组成。该系统性能好、成本低、工作可靠,具有一定的工程应用价值,经测试表明,该设计基本上达到了设计的要求。     

NH4SCN从ROH-CTMAB-C12H26载金有机相中反萃金

研究了硫氰酸铵（NH4SCN）从混合醇（ROH）－十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTMAB）－正十二烷（C12H26）载金有机相中反萃金，考察了平衡时间，PH值，反萃剂浓度，温度等因素对反萃率的影响及有机相的循环使用，绘制了反萃等温曲线，结果表明，NH4SCN对金具有较高反萃率，可顺利实现金的反萃。     

饮用水中天然有机物的分析与表征方法

天然有机物(NOM)是一类分布广泛、成分复杂的有机混合物,可严重影响饮用水的处理效率,并可能对出水水质产生严重的不利影响。因此,为了改进和优化饮用水的处理过程,在研究和实际应用阶段对NOM进行表征和定量以了解其结构特性和反应性具有重要意义。文中先对NOM的富集方法进行了介绍,接着梳理了不同分离方法的依据及作用,最后总结了各类表征方法的原理及应用,以期有助于对NOM和饮用水处理的深入研究。     

Mobile learning in chemical engineering: An outlook based on case studies

In the context of the electronic learning (E-learning) methodology, mobile learning (M-learning) focuses on the use of portable technology (such as mobiles or tablets) and the mobility of students. E-learning, and particularly M-learning, can be implemented in combination with other pedagogical methodologies for chemical engineering teaching and learning. We can consider that the vast majority of undergraduates own personal mobile devices nowadays. Moreover, many case studies have shown that M-learning is an effective methodology to capture students’ attention and to actively engage them in the learning process. In most cases, lecturers have reported an improvement in both academic performance and qualifications and have expressed a favourable opinion towards this type of initiative in surveys. In line with the increasing interest in the incorporation of E-learning, this review discusses cases studies based on M-learning within the field of chemical engineering teaching through different technological platforms and apps which can be installed or directly used on mobile devices. All the platforms described in this work offer a free version, emphasizing the possibility of extending this methodology within the university with no need for additional economic resources.     

Room-Temperature Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries Using Metal Organic Framework Composited Comb-Like Methoxy Poly(ethylene glycol) Acrylate Solid Polymer Electrolytes

Solid polymer electrolyte with good thermal stability and flexibility is an excellent candidate for solid-state lithium metal batteries, while its low ionic conductivity caused by high crystallinity limits its application at ambient temperature. Here a metal organic framework (zeolitic imidazolate framework-8, ZIF-8) composited comb-like methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) acrylate polymer electrolyte (MCPE) with high ionic conductivity (9.96 × 10⁻⁵ S cm⁻¹ at 30 °C) is prepared by an in situ UV polymerization method. The as-prepared MCPE exhibits improved mechanical property due to the introduction of porous ZIF-8 nanofillers, which is beneficial to suppress the growth of lithium dendrites. Consequently, the LiFePO₄||MCPE||Li cells show a high capacity of 116 mAh g⁻¹ at 30 °C and 0.5 C, and maintain 89.4% of initial capacity after 150 cycles with the average Coulombic efficiency of 99.9%. These results demonstrate that the MCPE shows great potential in solid-state lithium metal batteries near room temperature.     

纳米粉及添加剂对压电陶瓷材料性能的影响

采用高能球磨法研磨出PZT-5纳米粉料，添加外购的纳米有机添加剂，按照传统的固相工艺法制备出了压电陶瓷材料，研究分析纳米粉料和纳米有机添加剂对压电陶瓷性能的影响。通过测试分析可以看出，纳米压电粉料与纳米有机添加剂的综合作用，降低了材料的烧结温度、相对介电常数εr,Qm值和以d31，提高了压电应变常数d333，从而压电电压常数g33、gh、dh成倍提高，这些对制作宽带、高灵敏度的换能器是很有好处的。     

铸件内析出性气孔形成及演化的直接观察与分析

采用透明模型合金实时观察了铸件析出性气孔的形成发展,结果发现,纯物质凝固时,析出性气孔的产生发生于凝固型壳形成之后,随着凝固自型壁向中心凝固,呈现自周边向中心的气条生长。对于合金凝固,析出性气孔在凝固基本完成之后伴随着热裂及缩松的发生开始产生,呈现一定的偏聚现象。浇注前熔体过热度的提高将使析出性气孔更加密集,铸型和环境温度的降低有利于降低气孔的数量及分布范围,采用真空除气,可有效地抑制析出性气孔的产生和热裂缩松缺陷的形成。     

Polynitroalcohols obtained through nitro aldol reaction between nitro oligomers and C1‐C2‐aldehydes

Polynitroalcohols (PNA) were obtained by A_N‐reaction of nitro oligomers from ground waste rubbers (NO‐GWR) with C₁‐C₂‐aldehydes in presence of organic bases triethanolamine, triethylamine and cyclopropylamine. The A_N‐reaction was studied at temperatures from 30 to 50°C, time 4 h, and NO‐GWR : aldehyde = 1 : 0.5/2.0 mass ratios in the solution. PNA were characterized by elemental analyses, such as ¹H NMR spectra, IR spectroscopy—baseline method with internal standard and thermal analyses. The quantitative functional composition of PNA (%NO₂, %C?O, and %OH groups) was proved to be similar to the composition of PNA obtained from model butadiene–styrene nitro oligomer (BSNO). It was concluded that NO‐GWR could replace NO based on elastomers in nitro aldol reaction with formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3241–3250, 2006     

气相色谱法测定有机化合物的蒸发热

本文用气相色谱测定了多种烷烃、芳烃、醇类和酯类的蒸发热。结果表明,测定数据与文献数据基本一致,误差一般在±5%以内。是一种简单、快捷的测定方法。