Metal-Organic Framework Thin Films Grown on Functionalized Graphene as Solid-State Ion-Gated FETs

The unique properties of 2D-materials like graphene are exploited in various electronic devices. In sensor applications, graphene shows a very high sensitivity, but only a low specificity. This shortcoming can be mastered by using heterostructures, where graphene is combined with materials exhibiting high analyte selectivities. Herein, this study demonstrates the precise deposition of nanoporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) on graphene, yielding bilayers with excellent specificity while the sensitivity remains large. The key for the successful layer-by-layer deposition of the MOF films (SURMOFs) is the use of planar polyaromatic anchors. Then, the MOF pores are loaded with ionic liquid (IL). For functioning sensor devices, the IL@MOF films are grown on graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs). Adding a top-gate electrode yields an ion-gated GFET. Analysis of the transistor characteristics reveals a clear Dirac point at low gate voltages, good on-off ratios, and decent charge mobilities and densities in the graphene channel. The GFET-sensor reveals a strong and selective response. Compared to other ion-gated-FET devices, the IL@MOF material is relatively hard, allowing the manufacturing of ultrathin devices. The new MOF-anchoring strategy offers a novel approach generally applicable for the functionalization of 2D-materials, where MOF/2D-material hetero-bilayers carry a huge potential for a wide variety of applications.     

Metal Single-Site Molecular Complex–MXene Heteroelectrocatalysts Interspersed Graphene Nanonetwork for Efficient Dual-Task of Water Splitting and Metal–Air Batteries

Development of multifunctional electrocatalysts with high efficiency and stability is of great interest in recent energy conversion technologies. Herein, a novel heteroelectrocatalyst of molecular iron complex (Fe_MC)-carbide MXene (Mo₂TiC₂T_x) uniformly embedded in a 3D graphene-based hierarchical network (GrH) is rationally designed. The coexistence of Fe_MC and MXene with their unique interactions triggers optimum electronic properties, rich multiple active sites, and favorite free adsorption energy for excellent trifunctional catalytic activities. Meanwhile, the highly porous GrH effectively promotes a multichannel architecture for charge transfer and gas/ion diffusion to improve stability. Therefore, the Fe_MC–MXene/GrH results in superb performances towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline medium. The practical tests indicate that Zn/Al–air batteries derived from Fe_MC–MXene/GrH cathodic electrodes produce high power densities of 165.6 and 172.7 mW cm⁻², respectively. Impressively, the liquid-state Zn–air battery delivers excellent cycling stability of over 1100 h. In addition, the alkaline water electrolyzer induces a low cell voltage of 1.55 V at 10 mA cm⁻² and 1.86 V at 0.4 A cm⁻² in 30 wt.% KOH at 80 °C, surpassing recent reports. The achievements suggest an exciting multifunctional electrocatalyst for electrochemical energy applications.     

Unveiling the Synergy of Interfacial Contact and Defects in α-Fe2O3 for Enhanced Photo-Electrochemical Water Splitting

Photo-electrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a promising method for converting solar energy into clean energy, but the mechanism of improving PEC efficiency through the interfacial contact and defect strategy remains highly controversial. Herein, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and oxygen vacancies are introduced into α-Fe₂O₃ nanorod (NR) arrays using a simple spin-coating method and acid treatment. The resultant oxygen vacancy–α-Fe₂O₃/rGO-integrated system exhibits a higher photocurrent, four times than the pristine α-Fe₂O₃. It is well evidenced that the electronic interface interaction between α-Fe₂O₃ and rGO is boosted with the oxygen vacancies, facilitating electron transfer from α-Fe₂O₃ to rGO. Moreover, the oxygen vacancies not only create interband states in α-Fe₂O₃ that can trap photogenerated holes and thus facilitate charge separation but significantly also strengthen the adsorption of oxidative intermediates and reduce the energy barrier of rate-determining step during oxygen evolution reaction (OER). This study demonstrates an rGO–oxygen vacancy synergistic interfacial contact and defect modification approach to design semiconducting photocatalysts for high-efficiency solar energy capture and conversion. The generated principle is expected to be extendable to another material system.     

基于石墨烯超表面天线的太赫兹动态相位调控及波束扫描

太赫兹波频段介于毫米波和红外光之间,具有诸多优异特性,太赫兹天线更是太赫兹通信、雷达和成像等应用系统中的核心元器件。然而,目前报道的太赫兹天线均无法满足较大动态范围的相位扫描、高效率辐射和大偏转角度的需求。该文设计了 3 种石墨烯太赫兹天线,最小尺寸为 5 μm,并对其辐射效率和相位调控特性进行研究,进而提出具有双共振模式的石墨烯-金属太赫兹超表面天线,缓解了传统的基于单共振模式的相位动态调控范围和辐射效率之间的矛盾,实现了 0～360°的动态相位调控,且辐射效率高于 20%。该研究采用微加工工艺进行样品加工,通过改变栅极电压,在实验上获得了 1.03 THz 的太赫兹动态相位调控,反射率高于 23%,与仿真结果基本吻合。在此基础上,该文基于连续相位编码设计了石墨烯超表面相控阵天线,理论上实现了太赫兹波束在－25°～25°范围内的实时波束偏转。该文为解决超表面相控阵天线的相位动态调控范围小、辐射效率低等难题提供了新的研究思路。     

石墨烯及石墨烯场效应管的辐照效应研究进展

石墨烯由于高迁移率、高导热性、柔韧性好和机械强度高等优异性能使其成为构筑新型纳米电子器件的重要材料,已成为电子信息、生物医学、显示等领域的研究热点。当石墨烯材料及其电子器件放置于含有辐照因素的场景中时,会因为与高能光子和带电粒子等相互作用而改变晶格结构或积累电荷,使石墨烯材料及电子器件的性能发生变化。本文主要综述了典型辐照因素对石墨烯及器件的主要效应及研究进展,旨在总结不同辐照在石墨烯及其电子器件中引发的物理效应,归纳其微观-宏观性质变化,为加深石墨烯材料及器件的辐照效应的理解,推动其在辐照场景中的实际应用奠定基础。     

谐振器加载石墨烯的双通带可调滤波衰减器设计

石墨烯材料在微波段的阻抗可控特性是其最有价值的应用特性之一。文中首次分析了石墨烯对微带 多模谐振的影响机理,提出了一种集成滤波衰减功能为一体的灵活可控器件。首先,对不同位置加载石墨烯的微带双 模谐振器进行了严格的等效电路建模,通过奇偶模分析法及输入导纳参数计算,探究了双模谐振受石墨烯阻抗及其加 载位置的影响,明晰了石墨烯材料对微波谐振器的影响。随后设计了动态可调的滤波衰减器并阐述了石墨烯材料在谐 波控制上的潜在应用点。最后,采用不同尺寸的双模谐振器进行石墨烯加载并完成双通带幅度独立可控的滤波衰减器 的设计,仿真与实测结果吻合良好,验证了阻抗可控石墨烯材料在可调微波衰减类器件上的应用前景。     

Electrochemical stripping features of graphite and its products characterization

A stable dispersion in mixed solvent of water and N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) of graphene was synthesized by one-step electrochemical approach. Here we demonstrate about electrochemical stripping graphite to prepare graphene influence by different electrolytes. The physical and chemical properties of the stripping product had been characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) . The characteristic results of XRD showed that it could improve the efficiency of graphite stripping when H₂SO₄ was used as electrolyte mother liquid and amount of HNO₃ was doped in electrolyte; XPS and FTIR results indicate that the electrochemical stripping products preserve the intrinsic structure of graphene. The results of SEM and TEM shown that the surface morphology of the as-prepared graphene was folded lamellar structure and have good transparency;its thickness varies from 0.8 nm to a few nanometers.     

Graphene-Au nanoparticle based electrochemical immunosensor for fish pathogen Aphanomyces invadans detection

Epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) that is primarily caused by an invasive oomycete fungus Aphanomyces invadans is a devastating fish disease. Rapid diagnosis of EUS is significantly important for the control and treatment of this highly invasive disease. In our study, a label-free immunosensor constructed with G-AuNPs/SAM-Ab-BSA/GCE was proposed for the determination of Aphanomyces invadans. The electrode was prepared by the immobilization of anti-mycelium antibodies on graphene-AuNPs nanocomposite-cysteamine monolayers modified GCE. The optimized parameters were as follows: 90 min as the immersion time of SAM modified electrode in the anti-mycelium solution, 0.20 µg/mL as the concentration of anti-mycelium solution and 10 min as the interaction time of immunoreaction. The immunosensors exhibited low limit detection of 309 ng/mL and good reproducibility.     

Ultrathin Co3O4 nanosheets highly dispersed on reduced graphene oxide: An efficient bi-functional catalyst for Li-O2 battery

Ultrathin Co₃O₄ nanosheets grown on the reduced graphene oxide (Co₃O₄/rGO) was synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method and was investigated as a cathode in a Li-O₂ battery. Benefited from the synergistic effect between Co₃O₄ and rGO, the hybrid exhibits a high initial capacity of 10,528 mAh g^?1 along with a high coulombic efficiency (84.4%) at 100 mA g^?1. In addition, the batteries show an enhanced cycling stability and after 113 cycles, the cut-off discharge voltage remains above 2.5 V. The outstanding performance is intimately related to the high surface area of rGO, which not only provide carbon skeleton for the uniform distribution of Co₃O₄ nanosheets but also facilitate the reversible formation and decomposition of insoluble Li₂O₂. The results of electrochemical tests confirm that the Co₃O₄/rGO hybrid is a promising candidate for the Li-O₂ batteries.