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71.
T. MATTILA-SANDHOLM T. ALI-VEHMAS G. WIRTANEN U. RÖNNER M. SANDHOLM 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》1991,26(3):325-336
Automated monitoring of the microbiological quality of heat-processed foods by the resazurin reduction test was applied to microtitration plate incubator-fluorimeter technology. The appearance and disappearance of the fluorescing peak of resorufin was monitored on microtitration trays. Pasteurized or ultra-high temperature-treated starch-based soup was used as the model food system. Bacillus subtilis spores (ultra-high temperature treatment) and vegetative cells of Enterococcus faecalis (pasteurization) were inoculated into the soup before the heat treatment at levels which resulted in some survival. The timing of appearance of maximum fluorescence correlated with the number of bacteria in pre-incubated samples. Automated resazurin-reduction fluorimetry was compared with conventional plating, turbidometry and microcolony count by the direct epifluorescent filter technique. The results of the resazurin test correlated well with those of all the other methods tested. Fluorimetry had the advantage that the results could be read within 1–5h and the reproducibility was superior to the other methods. 相似文献
72.
73.
《稀有金属材料与工程》2006,23(1):32-34
叙述了用红外吸收法对钛及钛合金中氧和氢联合测定的方法,取得了测定的最佳条件。连续测定6次的相对标准偏差在10%以下,作加标回收试验的回收率为95.6%~103.9%。分析时间在3min以内,可应用于日常分析,结果满意。 相似文献
74.
Vinit D. Makwana L. Javier Garces Jia Liu Jun Cai Young-Chan Son Steven L. Suib 《Catalysis Today》2003,85(2-4):225-233
Manganese oxides having a tunnel structure (OMS-2) have been utilized as selective catalysts for alcohol oxidation. In this study manganese oxide catalysts were synthesized in different media and modified by exchanging the tunnel cation by H+, using acid treatment or exchanging with NH4+ followed by thermolysis. Various alcohol oxidations were performed using these catalysts to ascertain the influence of synthesis method on their activity. A correlation is made between lattice oxygen instability and activity of the catalysts, which indicates involvement of the lattice oxygen in the mechanism. The exchange of the tunnel cation with the smaller H+ ions leads to weakening of the Mn–O bond, as verified by temperature programmed desorption (TPD) results. Only the chemisorbed oxygen on the surface (O−) and the lattice oxygen in the layers close to the surface is involved in the oxygen transfer during the reaction. 相似文献
75.
76.
77.
Oxygen Tracer Diffusion in Vitreous Silica 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Joseph D. Kalen Rethia S. Boyce James D. Cawley 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1991,74(1):203-209
Oxygen diffusion in vitreous silica glass is studied using the gas exchange technique. The tracer concentration profiles are consistent with a model based on two mechanisms, one network and the other interstitial. These processes are coupled through limited network–interstitial exchange. Nuclear reaction analysis and secondary ion mass spectrometry techniques are performed and compared. These results are compared to experiments on transport in thin silica films grown on single-crystal silicon. 相似文献
78.
In the pulp and paper industry, during major modernization projects the overall energy system consequences are often not estimated in detail, usually only local energy consequences are taken into account when evaluating possible projects. In this paper, the effects on the overall energy system when installing an advanced delignification process (i.e., a “state‐of‐the‐art” pulp digester and oxygen delignification process) will be presented. Also, the effect such an installation has on the potential for further energy integration is discussed. Furthermore, the CO2 consequences for both installing such a system and integrating the mill further energy‐wise are presented. 相似文献
79.
A. Demoz C. Khulbe C. Fairbridge S. Petrovic 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2008,38(6):845-851
Hydrogen is among the emerging energy vectors that are being developed to replace nonrenewable hydrocarbon energy sources.
The preferred method to produce hydrogen without generating greenhouse gases is the electrolysis of water using renewable
energy. The reduction of energy during the water electrolysis process is a desirable goal regardless of the source of electric
power. Similar to ferrous/ferric mediation, iodide can be used as a mediator in the electrolysis of an acidic suspension of
coke or coal. The iodide ion is oxidized at a far lower anodic potential than the alternative oxygen evolution reaction. This
reduces the cell electrolysis voltage and, consequently, reduces electricity use. The iodide consumed at the anode is continuously
regenerated by chemical reaction with the coke/coal in suspension. 相似文献
80.
A different newly designed cationic exchange polymer membrane and anionic exchange polymer membrane were introduced, and also the transport properties of these polymeric membranes were investigated in this study. The transport properties of these polymer membranes in contact with ferrocene redox derivatives were estimated by using electrochemical techniques such as cyclicvoltammetry, chronopotentiometry, and chronoamperometry techniques, respectively. The used ferrocene redox substances, which have different functional groups, were (Ferrocenylmethyl) trimethylamonium iodide, FcMA, Ferrocenedimethanol, FcDM, and Ferrocene carboxylic acid, FcCA. It indicated that the performance of a membrane depended on the content of polymer gel, anionic exchange polymer site (20 wt % and 50 wt %) or cationic polymer exchange site (20 wt % and 50 wt %), and the efficiency of the functional groups of cationic and anionic exchange polymer site as well. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献