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21.
A model is presented for drying of a single porous particle with superheated steam and humid air. Experimental data for spherical porous ceramic particle reported in the literature were used for the validation of the model. An inversion temperature at which the evaporation rates within superheated steam and humid air are equal was predicted. The effect of thermophysical properties of the particle (permeability 10-14 - 10-17 m2, diameter 3 × 10-3 - 10 × 10-3 m) and operating variables (gas mass flux 0.26 - 0.78 kg m-2 s-1, drying agent temperature 120-200°C) is tested. The inversion temperature is shown to be affected by the thermophysical properties of the porous particle and of the drying agent. 相似文献
22.
L. M. CRUZ-ORIVE 《Journal of microscopy》2005,219(1):18-28
A new principle is presented to generate isotropic uniform random (IUR) test lines hitting a geometric structure in three-dimensional space (3D). The principle therefore concerns the estimation of surface area, volume, membrane thickness, etc., of arbitrary structures with piecewise smooth boundary. The principle states that a point-sampled test line on an isotropic plane through a fixed point in 3D is effectively an invariant test line in 3D. Particular attention is devoted to the stereology of particles, where an alternative to the surfactor method is obtained to estimate surface area. An interesting case arises when the particle is convex. The methods are illustrated with synthetic examples. 相似文献
23.
Heidi Bernas Arie J. Plomp Johannes H. Bitter Dmitry Yu. Murzin 《Catalysis Letters》2008,120(1-2):8-13
The density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP) calculations were applied to investigate the interaction of a Pt6 particle with the ZSM-5 zeolite framework. The electronic structure of the metal particle is strongly affected by the interaction with basic framework oxygens and acid sites of the zeolite support. Adsorption on basic sites (Eads = 6 kcal/mol) favors the formation of the electron enriched metal cluster. Interaction of the platinum cluster with the acid site characterized by stabilization energy of 47 kcal/mol results in oxidation of the metal particle and suppression of Brønsted acidity of the support. The hypothesis is put forward that the oxidized platinum particle can function as an active site for the alkane isomerisation on platinum supported high silica zeolites. 相似文献
24.
M. Jayasankar 《Materials Letters》2007,61(3):790-793
Formation of aluminium titanate (AT) has been achieved at low temperature through sol-gel process using boehmite and titanium hydroxide as precursors by controlling the particle size at nanoscale followed by in-situ peptisation. The formations of AT phase, particle size distributions, sintering and thermal expansion characteristics, and microstructural features have been reported. DTA and XRD analysis have been performed to confirm the formation of AT. A 94% relative density was obtained for aluminium titanate sintered at 1550 °C with controlled grain size in the range of 2-3 μm. 相似文献
25.
26.
影响铁精矿K2O、Na2O、SiO2含量的因素分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
郭相玲 《冶金标准化与质量》2003,41(1):9-12
用统计分析方法 ,分析了影响精矿K2 O、Na2 O、SiO2 含量的因素 ,并根据分析结论提出了对生产工艺进行定向控制的条件 相似文献
27.
《Particulate Science and Technology》2007,25(1):77-89
The removal of particulate contamination is a critical issue for many manufacturing processes. It is particularly critical to the electronics industry in which small pieces of microscopic debris remaining after chemical mechanical planarization (cmp) using submicron polishing particles can cause device failure. One way to enhance particle removal following the cmp process is to utilize surfactants. Recent research has shown ways to model the effect of surfactants on enhanced particle removal. However, previous research has not demonstrated the effect of ionic strength on enhanced particle removal associated with surfactant use. Past research has also not shown the combined effects of ionic strength and surfactant concentration on enhanced particle removal using surfactants. This article summarizes the parameters affecting particle removal, and it provides data and analysis on the effect of ionic strength as well as the combined effects of ionic strength and surfactant concentration on particle removal following cmp processing. 相似文献
28.
Local Exact Particle Tracing on Unstructured Grids 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
For analyzing and interpreting results of flow simulations, particle tracing is a well established visualization method. In addition, it is a preliminary step for more advanced techniques such as line integral convolution. For interactive exploration of large data sets, a very efficient and reliable particle tracing method is needed. For wind channel experiments or flight simulations, large unstructured computational grids have become common practice. Traditional approachs, based on numerical integration methods of ordinary differential equations however fail to deliver sufficiently accurate path calculation at the speed required for interactive use. In this paper we extend the local exact approach of Nielson and Jung in such a way that it can be used for interactive particle tracing in large data sets of steady flow simulation experiments. This will be achieved by sophisticated preprocessing using additional memory. For further visual enhancement of the streamline we construct an implicitly defined smooth Bézier curve that is used for ray tracing. This allows us to visualize additional scalar values of the simulation as attributes to the trajectory and enables the display of high‐quality smooth curves without creating any visualization geometry and providing a good impression of the spatial situation at the same time. ACM CSS: I.3.3 Computer Graphics—Line and curve generation; I .3.7 Computer Graphics—Raytracing; G.1.2 Numerical Analysis—Spline and piecewise polynomial approximation 相似文献
29.
机械合金化过程中Fe70B30粉末晶粒尺寸和微观应变的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用X射线和电镜研究了Fe_(70)B_(30)粉末经不同时间高能球磨后晶粒尺寸和微观应力的变化。在机械合金化过程中,粉末的X射线衍射谱的宽度随球磨时间的增加逐渐加宽,这是晶粒细化和内部微观应力共同作用的结果。X射线衍射结果表明:随着机械合金化的进行,粉末的晶粒尺寸逐渐减小,球磨初期晶粒尺寸下降较快,经15h球磨,晶粒尺寸为25nm,机械合金化进行到一定时间后晶粒尺寸下降缓慢,80h球磨后晶粒尺寸可达5nm。在机械合金化过程中球磨所造成的微观应变不大,球磨初期粉末的内应力随球磨时间增加而增加,当粉末粒子尺寸很小时,随球磨的进行粉末中的微观应变显著下降。 相似文献
30.
Mgidi Donald Dlamini 《Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells》1996,43(4):353
In this paper results on surface photovoltage (SPV) and electron beam induced conductivity (EBIC) studies of edge-defined film-fed growth (EFG) and floating zone (FZ) silicon solar cell materials (both p-type) are presented. A systematic comparison based on minority carrier diffusion length and carrier recombination is made between: (i) samples contaminated with Ti and/or Fe, (ii) samples gettered by phosphorous diffusion, and (iii) as-received samples. Deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) measurements, together with the iron-boron (FeB) pairing kinetics [1] have successfully been used to detect the presence of Fe in the samples. Even though this process is effective in revealing Fe impurities in p-type FZ silicon it is evidently not suitable for Fe identification in p-type EFG silicon. Ti, like Fe, is found to be a prominent lifetime-limiting metallic impurity in both EFG and FZ silicon. Phosphorous diffusion is proven to be an effective external gettering technique for fast-diffusing impurities such as Fe, but not for Ti. 相似文献