老挝南欧江梯级水电站二期厂房生活给水系统设计

水电站厂房生活给水系统应能够可靠、高效地为厂内工作人员提供满足要求的生活用水。老挝南欧江梯级水电站二期厂区附近均无可用的市政供水管,无法依靠市政供水系统为厂区提供生活用水。以老挝南欧江梯级水电站二期厂房生活给水系统设计为例,提出了针对远离城镇,无市政供水情况下,水电站厂房生活给水系统的设计思路、设计方案、设计的要点及难点。     

Turbulent Details Simulation for SPH Fluids via Vorticity Refinement

A major issue in smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) approaches is the numerical dissipation during the projection process, especially under coarse discretizations. High‐frequency details, such as turbulence and vortices, are smoothed out, leading to unrealistic results. To address this issue, we introduce a vorticity refinement (VR) solver for SPH fluids with negligible computational overhead. In this method, the numerical dissipation of the vorticity field is recovered by the difference between the theoretical and the actual vorticity, so as to enhance turbulence details. Instead of solving the Biot‐Savart integrals, a stream function, which is easier and more efficient to solve, is used to relate the vorticity field to the velocity field. We obtain turbulence effects of different intensity levels by changing an adjustable parameter. Since the vorticity field is enhanced according to the curl field, our method can not only amplify existing vortices, but also capture additional turbulence. Our VR solver is straightforward to implement and can be easily integrated into existing SPH methods.     

Transport properties of critical dilute solutions

On the basis of the isomorphism of critical phenomena, the behavior of transport properties of binary mixtures in the vicinity of the vapor-liquid critical line is considered. In particular, the renormalization of the singularity of the thermal conductivity in dilute critical solutions has been analyzed in detail. It is shown that the behavior of the thermal conductivity is determined by the critical background, i.e., the fluctuation-induced regular part, which diverges at the critical point of a solvent.     

基于种群多样性的自适应PSO算法求解VRPSPD问题

为有效求解逆向物流车辆路径(VRPSPD)模型,本文提出一种基于种群多样性的自适应PSO算法(SDAPSO)。在SDAPSO运行时,根据种群多样性,自适应地对种群中运行较差的粒子进行扰动操作,提升这些粒子向最优解收敛的能力;同时,对全局最优粒子进行概率扰动,以增加种群的多样性。标准检测函数的仿真结果表明SDAPSO算法是对基本PSO算法的有效改进。在对VRPSPD模型求解中,通过与其它粒子群算法相比,表明SDAPSO是求解该类问题的一种有效方法。     

浅谈GPS导航系统在油田运输管理中的应用

我油田地处华北东部,随着油田不断发展,对外承包业务愈来愈多。道路营运车辆也日益增多,营运范围也逐渐扩大,给道路运输经营管理与车辆合理调度工作提出了新的要求,而全球卫星定位系统的发展为道路运输管理的有效指挥、协调控制和管理提供了技术支持。本文结合GPS系统的原理,探讨GPS系统在油田运输管理中的应用。     

Photovoltaic effect and carrier transport mechanisms in Hg1-Mnxtdiodes

Hg_1-xMn_xTe semiconducting semimagnetic alloy has been examined in the context of its possible applications in infrared detectors. For analysis of detector properties the intrinsic carrier concentration has been calculated as a function of temperature and crystal composition. The starting material was In-doped Hg_1-xMn_xTe grown by the modified Bridgman method. The as-grown crystals with manganese content of 12-19% were p-type with carrier concentration and mobility of 100 cm²/ Vs at 77 K. An-type layer was formed on the surface by the annealing process in saturated Hg-vapour at 270-320° for 2 hrs. Capacitance-voltage curves have C^-3 dependence on applied voltage indicating that the junction is linearly graded. From standard electrical measurements and spectral characteristics the main detector parameters were determined and compared to those of Hg_1-xCd_xTe devices. The influence of material properties on detector parameters was analyzed. In order to estimate the carrier transport mechanisms, differential resistivities and current-voltage curves were measured over a wide range of temperaturesi.e. 25 to 300 K. From the temperature dependence of the R₀A product, it was established that at high temperatures (150-300 K) the carrier transport is dominated by a recombination-generation mechanism. In low temperature region the excess current at forward bias is probably attributed to carrier tunneling via energy states distributed randomly within the forbidden gap. At reverse bias the leakage surface or volume currents dominate in the carrier transport.     

Optimization algorithm for ultra-sparse arrays in regional energy focusing

The setting of ultra-sparse arrays is one of key factors for the performance of regional energy focusing.This paper focuses on one of its typical applications:Precision Electronic Warfare by UAV,and proposes an optimization algorithm for ultra-sparse arrays to maximize the performance of regional energy focusing.First,we establish the joint optimization model of the interference waveform and the positions of elements.Second,particle swarm optimization (PSO) is adopted to iterate the positions of elements.Then,the target value of the subproblem is solved for the fitness criterion,as the current array is known in each step of the iteration.Finally,we get the optimal solution of the interference waveform and the ultra-sparse array by this method.Numerical results indicate that the algorithm can optimize the array effectively,and improve the indicators of regional energy focusing obviously.Whether the localization errors of elements exist or not,the algorithm provides a better performance than existing algorithms which only design the interference waveform.     

Adaptive simulated annealing particle swarm optimization algorithm

Particle swarm optimization is widely used in various fields because of the few parameters to be set and the simple calculation structure.In order to improve the optimization speed and accuracy of the PSO,and to avoid falling into the local optimal solution,an adaptive simulated annealing PSO is proposed,which uses the hyperbolic tangent function to control the inertia weight factor for nonlinear adaptive changes,uses linear change strategies to control 2 learning factors,introduces the simulation annealing operation,set a temperature according to the initial state of the population,guide the population to accept the difference solution with a certain probability according to the Metropolis criterion,and ensure the ability to jump out of the local optimal solution.To verify the effect of the algorithm proposed in this paper,7 typical test functions and 5 algorithms proposed in the literature are selected for comparison and testing.According to the average value,standard deviation and number of iterations of the optimization results,the algorithm proposed in this paper has greatly improved the iteration accuracy,convergence speed and stability so as to overcome the shortcomings of particle swarm optimization.     

强度传输方程和神经网络融合的三维重构算法

针对原有强度传输方程法所恢复的相位精度不够精确的缺点,提出强度传输方程和神经网络融合的三维重构算法. 利用强度传输方程求解出物体不同角度的初始相位,利用神经网络算法进行优化,根据不同角度的最终恢复相位结合乘法技术重构出三维体信息. 该算法具有精度高的特点,可以为三维成像技术的应用提供参考. 对于实验中的示例图像,该算法将强度传输方程得到的相位误差从21.40%降低为5.26%,重构三维物体与模拟真实物体的相关程度为显著相关.     

基于离散单元法的锥形双螺杆输送及混合机理分析

锥形双螺杆挤出机结构模型与其他普通螺杆挤出机相差很大且构成独特,近年来在聚合物加工行业中发挥了很大的作用。设计螺槽深度与螺杆半径比为1∶2、2∶5、1∶3的三种锥形双螺杆挤出机,通过离散单元法模拟了锥形双螺杆挤出机挤出LDPE、HDPE两种颗粒的过程,分析了锥形双螺杆挤出机螺槽内颗粒速度的变化,同时在不同参数下对三种锥形双螺杆挤出机的输送效率进行了比较。利用EDEM软件对LDPE和HDPE颗粒进行离散元分析,得出不同时刻两种颗粒在三种锥形双螺杆挤出机内的混合情况。结果表明,螺槽深度与螺杆半径比为1∶2的锥形双螺杆挤出机的混合效率优于螺槽深度与螺杆半径比为2∶5、1∶3的锥形双螺杆挤出机。