统一光滑反应谱及其在地震动合成中的应用

为改进目前抗震设计加速度反应谱的精度和统计特征在不同周期段有所差异以及由此合成的地震动的低阶谱在频谱特性方面不够真实等问题,基于相对位移反应谱线性模型及其与高阶谱的关系,提出采用唯一函数形式表示的统一光滑加速度反应谱,在此基础上提出兼顾位移谱特性的人工地震动合成方法.数据分析结果表明统一光滑谱具有形式简单、各周期段精度均较高等优点,由此生成地震动信号能够更综合准确地满足加速度谱、速度谱和位移谱的频谱特性需求,精度较高.统一光滑反应谱在函数形式、多阶谱、弹塑性谱精度及多维性等方面具备统一性,可以应用于结构抗震分析及地震动合成.     

Preparation and spectral analysis of gold nanoparticles using magnetron sputtering and thermal annealing

Gold(Au) nanoparticles were prepared on Au-fi lm-coated K9 glass and silicon substrates by direct current(DC) magnetron sputtering and thermal annealing treatment. The effects of substrate material, annealing temperature, and time on morphologies of Au nanoparticles were investigated, and the formation mechanism of Au nanoparticles was discussed. The experimental results indicate that silicon substrate is more suitable for the formation of Au nanoparticles. On a silicon substrate, Au nanoparticles formed with good spherical shapes at temperature over 700 ℃. It was also found by spectral analysis that the fi eld enhancement factor of the island-shaped Au particles was smaller than that of the granular Au particles; the better the spherical shape as well as the smaller the size and spacing of Au particles, the higher the light absorption rate; the absorption peak had a red shift with increasing particle size and spacing.     

双核稀土配合物Gd_xSm_(1-x)(TTA)_3phen的制备及发光性能

合成了系列钆钐双核稀土有机配合物GdxSm1-x(TTA)3phen(x=0~0.9).红外光谱(IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、热重(TG)结果推测了配合物可能的分子结构;紫外可见光谱(UV/vis)结果表明,该系列稀土有机配合物能有效的吸收紫外光,吸收峰主要来自于有机配体TTA和phen(270nm和351nm处);荧光光谱(FS)结果表明,Gd3+对于Sm3+具有荧光增效,当Gd3+的摩尔分数为0.6时,Gd0.6Sm0.4(TTA)3phen类配合物的特征荧光(562nm,596nm和643nm处)强度均达到最大.     

Atmospheric CO2 retrieval with a look-up-table based method by combining near and thermal infrared spectra

In order to precisely retrieve the atmospheric CO2 , a retrieval method based on both near infrared （NIR） and thermal infrared （TIR） is established firstly. Then a look-up-table （LUT） based fast line-by-line radiative transfer model （RTM） was integrated into the retrieval procedure to accelerate radiative transfer calculations. The LUT stores gas absorption cross-sections as a function of temperature, pressure and wavenumber. It could greatly reduce calculating time in radiative transfer compared to direct line-by-line method. Then retrieval was simulated using NIR, TIR and both bands. The retrieved CO2 profiles suggest joint approach could reconstruct CO2 profile better than those using NIR or TIR alone. Joint retrieval using both bands simultaneously could provide better constrain to CO2 vertical distribution in the whole troposphere.     

Nondestructive measurements of residual stress in air plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coatings

Premature spallation of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) is a critical issue during the service of gas turbines, and nondestructive evaluation is crucial to address this problem. Herein, a novel approach that indicates delamination by measuring the residual stress evolution of thermally grown oxide (TGO) for air plasma spraying (APS) TBCs is proposed and verified via the combination of photoluminescence piezo-spectroscopy (PLPS) and X-ray computed tomography. A mineral-oil-impregnating approach and a cold-mount low-shrinkage epoxy-mounting approach are used to alleviate the signal attenuation by pores and microcracks in APS TBCs, improving the detectable PLPS signal and X-ray transmission for stress measurement and delamination characterization, respectively. We have nondestructively measured the TGO residual stress mapping in APS TBCs and its evolution with oxidation. Furthermore, the evolution of TGO morphology and critical microcracks are obtained by X-ray computed tomography. The synchronous evolution of TGO residual stress, TGO thickness, and critical microcracks as a function of oxidation time is obtained and correlated. The transition point, as experimentally identified, at which the TGO stress starts to drop, agrees well with the critical moment of microcrack coalescence. This directly verifies that the TBC delamination can be effectively indicated by residual stress evolution of TGO in APS TBCs.     

The role of the Tm3+ concentration on CaMoO4 properties processed by microwave hydrothermal under stirring condition

The compounds based on calcium molybdate (CaMoO₄) are the subject of extensive research due to their excellent optical properties and a broad range of potential technological applications. In this work, we report a systematic study of CaMoO₄:Tm³⁺ phosphors synthesized by coprecipitation and processed in a microwave-hydrothermal system at low temperature (100°C) and stirring. The effect of the Tm³⁺ doping content (0%–12%) is studied in full detail to understand their role in the CaMoO₄:Tm³⁺ morphological, structural, and luminescent properties. The X-ray diffraction, Raman, and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopic techniques revealed that all the prepared powders have a tetragonal crystal structure with a distinct density of cation vacancies and structural disorders. The band gap remains almost constant for doping levels lower than 8%, but it narrows strongly for powders doped with 12% Tm³⁺ ions. The designed phosphors have shown two emission bands in which intensity depends on the Tm³⁺ ions doping level. For doping levels lower than 2%, the photoluminescence profile displays a broad emission band peaking at 543 nm (green). For concentrations higher than 4%, the band centered at 543 nm decreases in intensity and the near-infrared emission band at around 800 nm, assigned to ³F₃, ³H₄ → ³H₆ transitions from Tm³⁺ ion, become more intense. The outcomes of this work reveal that appropriated Tm³⁺ ions doping levels can be applied to suppress the PL emission in the visible range and improve that in the near-infrared region in CaMoO₄-based materials.     

ZnO nanoneedles fabricated by a simple approach and their optical properties

Spoke-like ZnO nanoneedles have been successfully synthesized at the ambient pressure through thermally oxidizing Zn powders containing Au nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that the ZnO nanoneedles have a hexagonal wurtzite structure of the crystalline ZnO. The morphology of the products was examined by FESEM. The photoluminescenee(PL) spectrum under 325 nm exhibits both an UV emission and a green emission. It is interesting to note that the heating rate plays a key role in the synthesis of ZnO nanoneedles. Based on this discovery we propose to explain the special growth behavior as novel mechanism that a large temperature gradient and Au nanoparticles simultaneously result in the spoke-like ZnO nanoneedles growth.     

碳热法合成具有蓝光发射特性的氧化镓纳米线、纳米带和纳米片

利用碳纳米管通过碳热法合成了氧化镓纳米线、纳米带和纳米片。采用扫描电镜和透射电镜对其进行了形态和结构表征。合成的氧化镓纳米结构是单晶体。室温光致发光谱分析发现，氧化镓纳米晶在蓝光区域487nm处产生明显的发射峰。     

GaAs／AlAs DBR的GSMBE优化生长及表征

采用气态源分子束外延（GSMBE）技术优化生长了GaAs／AlAs分布布拉格反射镜（DBR）材料，并用X射线衍射（XRD）及反射光谱对其生长质量进行了表征。结果表明，采用5S间断生长的GaAs／AlAs DBR材料质量和界面质量优于无间断生长，并且10对GaAs／AlAs DBR的质量优于30对，说明DBR对数越多，周期厚度波动越大，材料质量越差。优化生长得到的30对GaAs／AlAsDBR的反射率大于99％，中心波长为1316nm，与理论设计结构的模拟结果基本一致，可用作1．3μm垂直腔面发射激光器（VVSEL）直接键合的反射腔镜。     

MOCVD外延Al2O3基AlGaN/GaN超晶格的结构和光学特性

通过X射线衍射分析、透射电镜观察、红外透射光谱分析、紫外-可见吸收光谱分析和光致发光试验,研究了用金属有机物化学汽相沉积（MOCVD）的方法,在带有GaN缓冲层的蓝宝石（Al2O3）衬底上生长的AlGaN/GaN超晶格材料的微观结构、光吸收性质和发光特性.X射线衍射结果表明,GaN基材料均为纤锌矿六方结构,薄膜具有良好的结晶质量,薄膜生长沿c轴择优取向.透射电镜观察表明,超晶格试样的周期结构分布均匀,实际周期为13.3nm，且观察到高密度的位错存在于外延膜中。通过光学试验数据，确定了试样的光学吸收边都是在370nm附近，理论计算显示试样为直接跃迁型半导体，禁带宽度约为3．4eV。试样的折射率随光子能量的增加而增加、随波长的增加而减小，计算表明消光系数的极小值位于370nm处。光致发光测试分析表明，超晶格有很好的发光性能，并发现存在黄带发光。