超临界CO2对钢材的腐蚀实验研究

采用静态高温高压釜及SEM现代分析测试手段,在分析超临界CO2存在形式及与原油、水交互作用的基础上,进行了超临界CO2对钢材的腐蚀实验研究。结果表明,在腐蚀系统SCF-CO2气相中,存在CO2腐蚀现象;液相中,腐蚀速率随压力增加而上升,12MPa达到峰值后下降。在纯水中12MPa时,液相和气相中的腐蚀速率趋于一致,腐蚀形貌表现为腐蚀瘤。30％的原油含量可在液相促进钢材腐蚀。腐蚀形貌表现为腐蚀瘤与腐蚀坑并存;但随含油量增加,会抑制钢材腐蚀。     

化学气相沉积法制备碳化铬薄膜的研究

以三（2,2,6,6-四甲基-3,5-庚二酮）化铬为前驱体,采用化学气相沉积（CVD）法在氧化铝（Al₂O₃）陶瓷基板上制备碳化铬（Cr₃C₂）薄膜,其中沉积温度为723 K至923 K,沉积时间为1 200 s。研究了不同沉积温度对Cr₃C₂薄膜的相组成、择优取向、宏观表面、微观结构及电学性能的影响。结果表明,在723 K至923 K下制备得到具有高度（130）择优取向的Cr₃C₂薄膜。随着沉积温度的升高,Cr₃C₂薄膜表面先由光滑变粗糙,后逐渐变光滑;薄膜晶粒呈椭球型生长;薄膜的厚度先增加后减小,从而导致电阻先减小后增大。在798 K时制备得到厚度最大且电阻最小的（130）择优取向的最佳Cr₃C₂薄膜。同时,在实验条件下Cr₃C₂薄膜表面存在少量的碳和Cr₂O₃。     

基于影视剧《长安十二时辰》管窥盛唐男装

《长安十二时辰》是一部唐代背景古装剧,其男装服饰设计基于历史,可为戏服研究所借鉴。文章基于《长安十二时辰》影视、小说及相关文史资料,运用图像学原理,对该剧的影视男装进行探析。研究认为:《长安十二时辰》中的男装设计可圈可点,无论是款式、色彩还是图案甚至服饰搭配都较为严格遵循唐代服饰制度,整体上符合唐代服饰特点;《长安十二时辰》中的部分服饰细节上仍有错误,如李必冠帽的使用上,但瑕不掩瑜;《长安十二时辰》中胡服的设计和使用在颜色和图案乃至穿用人群上都较为灵活,表现了唐代文化的兼容并蓄。     

Film Blowing of Biodegradable Polymer Nanocomposites for Agricultural Applications

Films for agricultural applications, such as greenhouses films or mulching films are generally made of polyolefins such as linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) or low-density polyethylene. However, the use of biodegradable and/or compostable polymers is increasing, which enjoy the additional advantage that they can be left on the site since a fine life would be gradually assimilated to the underlying soil. Nevertheless, biodegradable polymeric films often do not have suitable mechanical performances. In this work, biodegradable polymer-based nanocomposite films are prepared by film blowing and compared with traditional LLDPE based nanocomposites. In particular, a biodegradable polymer blend and two different inorganic nanofillers (an organo-modified clay and a calcium carbonate with a hydrophobic coating) are used for the preparation of the nanocomposites. A detailed investigation of obtained materials is performed through rheological, mechanical, and optical characterizations. Adding nanofillers led to an increase of rigidity and tear strength of blown films without negatively affecting their ductility.     

Micron-Scale Soft Actuators Fabricated from Multi-Shell Polystyrene Particle-Gold Nanoparticle Nanohybrids

Actuators made of soft matter are needed for a variety of fields ranging from biomedical devices to soft robotics to microelectromechanical systems. While there are a variety of excellent methods of soft actuation known, the field is still an area of intense research activity as new niches and needs emerge with new technology development. Here, a soft actuation system is described, based on a core-multi-shell particle, which moves via photothermal expansion. The system consists of a novel polystyrene-based thermally expandable microsphere, with a secondary shell of a silicate-silane graft copolymer, to which gold nanoparticles are covalently linked. The gold nanoparticles act as photothermal nano-transducers, converting light energy into the thermal energy necessary for microsphere expansion, which in turn results in material movement. Actuation is shown in isolated particles in thermal and photothermal regimes using metal ceramic heaters or 520 nm laser illumination, respectively. Macroscale actuation is demonstrated by making a composite material of particles suspended in the transparent elastomer polydimethylsiloxane. The sample demonstrates an inchworm-like movement by starting from an arched geometry. Overall, this work describes a new particle-based actuation method for soft materials, and demonstrates its utility in driving the movement of a composite elastomer.     

Influence of molybdenum on passivation of polarised stainless steels in a chloride environment

Polarised specimens of AISI 304L and 316L stainless steels (SS) were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in conjunction with Ar⁺-ion sputtering. A 5% NaCl test solution was used at room temperature. The polarised passive films formed consist mainly of chromium oxide and hydroxide and a small proportion of iron oxides. The composition of the films depend strongly on the potential. Chloride and molybdenum ions appear when the AISI 316L SS alloy is polarised at a potential close to pitting potential.     

Electrochemical characteristic of chemical-mechanical polishing of copper with oxide passive film

1　INTRODUCTIONThankstoitslowresistivityandhighelectromi grationresistance ,copperappearstobeaverypromisingsubstituteforaluminumininterconnec tions[1] .However ,copperisverydifficulttopattern ,andonlychemical mechanicalpolishing (CMP)tech nologycanresolvethisproblem[2 ] .CMPwasinitiallyinvestigatedandopenedoutfrom 1980soverseas[3] ,anditisthebestandonlyglobalplanarizationtech nologyatpresent ,butkeepsholdofbusinesssecretsallthetime .Fayolleetal[2 ] researchedCMPprocessofcopperwhereFe(…     

硬脆材料专用ELID磨削液的研制

本文在已有新型通用ELID磨削液(HDMY-20型)的基础上，根据硬脆材料的磨削特点和ELID磨削过程中磨削液的电解修锐生膜缓蚀作用、结合通用ELID磨削液的研制经验．通过增添表面活性剂、稳定剂、防锈剂、油性极压剂和调整无机盐等成分的比例关系．优化出适合硬脆材料ELID磨削最佳状态的专用ELID磨削液。应用此磨削液磨削硬质合金表面粗糙度可达Ra0．007μm比通用型磨削液磨削的硬质合金Ra值降低了0．005μm。     

Passivation of Fe-Cr alloys studied with ICP-AES and EQCM

The response of sputter deposited Fe-15Cr and Fe-25Cr alloys to a rapid potential increase in the passive region was studied using two in situ methods: electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance and inductive coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Both methods indicated an increase in the dissolution rate of iron following the potential change; the total amount of material dissolved being higher for the Fe-15Cr alloy. For both alloys, about 10% of the total dissolved material was Cr. This result compared well with experiments on a 430 stainless steel. ICP-AES is shown to be useful for the in situ determination of partial currents of metal dissolution using solution analysis in a flow cell.     

DD—921钢铁常温发黑剂的研制和应用

研究了钢铁常温发黑过程的成膜机理,各组分之间的作用以及相互之间的影响,着重分析了常温发黑的优缺点,工艺控制参数以及经济性。