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81.
The surface of polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) nonwoven fabric was modified by He/O2 atmospheric pressure plasma treatment, varying plasma exposure time. The plasma treated PET surfaces have been analyzed to investigate the chemical nature and morphology of surface by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. The change of wettability was measured depending on plasma exposure time. XPS results indicated the presence of oxygen‐based functional groups on the PET nonwoven fabric surface after plasma treatment and oxygen content increased as exposure time increased. The mean roughness increased after 30 s exposure and further increase in exposure to 60 s led to decrease of the roughness and then again increase. The root mean square roughness followed the similar trend to mean roughness. The average difference in height, Rz, increased after plasma exposure for 30 s, while it slightly decreased after 60 s exposure. Despite of redeposition, the Rz of 90 s exposed sample increased more than two times compared with those of 30 and 60 s exposed. Wettability increased progressively up to 10 times after 90 s exposure compared with the untreated. It is attributed to the increases of hydrophilicity and surface roughness. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
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Hu Kai Yang Xianjin Cai Yanli Cui Zhenduo Wei Qiang 《Frontiers of Materials Science in China》2007,1(3):229-236
A hydroxyapatite (HA)/collagen (COL) composite coating on NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) was prepared by eletrochemical deposition
(ELD) in modified simulated body fluid (MSBF). To draw comparisons of physical characteristics and bioactivity of the composite
coating, the HA/COL composite coating was also prepared by chemically biomimetic growth (BG) and the ELD coating was re-soaked
in MSBF again for further biomimetic growth (called EBG method in this paper). It was indicated that the c-axis of HA crystals
was oriented parallel to the longitudinal direction of the COL fibril in BG and EBG coating, which could not found in ELD
coating. The EBG method could induce a denser, thicker and better crystallized HA/COL coating. The cell culture test indicated
that the BG coating presented better cell biocompatibility. 相似文献
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This article presents the first application of the Finite Calculus (FIC) in a Ritz-FEM variational framework. FIC provides a steplength parametrization of mesh dimensions, which is used to modify the shape functions. This approach is applied to the FEM discretization of the steady-state, one-dimensional, diffusion–absorption and Helmholtz equations. Parametrized linear shape functions are directly inserted into a FIC functional. The resulting Ritz-FIC equations are symmetric and carry a element-level free parameter coming from the function modification process. Both constant- and variable-coefficient cases are studied. It is shown that the parameter can be used to produce nodally exact solutions for the constant coefficient case. The optimal value is found by matching the finite-order modified differential equation (FOMoDE) of the Ritz-FIC equations with the original field equation. The inclusion of the Ritz-FIC models in the context of templates is examined. This inclusion shows that there is an infinite number of nodally exact models for the constant coefficient case. The ingredients of these methods (FIC, Ritz, MoDE and templates) can be extended to multiple dimensions 相似文献
88.
HouDianguo 《中国炼油与石油化工》2003,(2):51-56
Reduction of sulfur content in FCC gasoline was studied in a fixed fluid bed (FFB) unit by using metal-modified LV-23 FCC catalyst. The results showed that the sulfur content in FCC gasoline could be reduced with LV-23 catalyst modified with zinc, palladium, zinc-palladium, zinc-cobalt, and zinc-nickel. Among these metals or metal combinations, palladium-containing catalyst was the most effective. Desulfufization of the heavy fraction of FCC gasoline was more effective than full-range gasoline under the same conditions with palladium-containing catalysts. A high reaction temperature was favorable to desulfurization, but it would reduce the yield of liquid product. After desulfurization reaction, the olefm content of product gasoline decreased while the aromatic and iso-alkane contents increased. Removal of thiophene and benzothiophene is higher. 相似文献
89.
吸水膨胀型膨润土/交联聚丙烯酰胺颗粒堵剂 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
使丙烯酰胺、少量N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺在钙膨润土存在下进行水溶液引发接枝共聚合,聚合产物经造粒、粉碎、筛分,得到粒径0.5~1.0mm的颗粒堵剂。根据颗粒堵剂吸水量大小确定丙烯酰胺与膨润土最佳质量比为7:1,引发剂最佳用量为500g/t,交联剂最佳用量为300g/t,吸水量与这3个参数之间的关系曲线都经过最大值,颗粒堵剂在去离子水中的吸水量为560~650mL/g。该堵剂已大规模生产,在胜利、中原油田许多采油厂已用于调剖、堵水和调驱施工,在青海、江苏、大港、冀东等油田也已开始使用。在胜利东辛采油厂的一个井组,连续3个月在3口井注入该堵剂共27t,使井口压力上升3MPa,产油量大幅度增加。表l参l。 相似文献
90.
DJG-1阳离子絮凝剂合成的影响因素 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
DJG-1阳离子絮凝剂的合成步骤为:玉米淀粉与丙烯酰胺在硝酸铈铵引发下接枝,得A;A与醇在酸催化下发生酯化反应得B;甲醛与二甲胺反应得N-羟甲基胺(C);在C中加入酸使pH值为4左右。得酸性范围内的N-羟甲基胺(C′)。B与C′发生曼尼希反应得D(叔胺盐);D发生烷基化反应E(季铵盐);E与四苯硼钠反应生成白色沉淀。室内试验分析了DJG-1阳离子絮凝剂合成的影响因素。评价了DJG-1的水处理效果并与硫酸铝进行了对比。实验结果表明,DJG-1阳离子絮凝剂合成的影响因素包括引发剂的选用,活化时间,投料比,反应时间与温度及溶液pH值等。用DJG-1絮凝剂混凝处理钻井废水时,絮凝沉淀的速度比用硫酸铝处理时大得多,废水处理效率高,但DJG-1絮凝剂与硫酸铝复合使用经济效益更好,且硫酸铝用量为300mg/L时,DJG-1的最佳用量为3-4mg/L。 相似文献