杂萘联苯聚醚砜酮/环氧树脂共混体系固化反应动力学

采用热熔法制备了杂萘联苯聚醚砜酮(PPESK)/环氧树脂(E-51)共混物,利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对共混物的固化反应动力学进行了研究。借助Ozawa和Kissinger等方法确定了PPESK增韧E-51体系的固化动力学参数,包括反应的表观活化能E,指前因子A和反应级数n;结果表明,采用新型高性能热塑性树脂PPESK增韧环氧树脂不仅在工艺上具有可行性,而且PPESK的加入降低了固化反应的表观活化能,促进了固化反应的进行。     

胺化条件对季铵化PPEK膜性能的影响

以氯甲基化杂萘联苯聚醚酮(CMPPEK)为膜材料,通过溶液法制备了CMPPEK基膜,然后将其浸泡在三甲胺水溶液中进行季铵化反应得到季铵化杂萘联苯聚醚酮(QAPPEK)阴离子交换膜。比较了CMPPEK和QAPPEK的热失重性能,CMPPEK的5%热失重温度为330℃,QAPPEK的5%热失重温度为260℃,QAPPEK的5%热失重温度与CMPPEK的相比降低了70℃。考察了三甲胺浓度、胺化时间、胺化温度等反应条件对QAPPEK膜性能的影响。结果表明:三甲胺的质量分数为33%、胺化时间为12h、胺化温度为40℃时,得到的QAPPEK膜表现出了较优异的性能,其IEC值达1.64mmol/g,在2mol/LVOSO4+3mol/LH2SO4的混合溶液中测得的面电阻为0.73Ω·cm2,应用于全钒液流电池(VRB)中,电池的能量效率高达85.9%,电流效率为98.4%,电压效率为87.3%。     

XeCl准分子激光对聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯的表面接枝改性

用XeCl准分子激光照射聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯 (PET)薄膜 ,并同时进行表面接枝 ,提高薄膜表面亲水性。研究了激光能量和脉冲次数对照射和接枝后PET薄膜表面亲水性的影响 ,对比了激光照射烧蚀和接枝薄膜的表面性质差异 ,并分析了激光照射和接枝后样品重量变化的影响因素 ,提出了一种新的接枝率计算公式     

PEDOT:PSS‐Assisted Exfoliation and Functionalization of 2D Nanosheets for High‐Performance Organic Solar Cells

Here, a facial and scalable method for efficient exfoliation of bulk transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) and graphite in aqueous solution with poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) to prepare single‐ and few‐layer nanosheets is demonstrated. Importantly, these TMD nanosheets retain the single crystalline characteristic, which is essential for application in organic solar cells (OSCs). The hybrid PEDOT:PSS/WS₂ ink prepared by a simple centrifugation is directly integrated as a hole extraction layer for high‐performance OSCs. Compared with PEDOT:PSS, the PEDOT:PSS/WS₂‐based devices provide a remarkable power conversion efficiency due to the “island” morphology and benzoid–quinoid transition. This study not only demonstrates a novel method for preparing single‐ and few‐layer TMD and graphene nanosheets but also paves a way for their applications without further complicated processing.     

SPICE模拟纳米技术场效应晶体管圆角效应的建模技术

This paper presents a novel poly(PC)and active(RX)corner rounding modeling approach to SPICE simulations.A set of specially designed structures was used for measurement data collection.PC and RX corner rounding equations have been derived based on an assumption that the corner rounding area is a fragment of a circle.The equations were modified to reflect the gouging effect of physical silicon wafers.The modified general equations were implemented in the SPICE model to enable the model to describe the corner rounding effect.The good fittings between the SPICE model simulation results and the silicon data demonstrated in this paper proved that the designed corner rounding model is practical and accurate.     

Facile Synthesis and Proposed Mechanism of α,ω‐Oxetanyl-Telechelic Poly(3-nitratomethyl-3-methyl oxetane) by an SN2(i) Nitrato Displacement Method in Basic Media

The synthesis of a novel heterocyclic–telechelic polymer, α,ω-oxetanyl-telechelic poly(3-nitratomethyl-3-methyl oxetane), is described. Infrared spectroscopy (IR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy have been used to confirm the successful synthesis, demonstrating the presence of the telechelic-oxetanyl moieties. Synthesis of the terminal functionalities has been achieved via displacement of nitrato groups, in a manner similar to that employed with other leaving groups such as azido, bromo, and nitro, initiated by nucleophiles. In the present case, displacement occurs on the ends of a nitrato-functionalized polymer driven by the formation of sodium nitrate, which is supported by the polar aprotic solvent N,N-dimethyl formamide. The formation of an alkoxide at the polymer chain ends is favored and allows internal back-biting to the nearest carbon bearing the nitrato group, intrinsically in an S_N2(i) reaction, leading to α,ω-oxetanyl functionalization. The telechelic-oxetanyl moieties have the potential to be cross-linked by chemical (e.g., acidic) or radiative (e.g., ultraviolet) curing methods without the use of high temperatures, usually below 100°C. This type of material was designed for future use as a contraband simulant, whereby it would form the predominant constituent of elastomeric composites comprising rubbery polymer with small quantities of solids, typically crystals of contraband substances, such as explosives or narcotics. This method also provides an alternative approach to ring closure and synthesis of heterocycles.     

The drag reduction and degradation characteristics of poly α olefin in diesel via rotating disk apparatus

Poly α olefin/diesel system was studied by experiments with a rotating disk apparatus, to investigated drag reduction and degradation behavior. Four different concentrations were tested with time, rotating speed, temperature, mechanical and ultrasound treatment. The results show that there is a optimum time and maximum DR% for drag reduction, and DR% increases slowly with temperature in diesel. The higher concentration possesses shorter optimum time but higher rotating speed to take effect. Also higher DRA concentration shows better degradation resistance at intensive shear and ultrasound circumstance. This phenomenon could be attributed to poly α olefin prefer to form more clusters than single molecule forms at high concentration, comparing with lower one.