聚碳酸酯光学性能应用及改进研究进展

概述了光学级聚碳酸酯结构与光学性能的关系和其在光学领域的应用,对其光学异向性产生的原因进行了讨论,并对改善聚碳酸酯光学异向性的途径进行了归纳,通过采用共聚、共混方法可使聚碳酸酯的双折射得到有效的降低。     

Phase Diagram for Liquid Crystalline Polymer/ Polycarbonate Blends

A novel mechanism to form binary polymer blends is through phase separation by spinodal decomposition in the unstable region of the phase diagram. The present work investigates the effects of thermally‐induced phase separation by spinodal decomposition on the morphology development of liquid crystalline polymer/polycarbonate blends. Moreover, a thermodynamic binary phase diagram is obtained using a twin‐screw extruder at various processing melt temperatures. Differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the miscibility of the blends and the resulting morphology. A thermodynamic binary phase diagram exhibiting a lower critical solution temperature was obtained. The droplet size distribution of the blend was also obtained and discussed in light of the Cahn‐Hilliard theory.     

碳酸二苯酯的合成工艺新进展

碳酸二苯酯是合成聚碳酸酯的重要原料,具有广泛的用途和应用前景.其合成方法主要有酯交换法、尿素法和二硫化碳法等.本文介绍了国内外碳酸二苯酯的现有生产技术及合成路线,综述了国内外的最新进展,并对今后的发展趋势作了展望.     

聚碳酸酯厚壁制品的注射成型

通过分析聚碳酸酯的工艺特性,针对特定的厚壁注塑制品,在材料的选择上要考虑熔体流动速率、含水量等;在设备的选择上要考虑螺杆形式、压缩比、长径比等方面;在模具的设计上要考虑采用的浇口形式、大小、脱模斜度、排气、模具预热及冷却等;在注塑工艺上可通过调整料筒温度、注射压力、速度、模温等来设置合理的工艺参数。通过以上一些措施,可以使特定的厚壁制品达到要求。     

聚碳酸酯的生产和市场分析

分析了国内外聚碳酸酯(PC)的生产现状,包括已有、在建及计划建设的装置产能,并预测了今后生产和需求的发展趋势;展示了国内PC工业化技术的开发现状。2002年全球PC产能约为200万t/a,预计到2006年产能将增加到250万t/a,需求将达到300万t,并且在光学介质和汽车行业将会表现出强劲的扩张性需求。我国2002年PC进口量超过40万t,预计今后几年国内需求增长速度仍较快。建议国内企业应加大科研投入,加速我国PC工业的发展。     

Effect of styrene–isopren–styrene addition on the recycled polycarbonate/acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene polymer blends

Interfacial agents as compatibilizers have recently been introduced into polymer blends to improve microstructure and mechanical properties of thermoplastics. In this way, it is possible to prepare a mixture of polymeric materials that can have superior mechanical properties over a wide temperature range. In this study, an incompatible blend of Polycarbonate (PC) and Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) Copolymer were made compatible by addition of 5, 10, and 20% Styrene–Isopren–Styrene Copolymer (SIS). The mixing operation was conducted using a twin‐screw extruder. The morphology and the compatibility of the mixtures were examined by SEM and DSC techniques. Furthermore, the elastic modulus, tensile and yield strengths, percentage elongation, hardness, melt flow index, Izod impact resistance, heat deflection temperature (HDT), Vicat softening point values of polymer alloys of various ratios were determined. It was found that addition of SIS to the structures decreased the tensile strength, yield strength, elastic modulus, and hardness, whereas it increased Izod impact strength and percentage elongation values. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 559–566, 2006     

光盘级聚碳酸酯的增韧研究

研究了马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯（PE－g-MAH)，核－壳共聚物（甲基丙烯酸甲酯／丁二烯／苯乙烯）共聚物（MBS）和（甲基丙烯酸甲酯／甲基丙烯酸丁酯）共聚物（ACR）对光盘级聚碳酸酯（PC）的增韧作用。结果表明，MBS，ACR能很好地分散在PC中，对PC的增韧效果显著。对PC合金损伤机理的研究表明，核－壳共聚物增韧PC的增韧机理为共聚的粒子的空洞化引发基体的剪切屈服。     

Mechanical and morphological properties of carbon fiber reinforced–modified epoxy composites

Epoxy, prepared through aminomethyl 3,5,5‐trimethylcyclohexylamine hardening of diglycidylether of bisphenol‐A (DGEBA) prepolymer, toughened with polycarbonate (PC) in different proportions, and reinforced with carbon fiber, was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, tensile and interlaminar shear strength testing, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A single glass transition temperature was found in all compositions of the epoxy/PC blend system. The tensile properties of the blend were found to be better than that of the pure epoxy matrix. They increased with PC content up to 10%, beyond which they decreased. The influence of carbon fiber orientation on the mechanical properties of the composites was studied, where the fiber content was kept constant at 68 wt %. Composites with 45° fiber orientation were found to have very weak mechanical properties, and the mechanical properties of the blend matrix composites were found to be better than those of the pure epoxy matrix composites. The fracture and surface morphologies of the composite samples were characterized by SEM. Good bonding was observed between the fiber and matrix for the blend matrix composites. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3529–3536, 2006     

注塑参数对聚碳酸酯成型收缩率的影响研究

研究了注塑参数对聚碳酸酯(PC)成型收缩率的影响，从理论上探讨了注塑参数—制品结构—收缩率之间的关系。试验结果表明，对PC成型收缩率影响最大的注塑参数是料温，其次是模具温度、注塑压力和注射速率，而保压时间、冷却时间、预塑速率在实验范围内对PC成型收缩率影响较小。     

聚碳酸酯粉末的选择性激光烧结成型

以聚碳酸酯(PC)粉末为烧结材料,研究了激光功率等工艺参数对PC烧结件的微观形态、密度和力学性能的影响规律。结果表明,PC烧结件的密度、拉伸强度及拉伸弹性模量、冲击强度均随激光功率增加而增大;但过高的激光功率会导致激光扫描区域的粉末过热,使PC烧结件产生颜色变黄、轮廓不清晰等缺陷。