F~-对钛在NaBr水溶液中阳极极化行为的影响

利用电化学方法研究了F对工业纯钛(TAl)在NaBr水溶液中阳极极化行为的影响。结果发现,F加速了钛表面膜的阳极溶解速度,减缓了膜的增厚,提高了孔蚀电位,但对再钝化电位无影响。     

单组分氟化物对钛合金氩弧焊电弧形态的影响

针对厚2.5mm的BT20钛合金平板,沿不同氟化物涂层进行TIG焊接工艺试验,对沿不同氟化物TIG焊接过程中的电弧形态以及焊后焊缝成形进行了研究,并与相同焊接工艺参数下的常规TIG焊进行了对比.试验结果表明,不同的单组分氟化物对焊接电弧形态的影响有较大区别,并由此总结出了电弧形态变化与焊缝熔深的关系.     

碳酰氟的研究进展

碳酰氟是一种应用于半导体设备刻蚀和清洗的新型材料,在有机合成及氟化物的干燥、纯化领域也有重要应用。目前国内外关于碳酰氟的制备报道有很多,根据原料种类大体可分为四类,其中CO作为原料制备碳酰氟是应用最多的方法。作为应用于半导体行业的电子气体,对于纯度有一定的要求,因此碳酰氟的纯化也是制约其工业化应用的重要因素。     

Biofunctionalized upconverting CaF<Subscript>2</Subscript>:Yb,Tm nanoparticles for <Emphasis Type="Italic">Candida albicans</Emphasis> detection and imaging

Versatile optimization of the synthesis method and composition of Yb3+ and Tm3+ co-doped CaF2 nanoparticles as well as a novel biofunctionalization method were developed and evaluated.Through multistep synthesis,the luminescence intensity of the Tm3+ activator was enhanced by more than 10-fold compared to standard one-step synthesis.The proposed methods were used to homogenously distribute the doping ions within the nanoparticle's volume and thus reduce luminescence quenching.Optimization of dopant ions concentration led to the selection of the most efficient visible and near-infrared up-converting nanoparticles,which were CaF2 doped with 10％ Yb3+ 0.05％ Tm3+ and 20％ Yb3+ 0.5％ Tm3+,respectively.To illustrate the suitability of the synthesized nanoparticles as bio-labels,a dedicated biofunctionalization method was used,and the nanoparticles were applied for labeling and imaging of Candida albicans cells.This method shows great promise because of extremely low background and high specificity because of the presence of the attached molecules.     

用于高浓度含油污水处理的亲水改性聚偏氟乙烯膜

高浓度含油污水处理困难,而利用亲水性膜有望实现高效处理。利用臭氧活化接枝丙烯酸侧链的PVDF材料通过非溶剂致相转化法制备了亲水性超滤膜,并用于高浓度含油污水处理。结果表明,分离过程分为破乳阶段和筛分阶段。在破乳阶段,孔径无明显影响,亲水性强的膜具有较高的通量和截留率,并在进料侧产生较多的浮油,且进入筛分阶段较早。在筛分阶段,孔径越大的膜通量越高而截留率越低。这种亲水性超滤膜能将初始浓度为108 g/L的含油污水浓缩到390 g/L,截留85%的煤油,平均通量为114.5 L/(m~2·h)。     

两亲性共聚物P(MMA-co-AMPS)对聚偏氟乙烯超滤膜性能的影响

以2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为亲水单体,甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)为疏水单体,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,采用自由基共聚合法制得了两亲性共聚物P(AMPS-co-MMA);以两亲性共聚物P(AMPS-co-MMA)与聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)共混,通过相转变法制备PVDF/P(MMA-co-AMPS)超滤膜。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱、热失重法表征无规共聚物的组成和热稳定性能。并通过扫描电子显微镜,傅里叶变换红外光谱、吸水率测试、表面润湿性测试,探讨了不同单体摩尔比对PVDF/P(MMA-co-AMPS)超滤膜的结构及性能的影响。结果表明,单体AMPS与MMA间发生自由基聚合生成两亲性共聚物P(AMPS-co-MMA)。PVDF/P(MMA-co-AMPS)超滤膜表面多孔,内部有大孔,存在相对致密皮层和多孔的支撑层。当2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的摩尔比为2∶1时,PVDF/P(MMA-co-AMPS)超滤膜吸水率和表面润湿性能最好。     

P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer acoustic emission sensors

Acoustic emission (AE) sensors have been fabricated using polarized polyvinylidene fluoride/trifluoroethylene (P(VDF-TrFE)) piezoelectric copolymer films. The acoustic and electromechanical properties of the copolymers have been determined using the ultrasonic immersion technique and the resonance technique, respectively. The P(VDF-TrFE) AE sensors have been calibrated according to the ASTM standard and evaluated for potential application in the detection of AE in glass fiber reinforced polypropylene (GFPP). A ceramic AE sensor also has been fabricated using lead zirconate titanate (PZT) 7A piezoelectric ceramic and its sensitivity and performance are reported as well. The copolymer sensors do not show resonance peaks of the ceramic sensor and have adequate sensitivity. They can reproduce AE signals accurately without giving artifacts and have potential use in commercial AE systems.     

建筑用聚偏氟乙烯树脂及其涂料的发展动向

本文主要叙述了建筑用聚偏氟乙烯树脂及其涂料的发展历程和开发动向。     

绿化树种对大气氯、氟污染物的吸滞能力

植物叶片内大气污染物含量既可反映大气污染的水平又可反映植物对大气污染的修复吸滞能力.研究结果表明：绿化树种对大气污染具有很强的吸滞能力,并依污染气体和树种的不同具有明显差异.吸滞大气氯污染能力强的有：榆树、京桃、枫杨、皂角、卫矛、美青杨、桂香柳;吸滞大气氟污染能力强的有：榆树、花曲柳、刺槐、旱柳。     

静态干法氟化法制备稀土氟化物工艺研究

设计自制了干法氟化炉,研究了用静态干法氟化法制备稀土氟化物工艺流程,结果表明:当氟化温度控制在600℃~650℃,氟化氢气体的实际用量为理论计算量的100%,气体流量为3~4kg/h时,氟化率达99.9%,并且工艺流程短,氟化稀土杂质含量小,便于工业化规模生产。