GPS移动车辆监控系统中的通信系统分析及仿真

耗资３００亿美元、历经了２０年才建成的ＧＰＳ系统是继阿波罗登月计划和航天飞机计划之后的第３项庞大空间计划,它从根本上解决了人类在地上的导航和定位问题,使导航和定位技术发生了巨大的变化。本文正是以ＧＰＳ移动车辆定位系统中的集群通信的数学模型,进行计算机仿真并根据仿真结果分析系统性能。     

利用GPS定位信息遥感大气风场的研究

介绍了GPS测风系统的构成、GPS接收机的性能指标和从GPS定位信息反演大气风场的方法,GPS接收机的性能指标与反演的风场数据的精度和可靠性关系密切.为了验证GPS测风技术的可靠性,进行了和风廓线仪、Vaisala探空的对比实验,结果表明:GPS探空和风廓线仪及Vaisala气球测风的结果相关性都很好,风速、风向廓线较为接近,但GPS测得的风速平均值比风廓线仪和Vaisala的测量结果均偏大.进一步分析了GPS测风产生偏差的原因,对误差做出合理的订正十分必要.     

Implementation of a real-time passive ultrasonic angle estimator for autonomous low power ranging and tracking systems

Indoor localisation technologies have received considerable attention in recent years and they are applicable in many fields. As with outdoor systems, they both suffer degradation in performance when multi-path errors are present. Applications include locating essential equipment in hospitals and specific items in warehouses, tracking people with special needs, who are away from visual supervision, and navigating firefighters inside buildings. In this article, we study issues associated with the implementation of a passive low cost, low computational complexity and low power consumption ranging and tracking system using ultrasonic sensor arrays. Due to the physical limitation of these sensors, they are placed in a zig-zag configuration to simulate an approximate linear array. To perform localisation, this system utilises the matrix pencil algorithm to estimate the direction-of-arrival (DOA) of the signal based on the phase delays of the array elements whereas the range estimation is performed by triangulation, based on DOA information from two identical arrays. Multi-access capability is also implemented to accommodate a multiple-transmitter environment. We present real-time experimental results to illustrate the satisfactory performance of the ranging and tracking system in an indoor environment setup.     

关于物流机器人配送在社区疫情隔离中的应用探讨

机器人系统通常用于人工介入成本过高、危险过大或者效率过低的任务。近年来,随着人工智能、自动驾驶、物联网等众多相关学科的全面发展,机器人在很多行业的应用也越来越广泛、成熟;与民众生活密切相关的物流机器人的配送应用也在逐步发展;互联网下,电商的充分发展为物流机器人的配送应用提供了明确的应用场景。而在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情时期,区域人群需要实行严格隔离,隔断病毒人传人的感染途径。针对这样的状况,物流机器人可发挥其巨大优势,为民众提供物资配送服务,可有效隔断病毒人际传播,避免人员配送过程中可能带来的病毒扩散风险,针对性地解决疫情隔离阶段物资供给最后一里的难题。     

可探测型气吹微缆的研究

随着光通信网络的发展,光网络发展由核心骨干网向城域网及接入网递进发展,光缆敷设的量与范围越来越大,敷设光缆的管道资源越来越紧张,因此对纤密度较高的微缆的需求越来越多,这种光缆光纤密度比较高,光缆成本相对较为高昂,一旦发生施工等原因造成的破坏时,会造成较大的损失。因此,对已敷设的光缆进行维护及故障处理时如何有效地定位是一个大问题,所以需要光缆具备可被探测定位的功能以方便维护、提高效率、减少损失。本文涉及了一种新型的可探测型气吹微缆,其采用内嵌钢丝的玻璃纤维中心加强件的结构,可以使用光电缆路由测试仪有效的应对敷设光缆故障处理中的探测定位问题。本文设计了五种不同的方案,从内嵌钢丝的材质以及钢丝占比量等多方面对微缆的气吹及探测等性能进行了对比验证,从而确定了可探测型气吹微缆的最优结构设计。     

Novel SREKF-based recurrent neural predictor for narrowband/FM interference rejection in GPS

The GPS provides accurate positioning and timing information that is useful in various applications. A new adaptive neural predictor for GPS jamming suppression applications is proposed. The effective and computationally efficient square-root extended Kalman filter (SREKF) algorithm is adopted to adjust the synaptic weights in the nonlinear recurrent architecture and thereby estimate the stationary and non-stationary narrowband/FM waveforms. Cholesky factorization is employed in Riccati recursion to improve numerical stability because of the propagation of round-off errors in conventional KF equations. The main characteristics of the proposed SREKF-based canceller are their rapid convergence and favorable tracking performance. Simulation results reveal that its SNR improvement factor exceeds the factors of conventional LMS, RLS, ENA and TLFN filters in single-tone CWI, multi-tone CWI, pulse CWI and FM jamming environments, respectively.     

Direction-of-arrival estimation for coherent GPS signals based on oblique projection

A new direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation method for coherent global positioning system (GPS) signals is proposed. It is applicable to the GPS propagation environment with rich multipath, strong interferences and noise. According to the properties of oblique projection, interferences and noise are first suppressed and only the coherent GPS signals are retained by projecting the received signal onto the signal subspace. Then, the coherent GPS signals are resolved by the Toeplitz decorrelation scheme. Using the proposed method, interferences and noise can be suppressed simultaneously, and more accurate DOA estimation for coherent GPS signals can be obtained in GPS propagation environment. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

无区域识别的单台链双曲线定位GDOP计算

无线电双曲线定位精度由测距差误差与几何精度衰减因子（Geometrical Dilution of Precision,GDOP）共同决定。经典的单台链双曲线定位GDOP值计算需进行严格的区域识别,区域识别方法复杂且易误判。为此,从GDOP定义与球面三角定位方程出发,结合误差传播理论,提出无区域识别的单台链双曲线定位GDOP计算方法。以俄罗斯阿尔法无线电导航系统为例,计算两个不同矩形区域内的GDOP值,结果表明,所提方法与经典方法相比,在(20°N,40°E)、(70°N,140°E)所围跨越大区域内,两者计算GDOP值变化趋势吻合;在(29°N,103°E)、(38°N,113°E) 所围试验验证小区域内,两者计算GDOP值绝对偏差最大值为0.076,均值为0.048,证明所提方法的正确性和可用性。     

倒装焊机视觉定位系统

倒装焊技术被越来越多地应用于微波组件和光电子器件等高频和高速电子产品的生产制造中。介绍了倒装焊机的功能要求。重点分析了复合精密定位平台和双面双视场光学系统的设计原理和系统设计方案。通过建立设计模型,提出一种实用的图像对位算法,经应用验证,该算法能满足系统的对位精度要求。     

基于数据选择Householder多级维纳滤波导航接收机空时抗干扰方法

针对抑制GPS信号中期望信号方向的冲激毛刺干扰影响问题,对Householder多级维纳滤波方法进行改进,提出一种数据选择Householder多级维纳滤波器.改进方法用于GPS信号空时抗干扰处理中,可以避免期望信号方向的冲激毛刺干扰对最优权值计算的影响,同时保持期望信号不受影响.仿真结果验证了算法良好的抗干扰性能.