再论高职人才培养目标之定位

高职教育培养的是一线的技术应用性人才,即技能熟练的技术人才、运用技术的高技能人才。从服务区域经济发展、特色产业发展、工业化和现代化发展进程等方面看高职人才培养目标定位,可以而且应该是一柱多棱的。高职人才培养目标定位的实现路径,在于实践动手能力的系统和可持续发展能力的基础知识系统的构建。     

论泸州在中国白酒金三角区域旅游中的定位与融入

涵盖泸州、宜宾、遵义三地市的中国白酒金三角区域旅游正在逐步形成,泸州市如何在此区域旅游中找准定位,形成和凸显自身特色,从而融入白酒金三角区域经济发展,本文在调研基础上提出了对策建议。     

基于空间分布特性和局部复杂度的显著目标检测算法

目前的视觉注意显著区域检测算法,主要依赖像素间的相互对比,缺乏从全局角度对显著目标的分析理解。依据显著目标是显眼、紧凑和完整的思路,提出一种基于目标空间分布特性和局部复杂度的无监督视觉注意显著目标自动提取算法。首先根据局部区域与其多个尺度邻域的对比,得到亮度显著图;然后利用颜色信息的显眼性、空间分布和区域一致性得到颜色显著图;同时通过对方向的空间分布和局部复杂度进行多尺度分析得到方向显著图;最后通过显著值的空间分布和面积增强因子相结合的融合策略得到输入图像的显著图,根据显著区域确定感兴趣区域位置,在基础上完成目标检测。将此方法应用于各类具有不同特点的彩色图像进行仿真实验,得到较好的检测结果,表明该算法是切实可行。     

Orientation angle workspaces of planar serial three-link manipulators

This paper presents a classification on the workspaces of planar serial three-link manipulators, that is, position workspace and orientation angle workspace. Position workspace indicates the region reached by the reference point on the end-effector. Orientation angle workspace indicates a set of angle ranges by which the end-effector can reach with certain orientation for every point in the reachable position workspace. By introducing a virtual equivalent mechanism, reachable position workspace can be divided into several Grashof intervals and non-Grashof intervals. The calculation equations of orientation angle workspace are deduced in three situations according to the relationships among four link lengths in the virtual four-bar chain. Three examples are given for three kinds of relationship of link lengths. The orientation angle workspace of extended groups, that is, two of the three link lengths equal, and the orientation angle workspace when the reference point on the end-effector moves along a non-radial direction are also discussed. A program is developed to calculate orientation angle workspaces and output variation curves of orientation angle workspace and key data within the position workspace. The approach and program in this paper can be used for fast calculation and identification of the variation rule of the orientation angle workspace of any given planar serial three-link manipulator on the basis of its link parameters, and for the design of a highly dexterous serial manipulator with proposed link relations. Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (Grant No. 20041070)     

我国个人所得税功能定位问题的思考

2009年我国税改的主基调是结构性减税,对于个人所得税改革的研究成为各界普遍关注的焦点之一。文章旨在探讨个税改革的一个前提性问题,即:我国个税的功能定位问题。文章借鉴西方经验,结合我国实际认为,现阶段个税成为我国税收体系主体税种的条件尚不具备,因此,目前我国个税应以调节收入分配功能优先。     

Evaluation of processing effects in injection‐molded amorphous and crystalline thermoplastics using an excimer laser

The ablation behavior of amorphous [polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC)] and crystalline [PET, glass‐filled poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT)] polymers by 248‐nm KrF excimer laser irradiation were investigated for different injection‐molding conditions, namely, injection flow rate, injection pressure, and mold temperature, as a possible method for evaluating processing effects in the specimens. For this purpose, dumbbell‐shaped samples were injection‐molded under different sets of processing conditions, and weight loss measurements were carried out for the different injection‐molding conditions. Some of the crystalline (PET) samples were annealed at different annealing times and temperatures. For PET, the weight loss decreased with increasing mold temperature and remained insensitive to injection flow rate. Annealing time and temperature significantly reduced weight loss in PET. For PBT, the weight loss due to laser ablation decreased with increasing material packing due to pressure, and it also showed some sensitivity to flow rate variation. The major effect was seen with glass‐filled PBT samples. The weight loss decreased drastically with increasing glass fiber content. Laser ablation allowed us to observe process‐induced fiber orientation by scanning electron microscopy in PBT samples. For PS and PC, the weight loss increased with increasing injection flow rate and mold temperature and decreased with increasing injection pressure. The position near the gate showed higher ablation than the position at the end for all the conditions. A decrease in the material orientation with injection speed and mold temperature led to an increase in the weight loss, whereas an increase in the injection pressure, and consequently orientation, led to a lower weight loss for PS and PC. Higher residual stress samples showed higher weight losses. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2006     

Pore Propagation Directions in P+ Porous Silicon

A comparative study is presented on the pore propagation directions of porous silicon layers (PSL) formed on p⁺-type substrates of different orientations. PSLs were formed on plain (0 0 1) and (1 1 1) silicon wafers as well as on structured (0 0 1) wafers containing facets of various orientations. During anodization, regular pores follow the 0 0 1 direction on the (0 0 1) planes. While on the (1 1 1) planes fewer regular pores develop and seemingly propagate closely to the 1 1 1 direction. These results indicate that the pores propagate perpendicular to the surface i.e. along the field lines when the surface orientation is either (0 0 1) or (1 1 1).When the silicon surface provided (1 1 0) orientation (Chuang, Collins, and Smith, 1989), or its position is in between the (0 0 1) and (1 1 1) planes then the pores do not propagate perpendicular to the surface but along the 0 0 1 direction.All the phenomena exhibited might be explained by presuming that during formation, the pores propagate along the 1 0 0 directions, and that those 1 0 0 directions are preferred which are closely to the field lines. In PSLs formed on (0 0 1) surfaces the field lines and the 0 0 1 crystallographic direction are coincident. However, in the (1 1 1) oriented wafer where three equally probable 1 0 0 directions exist around the field lines, more irregular structure of PSLs will develop.     

Relationship between processing,microstructure, and mechanical properties of injection molded thermotropic LCP

A commercial thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (LCP), Vectra A950, was injection molded into rectangular sheets of thickness ranging from 1 to 4 mm. By changing the thickness of the mold, the shear rate experienced by the TLCP melt in the mold could be varied. The 1‐mm test sample was highly anisotropic while that with larger thickness (4 mm) was less anisotropic. X‐ray diffraction profile at various depths for each of the test sample corresponded to the degree in the fiber orientation present in the test samples. The anisotropy can be described macroscopically by measuring the tensile strength and modulus in the longitudinal and transverse direction. The ratio between the longitudinal and transverse property decreases proportionally to the thickness of the test sample. This reduction corresponded to the reduction in the shear field as the thickness of the mold was increased. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1713–1718, 2003     

Diffusion of ellipsoidal granular particles in shear flow

The diffusion of nonspherical particles has not been well understood due to the complexity of their contact mechanics and self-organization of their orientations. We perform discrete element method simulations of monodisperse ellipsoids in a shear flow with Lees-Edwards boundary conditions to quantify the relation between the diffusion coefficient and the flow parameters. The results indicate that the particle aspect ratio strongly affects the diffusion coefficient by influencing the particle orientation and alignment. We develop a scaling law for the diffusion coefficient perpendicular to the flow direction, D_yy, which combines the influences of the shear rate , the solids fraction f, the effective particle diameter d_eff and the particle aspect ratio Z. We show that , where k_d is a dimensionless pre-factor, and a fit is obtained for the functional form of χ(f, Z). This scaling law will be useful in developing continuum transport models for applications.     

应用型本科院校学报发展定位的探讨

应用型本科院校的转型发展及当前出版业的改革形势,使学报的现实处境更加严峻。通过对应用型本科院校学报发展定位的剖析,认为必须遵循应用性与学术性、内向性与开放性相结合的原则,对学报办刊的目标、类型和层次、服务对象及特色等重新进行科学、合理的定位,学报应以应用型本科院校教职工为主要对象,成为助推院校及地方发展的应用型本科学报。