Child negative emotionality and parenting from infancy to preschool: A meta-analytic review.

This meta-analytic review (k = 62 studies; N = 7,613 mother-child dyads) shows that effect sizes for the association between child negative emotionality and parenting were generally small and were moderated by sample and measurement characteristics. The association between more child negative emotionality and less supportive parenting was relatively strong in lower socioeconomic status families, reversed in higher socioeconomic status families, and limited to studies with relatively high percentages of participants from ethnic minorities and studies using parent report to assess negative emotionality. Higher levels of child negative emotionality were associated with more restrictive control in samples with less than 75% 1st-born children, as well as in infants and preschoolers, and in studies using parent report or composite measures to assess both negative emotionality and restrictive parenting. Finally, more child negative emotionality was associated with less inductive control. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Modern Teaching and Training in Metallurgical Engineering

This contribution deals with advanced educational technologies needed to equip customers from higher education institutions, research and industry with efficient tools supporting their work and operating new skills‐training methods. The challenges are reducing the training costs, improving quality and increasing the number of graduates in engineering departments. The concept of a Virtual Lab based on the combination of various teaching methods and tools is presented. Principles of mathematisation in metallurgical education and training are discussed. An example of online course designed in the form of Virtual Lab is demonstrated.     

谈谈职业教育的大众性

对职业教育的大众性问题进行了论述、实证分析和理论、政策、改革等思考。     

Can being scared cause tummy aches? Naive theories, ambiguous evidence, and preschoolers' causal inferences.

Causal learning requires integrating constraints provided by domain-specific theories with domain-general statistical learning. In order to investigate the interaction between these factors, the authors presented preschoolers with stories pitting their existing theories against statistical evidence. Each child heard 2 stories in which 2 candidate causes co-occurred with an effect. Evidence was presented in the form: AB→E; CA→E; AD→E; and so forth. In 1 story, all variables came from the same domain; in the other, the recurring candidate cause, A, came from a different domain (A was a psychological cause of a biological effect). After receiving this statistical evidence, children were asked to identify the cause of the effect on a new trial. Consistent with the predictions of a Bayesian model, all children were more likely to identify A as the cause within domains than across domains. Whereas 3.5-year-olds learned only from the within-domain evidence, 4- and 5-year-olds learned from the cross-domain evidence and were able to transfer their new expectations about psychosomatic causality to a novel task. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

网络考试分析系统设计研究

对目前常见网络考试分析系统的功能和特点进行了对比分析,然后提出改进方案,建立相应的系统模型,并明确作为检验网络教学效果的重要手段之一,设计一套完善的测试结果分析工具是非常必要的。     

高职院校实施素质教育的路径

高职院校作为培养高级应用型专门技术人才的基地和摇篮．肩负着重大的历史使命。在新形势下．高职院校要树立以人为本的教育观念、注重学习实践创新能力培养、坚守德才兼备的根本性原则。如此．方能切实地实施素质教育。     

美、英、日三国高等教育大众化扩张重点之比较和借鉴

本文通过比较和分析美、英、日三国高等教育大众化扩张的重点，归纳得出此三国高等教育大众化扩张重点皆放在非正规普通大学的层次类型上，并认为这一现象对我国高等教育大众化建设很有借鉴意义，我国当前大众化发展的重心应该适当下移，应该以专科层次的高等职业技术教育为重点，走民营化道路。     

论老年教育的地位、作用和发展方向

老年教育在社会中具有重要的地位和作用。它是终身教育的重要组成部分,是社会发展的客观需要,是解决老龄问题的重要途径和方法。探讨了随着社会经济的发展和老龄化社会进程的加快,在21世纪老年教育的发展方向。     

以需求和发展的观点看职教以顽强和创新的精神办职教

职业教育自古有之，且随时代不断发展，其与社会的结合直接而紧密，要切合“业”之所“需”，开拓进取不断创新，提高质量，突出特色，在推动社会进步、经济发展的同时，增强自身的生命力，步人良性循环轨道。     

基于网格的电大网络教育资源整合模式

建设优质的电大网络教育资源及其服务是电大远程教育长远发展的一大重要课题，通过对电大网络教育资源及其服务现状的调查，文章提出利用网格技术实现电大网络教育资源的整合优化模式，分别从网格系统框架、基本原则、组织形式、整合模式等方面阐述电大网格系统的建设，各电大网格节点统一规划、分工协作，在网络教育理论指导下或进行资源开发，或着重开发网格服务．实现电大网络教育资源的全面共享。