面向真实构建的徽州建筑快速建模方法

快速建筑建模研究领域追求的目标包括模型的高精度、构建的高效率,以及对用户领域知识要求低、交互简单,而这往往互相矛盾.为解决这些问题,提出了一种基于组件的多层参数建模方法,使用概率网络描述建筑和组件的高层参数,作为友好的用户交互接口;使用规则库描述组件低层参数,指导高层参数生成低层参数;最后使用构建模板描述建筑构建过程.基于此,实现了徽派建筑自动营造系统,能较好的完成具有真实构建流程、高精度徽派建筑快速建模.实验结果证明了所提方法的实用性和有效性,且系统具有友好简单的交互方式,扩展性好,用户无论是否具备领域知识都能获得良好的用户体验.     

The Cycles and Spirals of Justice in water-allocation decision making

Managing for social and environmental justice in water allocation is a necessary yet challenging goal. Often, what can appear as a just or equitable outcome for a specific location or group of stakeholders can also result in injustices at other locations or for other stakeholders. This paper describes a conceptual framework, The Cycles and Spirals of Justice, that helps make sense of the relationship between justice and injustice in the context of water-allocation decision making by explicitly utilizing a landscape-ecology understanding of scale and levels. The framework is illustrated using a case study from the Murray-Darling Basin in Australia and describes how justice and injustice are part of a cycling continuum of “justice for whom” and how this plays out in a multi-level system where the problem of scale can surface.     

An empirical evaluation of multi-media based learning of a procedural task

The present study investigated the effects of multi-media modules and their combinations on the learning of procedural tasks. In the experiment, 72 participants were classified as having either low- or high spatial ability based on their spatial ability test. They were randomly assigned to one of the six experimental conditions in a 2 × 3 factorial design with verbal modality (on-screen text procedure vs. auditory procedure) and the format of visual representation (static visual representation vs. static visual representation with motion cues vs. animated visual representation). After they completed their learning session, the ability to perform the procedural task was directly measured in a realistic setting. The results revealed that: (1) in the condition of static visual representation, the high spatial ability group outperformed the low spatial ability group, (2) for the low spatial ability participants, the animated visual representation group outperformed the static visual representation group, however, the static visual representation with motion cues group did not outperform the static visual representation group, (3) the use of animated visual representation helped participants with low spatial ability more than those with high spatial ability, and (4) a modality effect was found for the measure of satisfaction when viewing the animated visual representation. Since the participants with low spatial ability benefited from the use of animation, the results might support an idea that people are better able to retrieve the procedural information by viewing animated representation. The findings also might reflect a preference for the auditory mode of presentation with greater familiarity with the type of visual representation.     

Recovery of online service: Perceived justice and transaction frequency

Recovery of online service is an issue in need of study. The current study empirically examines (1) the relationships among perceived justice, satisfaction with recovery of online service and repurchase intention of online service/failure encounters; and (2) the moderating effects of transaction frequency on these relationships. The current study collects 187 self-administered questionnaires to gather customers’ perceptions of actual online service/failure encounters. Research findings demonstrate that distributive justice, interactional justice and procedural justice can positively lead to satisfaction with recovery of online service and repurchase intention toward online service. These results further show that customers with low transaction frequency tend to focus more on interactional justice to establish their satisfaction with recovery of online service. On the other hand, customers with high transaction frequency focus more on procedural justice.     

试析教师的精气神

教师生理上的精、气、神是教学上的精、气、神之根本动力,也是教学创新的核心,能起到事半功倍的作用。教师要想收获精彩的人生,做一个称职的教师,就必须在教学上拥有精、气、神。     

浅论社会公正的重要性及其实现方法

社会公正是我们永恒追求的理想,对我们极其重要。概括起来说其作用如下:是巩固中国共产党执政地位的需要,是社会主义的本质要求,是整个社会价值体系的首要价值,是经济发展的推动力,是社会稳定的基础,是凝聚力量的源泉。但目前社会不公的现象屡见不鲜,形势比较严竣,要扭转这种局面,我们应该从切实实现司法公正、优化财政支出结构、解决三农问题、维护市场经济秩序、完善社会保障制度等几个方面着手。     

WTO争端解决机制之价值取向

WTO争端解决机制作为一种程序性的制度，效率必然成为其所追求的价值之一。价值既体现在《争端解决程序与规则谅解》的条文中，且实践确立的“司法经济原则”更将效率价值发挥得淋漓尽致。此外，公平价值作为效率价值的衡平，为WTO争端解决机制追求法治奠定了基础，这对我国的法制建设提出新的挑战。     

The Power of the Brown v. Board of Education Decision: Theorizing Threats to Sustainability.

Interviews with African American and White American elders capture the immediate power of the Brown v. Board of Education (1954) decision and the biography of its impact over time. This article reviews the lived experience of the decision and theorizes 3 threats to sustainability that ruthlessly undermined the decision over time: (a) the unacknowledged and enormous sacrifice endured by the African American community in the name of desegregation; b) the violent and relentless resistance to the decision by government officials, educators, and many White community members; and (c) the dramatic shrinkage of the vision of Brown from the dismantling of White supremacy to a technical matter of busing. Implications are drawn for the study of desegregation and for the study of sustainability of social justice more broadly. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Making and negotiating value: design and collaboration with community led groups

ABSTRACT

Value in collaborative design research and practice can be understood fundamentally as relationships, materials, processes, contexts, and outcomes that are subjects of and for negotiation. We argue for conceptions of value that move beyond traditional ‘outcomes’ based measurements to reimagine and rearticulate value itself as co-created, emerging from negotiation, relationality and immersion in specific contexts. These understandings of value, we argue, are not rooted in or always knowable through designers’ experiences, even as designers participate in creating them. Using case studies from our research we suggest that value in design collaboration emerges as a question: value to whom, and to what end? We propose that addressing these questions ethically through co-design requires actively engaged, grounded work with collaborators based in three principles: being present for the work, participant making, and co-creating capacity for collaborators to ‘go off and do their thing’.