装配式建筑构件部品JIT采购模式研究

为解决装配式建筑构件部品采购环节大量库存、二次搬运等问题,将 JIT 采购模式引入到装配式建筑采购中。通过构建传统采购模式与 JIT 模式的成本差异函数,并对函数进行分析和推导,得到了适合采用 JIT 模式的参数条件与构件需求量范围。从推导结果中发现了影响 JIT 模式是否更优于传统模式的两个关键因素,并对这两个因素进行数值分析,分析结果显示,在 JIT 模式的单价和运输成本上与传统模式的差距越小,JIT 模式的信息投入成本越小时,采用 JIT 模式越具有优势。据此提出采用第三方物流以及建立基于 BIM 的信息共享平台等提高 JIT 模式在装配式建筑采购中适用性的建议。     

PPP项目竞争性磋商采购效率分析

PPP 项目引入竞争性磋商便于政府通过与社会资本方的信息交换明确采购需求,为政府确定合理的项目质量标准提供有效依据。但事前成本的套牢和沉没问题往往导致社会资本方降低采购阶段努力水准从而造成政府采购效率损失,通过构建社会资本方博弈模型分析竞争性磋商对其采购阶段努力水准的激励机制。研究结果表明,政府在竞争性磋商机制中通过信息交换可以有效解决逆向选择问题;通过提升项目质量水平可激励社会资本方在采购阶段付出高努力水准以实现采购效率;但过高的质量水平反而加剧社会资本方竞争从而产生负向激励作用,因此政府需合理控制激励强度以提高采购效率。研究成果以期为政府在 PPP 项目中合理运用竞争性磋商机制提供借鉴。     

地方院校大型仪器采购管理探讨

仪器采购是仪器管理的起点。本文从大型仪器的特点及制约条件入手,分析了地方院校在仪器采购中存在的问题,提出应树立“六种意识”,把好整体规划关、前期调研关、采购论证关、项目实施关、设备验收关、素质提升关,使仪器“买得起、用得上、用得好”,为教学科研服务。     

基于层次分析法的企业采购模型

为了使得企业的采购具有可靠性和可操作性,从以往的采购研究着手,运用层次分析法建立了企业物料采购的模型,结合ABC分类法,对于模型的结果进行了进一步的分析处理.在AHP基础上建立的采购模型融合了定量和定性两种思路,使得模型在操作性和实用性上得到了体现,在一定的范围内对于企业的采购策略具有有效的支持和辅助作用,为企业的决策又提供了一种借鉴.     

面向区域轻纺业的基于ASP方式的采购服务设计开发

针对浙江省块状经济区域内轻纺企业的特点,提出了ASP模式下的采购服务方式,并对其服务流程框架进行了描述,同对从技术上阐述了ASP采购服务的实现过程,提供了在某企业中实施的运行实例。     

Metabolic profile and biological activities of Lavandula pedunculata subsp. lusitanica (Chaytor) Franco: Studies on the essential oil and polar extracts

We investigated the metabolic profile and biological activities of the essential oil and polar extracts of Lavandula pedunculata subsp. lusitanica (Chaytor) Franco collected in south Portugal. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis revealed that oxygen-containing monoterpenes was the principal group of compounds identified in the essential oil. Camphor (40.6%) and fenchone (38.0%) were found as the major constituents. High-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC–DAD) analysis allowed the identification of hydroxycinnamic acids (3-O-caffeoylquinic, 4-O-caffeoylquinic, 5-O-caffeoylquinic and rosmarinic acids) and flavones (luteolin and apigenin) in the polar extracts, with rosmarinic acid being the main compound in most of them. The bioactive compounds from L. pedunculata polar extracts were the most efficient free-radical scavengers, Fe²⁺ chelators and inhibitors of malondialdehyde production, while the essential oil was the most active against acetylcholinesterase. Our results reveal that the subspecies of L. pedunculata studied is a potential source of active metabolites with a positive effect on human health.     

工程总承包项目中设备采买、催交工作的探讨

介绍了采买催交工作的概念、主要工作、采买催交工作在工程项目总承包中的重要性,并举实例阐述了采买催交工作在工程项目中的实际应用。     

石油化工企业EPC项目物资采购监管策略

近年来,石油化工企业的新上项目采用EPC模式建设的案例越来越多,建设单位如何对该类型的物资采购实行有效管理,目前尚未形成统一、权威的管理模式。本文总结了中石化广州分公司近年来EPC项目的管理经验,在供应商选择、合同签订、物资采购进度、质量监督等方面提出了具体的管理要求。     

Efficiency of activated carbon to transform ozone into *OH radicals: influence of operational parameters

Based on previous findings (Jans, U., Hoigné, J., 1998. Ozone Sci. Eng. 20, 67-87), the activity of activated carbon for the transformation of ozone into *OH radicals including the influence of operational parameters (carbon dose, ozone dose, carbon-type and carbon treatment time) was quantified. The ozone decomposition constant (k(D)) was increased by the presence of activated carbon in the system and depending on the type of activated carbon added, the ratio of the concentrations of *OH radicals and ozone, the R(ct) value ([*OH]/[O3]), was increased by a factor 3-5. The results obtained show that the surface chemical and textural characteristics of the activated carbon determines its activity for the transformation of ozone into *OH radicals. The most efficient carbons in this process are those with high basicity and large surface area. The obtained results show that the interaction between ozone and pyrrol groups present on the surface of activated carbon increase the concentration of O2*- radicals in the system, enhancing ozone transformation into *OH radicals. The activity of activated carbon decreases for extended ozone exposures. This may indicate that activated carbon does not really act as a catalyst but rather as a conventional initiator or promoter for the ozone transformation into *OH radicals. Ozonation of Lake Zurich water ([O3] = 1 mg/L) in presence of activated carbon (0.5 g/L) lead to an increase in the k(D) and R(ct) value by a factor of 10 and 39, respectively, thereby favouring the removal of ozone-resistant contaminants. Moreover, the presence of activated carbon during ozonation of Lake Zurich water led to a 40% reduction in the content of dissolved organic carbon during the first 60 min of treatment. The adsorption of low concentrations of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on activated carbon surfaces did not modify its capacity to initiate/promote ozone transformation into *OH radicals.     

CFRE采办模式在降低工程成本中的作用

简要介绍平湖油气田开发项目设备采办的“实报实销”(CFRE)模式,和运用这种采办模式降低工程成本的几点体会。