Image denoising using statistical model based on quaternion wavelet domain

Image denoising is the basic problem of image processing.Quaternion wavelet transform is a new kind of multiresolution analysis tools.Image via quaternion wavelet transform,wavelet coefficients both in intrascale and in interscale have certain correlations.First,according to the correlation of quaternion wavelet coefficients in interscale,non-Gaussian distribution model is used to model its correlations,and the coefficients are divided into important and unimportance coefficients.Then we use the non-Gaussian distribution model to model the important coefficients and its adjacent coefficients,and utilize the MAP method estimate original image wavelet coefficients from noisy coefficients,so as to achieve the purpose of denoising.Experimental results show that our algorithm outperforms the other classical algorithms in peak signal-to-noise ratio and visual quality.     

四元数分形的生成与研究

为实现三维分形,应用四元数作为迭代变量生成四维Julia集。在介绍了如何实现三维显示以及迭代方法选择之后,详细说明了生成四元数分形的具体过程,并给出图形实例。因为改进了逃逸时间算法的判别标准,因此,目标集合是边界点集。最后通过观察与分析,总结了四元数Julia集的某些特征,比较了它与复平面Julia集异同点,说明了两者之间的联系。     

小波变换法在姿态解算中的应用

在惯性导航系统中,为提高陀螺仪的姿态测量精度,抑制低频噪声的影响,提出采用小波变换法融合陀螺仪、加速度计数据解算姿态角。首先将陀螺仪采集的数据进行2层小波分解,剔除低频分量和不稳定的信号,并和高频分量重构,得到滤波后的陀螺仪数据。然后利用加速度计采集的数据解算姿态角,用来不断迭代初始四元数,由初始四元数求出重力向量,再由重力向量叉积求出误差,并作PID控制来修正陀螺仪的角度。最后把修正和滤波后的陀螺仪数据用龙格库塔法计算新的四元数,用该四元数进行负增益调节,最终解算出精确的姿态角。仿真结果表明,解算姿态角的精度提高了80%,可以有效地抑制低频噪声,更加精确地计算姿态角,从而进一步提高导航系统的定位精度。     

Kinematic control of free rigid bodies using dual quaternions

This paper proposes a new type of control laws for free rigid bodies. The start point is the dual quaternion and its characteristics. The logarithm of a dual quaternion is defined, based on which kinematic control laws can be developed. Global exponential convergence is achieved using logarithmic feedback via a generalized proportional control law, and an appropriate Lyapunov function is constructed to prove the stability. Both the regulation and tracking problems are tackled. Omnidirectional control is discussed as a case study. As the control laws can handle the interconnection between the rotation and translation of a rigid body, they are shown to be more applicable than the conventional method.     

Orientationability analyses of a special class of the Stewart–Gough parallel manipulators using the unit quaternion representation

This paper addresses the orientation-singularity and orientationability analyses of a special class of the Stewart–Gough parallel manipulators whose moving and base platforms are two similar semi-symmetrical hexagons. Employing a unit quaternion to represent the orientation of the moving platform, an analytical expression representing the singularity locus of this class of parallel manipulators in a six-dimensional Cartesian space is obtained. It shows that for a given orientation, the position-singularity locus is a cubic polynomial expression in the moving platform position parameters, and for a given position, the orientation-singularity locus is an analytical expression but not a polynomial directly with respect to the mobile platform orientation parameters. Further inspection shows that for the special class of parallel manipulators, there must exist a nonsingular orientation void in the orientation space around the orientation origin for each position in the position-workspace. Therefore, a new performance index referred to as orientationability is introduced to describe the orientation capability of the special class of manipulators at a given position. A discretization algorithm is proposed for the computation of the orientationability of the special class of manipulators. Moreover, effects of the design parameters and position parameters on the orientationability are investigated in details. Based on the orientationability performance index, another novel performance index referred to as practical orientationability is presented which represents the practical orientation capability of the manipulator at a given position. The practical orientationability not only can satisfy all the kinematic demands and constraints of such class of manipulators, but also can guarantee that the manipulator is nonsingular.     

基于改进粒子群算法的彩色图像边缘检测方法

针对传统图像边缘检测方法检测效果不理想的问题,利用四元数的矢量旋转原理,将一种改进后的粒子群优化算法引入四元数图像边缘检测中,提出一种新的彩色图像边缘检测方法。实验结果表明,该方法对彩色图像的边缘检测效果较好,能够提取图像纹理细节,且算法稳定、容易收敛,边缘检测速度也较快。     

遥测测试中的IMU初始对准问题

本文在分析惯性测量单元(IMU)的解算算法的基础上,利用姿态转动分析了遥测测试中惯性测量单元(IMU)数据解算的初始四元数提取方法,并对其进行推导和验证,仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

基于ADIS16354的姿态角传感器设计

介绍了ADIS16354器件(陀螺仪和加速度计集成传感器)的基本功能;利用TMS320F2812 DSP搭建了一个硬件平台并通过SPI接口完成对ADIS16354的控制、数据采集和状态查询;结合捷联惯性导航系统姿态解算算法及DSP快速解算的特点实现了载体的俯仰角和倾斜角的测量;编写上位机程序实现对ADIS16354的配置和解算结果的实时显示。在无磁转台上进行了静态和动态条件下的测试,结果表明:该姿态角传感器具有较高的角度稳定度(陀螺漂移率小于0.02°/s)和准确度,抗磁干扰能力强,可广泛用于在工业自动化、导航定位、航空航天等场合。     

基于卡尔曼滤波的航姿参考系统设计

针对传统的航姿参考系统AHRS（Attitude and Heading Reference System）中姿态角精度不高的问题,设计了一种新型的基于卡尔曼滤波的姿态检测系统。该系统采用了三轴磁传感器、三轴陀螺仪及三轴加速度计,用四元数的方法来描述载体运动的姿态,通过陀螺仪测姿态四元数,卡尔曼滤波算法融合加速度计和磁传感器数据,对姿态四元数进行修正,从而提高姿态解算精度。实验数据表明,系统能够较好修正陀螺仪漂移,且三个角度的均方根误差均优于0.25°,具有良好的噪声抑制能力。