硫酸钠沉积转化特性及对灰熔融性的影响

Na2SO4是加剧高碱煤沾污结渣特性的重要中间物质。为阐明炉内固相Na2SO4生成转化机理及对灰熔融性的影响规律,采用气相反应动力学分析了Na2SO4(g)的生成,总结了渣层不同温度下Na2SO4的沉积和转化特性,通过灰熔融性和高温矿物演变实验研究了Na2SO4的高温转化及对灰熔融性的影响。结果表明:Na2SO4(g)是气相Na的主要赋存形式。900℃及以下Na2SO4(g)大量凝结并沉积,中低温渣层中的Na2SO4稳定存在。渣层温度沿径向升高,沉积于高烟温区域灰渣外层的Na2SO4熔融,并发生高温转化,与飞灰中石英、刚玉等矿物发生铝硅酸化反应,1 000℃左右大量生成钠长石,硫酸钠含量高时生成钠霞石,高于1100℃进一步转化为钙钠长石、青金石、蓝方石等矿物。Na2SO4高温下转化为低熔点含钠铝硅酸盐,其助熔共晶效应导致灰熔融温度大幅降低,加剧结渣。     

旋转扫描结构光的三维检测系统及其标定

针对传统平移扫描检测系统的缺陷,提出了一种基于旋转扫描线结构光的三维检测与重构系统及对应的系统参数标定方法,建立了点云数据获取模型。被测物体通过旋转实现与线结构光间的相对运动,得到被测物体的外表面二维图像。系统标定获得图像坐标与世界坐标间的转换关系,得到被测物体的三维坐标信息及数字模型。由实验可知,相机的标定精度为0.2 mm,原理样机进行物体测量的精度为0.1 mm。实验证明该系统检测精度高,具有可行性。     

造孔剂含量对无压浸渗法制备SiC/Al复合材料性能的影响

采用无压浸渗法制备了SiC/Al复合材料,研究了造孔剂含量对SiC/Al复合材料性能的影响。实验结果表明:不同含量的造孔剂对残余气孔率的影响不同,随着造孔剂加入量的增加,残余气孔率先减小后增大,但试样抗弯强度呈先增加后减小。在SiC/Al复合材料中加入质量分数为20%的造孔剂时,SiC/Al复合材料的抗弯强度出现最大值,其残余气孔率达到最小值0.9%左右。     

Improvement of corrosion resistance of AZ91D magnesium alloy by gadolinium addition

Based on the previous investigation on beneficial introduction of holmium into magnesium alloy, the effect of gadolinium, an adjacent rare earth element, on corrosion resistance was examined. The corrosion behavior of two Mg-9Al-Gd alloys （Mg-9Al-0.45Gd and Mg-9Al-l.43Gd） was evaluated and compared with that of Mg-9Al alloy without Gd by means of specimen mass loss and hydrogen evolution in 3.5% NaCl solution saturated with Mg（OH）2. The Gd-containing alloys exhibit enhanced corrosion resistance with respect to the plain Mg-9Al alloy. The microstructures of Mg-9Al alloy and Mg-9Al-0.45 Gd alloy were observed by electron probe microanalysis （EPMA） and energy dispersion spectroscopy （EDS）. The alloys with Gd addition show a microstructure characterized by a phase solid solution, surrounded by minor amount of β phase and more grain-like Gd-containing phase. To illustrate the involved mechanism their polarization curves were recorded. The electrochemical investigations reveal that Gd addition shifts the corrosion potential of the alloy towards active, as Gd containing phase is more active and hence less cathodic. As a result, the micro-galvanic corrosion is suppressed. Moreover corrosion product films formed on the Gd containing alloys are more compact and provide a better protective effectiveness than that on the alloy without Gd against corrosion. Repassivation measurements in mixture solution of 0.21 mol/L K2CrO4＋0.6 mol/L NaCI also verify the beneficial role of Gd addition. Based on the present preliminary analysis, both the deposited Gd-containing phases and corrosion product films are believed to be responsible for the improved corrosion behaviour due to Gd addition.     

HEAT TREATMENT STRENGTHENING EFFECTS OF RARE EARTHS ON Mg—9Al ALLOY

Mg-9Al-xRE magnesium alloys were studied, where, x is 0, 0.4. 0.8. 1.2 and 1.6% (in weight percent, wt%), respectively. Influence of rare earths (RE) on microstructure and strength in both T4 (solute heat treatment) and T6 (solute heat treatment and artificial ageing treatment) were investigated. Strength of specimen was tested at ambient temperature. The micro structure was analyzed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis. RE additions improved T4 tensile strength of the treated alloys. Small addition (0.4wt%) of RE greatly improved the strength of ageing treated (T6) Mg-9Al alloy, but further additions caused decreasing.     

稀土与二（2,4,4—三甲基戊基）膦酸固体配合物的研究

合成了除Pm以外的16个稀土与二(2,4,4-三甲基戊基)膦酸(HBTMPP)的固体配合物,其组成为RE(BTMPP)_3,对配合物的性质进行了表征,热分析表明,在氩气中,热分解是一步完成的,在空气中,热分解分二步完成,前者的热分解产物是RE_4 (P_2O_7)_3,后者的产物为RE_2P_4O_(13)测定了配合物的振动光谱,对其主要吸收谱带进行了归属,配合物中RE-O键具有较高的离子特性     

镁合金零件表面化学改性技术

研究了镁合金表面化学改性的几种表面处理工艺,讨论了镁合金非铬酸盐处理的工艺过程、操作条件.测定、分析了膜层的厚度、表面形貌和膜层成分,对比了几种不同处理工艺的实验结果.结果表明,在优化非铬酸盐处理工艺条件下,所得的膜层细致均匀且与基体的结合力良好,对镁合金基体有较好的保护作用,膜的防腐能力与铬酸盐转化膜的防腐能力相当.     

Cu-Cr-Zr-Ce合金时效特性的研究

研究了时效参数和变形量对Cu-0.35Cr-0.038Zr-0.055Ce合金性能的影响。结果表明:合金经920℃×1h固溶后,在500℃时效2h可获得较高的导电率和硬度;时效前对合金加以冷变形可加速第二相的析出,如合金经60%变形后在500℃时效0.5h时,导电率可达69.0%IACS,显微硬度达152.8HV,而固溶后直接时效导电率仅为56.3%I-ACS,显微硬度为130HV;微量稀土元素Ce的加入,使合金的显微硬度提高了18～25HV,而导电率略有降低。     

用稀土钇提高离子镀TiN膜层与基体结合力的研究

研究了不同含量稀土钇对离子镀ＴｉＮ膜与基体结合力的影响，结果表明，加入稀土钇后，大大提高ＴｉＮ膜与基体的结合力，并使膜层内ＴｉＮ相增加，此外，稀土钇能明显提高镀膜过程中钛料蒸发率，在相同镀膜内，能使ＴｉＮ膜层加厚。     

EFFECTS OF NUCLEATION AGENTS ON EFFICIENCY OF BORON EXTRACTION FROM MgO－B_2O_3－SiO_2 SLAGS

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