高温W/Re流口复合界面上的扩散层

W/Re流口在高温下使用时,复合界面处会发生反应扩散而形成一个由固溶体(W),双相σ,双相x,固溶体(Re)4个相组成的过渡层。并作出了不同反应扩散时间的浓度分布曲线,及浓度突变形成的双相区,从而确定了各相成份组成。对经反应扩散后的复合界面进行微观观察发现x相、σ相内有许多间隔式微裂纹,据此认为高温下W/Re流口失效原因是使用过程中上述两x,σ相内裂纹扩散,熔体渗入所致。     

THE PREPARATION AND CHARACTERISTICS STUDY OF TiNxOy SPECTRAL SELECTIVE ABSORBING FILM BY MAGNETRON SPUTTERING

Spectral selective absorbent film is a crucial factor for the solar heating device. There are many kinds of spectral selective absorbing film made by different ways. TiNxOy thin film with excellent spectral selecting absobent property were successfully prepared by DC magnetron sputtering with Ar as working gas, N2 and O2 as reactive gas, 99.9% titanium as the target and is copper slice as the substrate. In this article, the optical characteristics and microstructure of TiNxOy thin film were studied. Inputing O2 can decrease the reflection of the visible lights, and double layer film can get good absorption for solar energy.     

Theoretical prediction and experimental realization of transition metal doped rutiles as diluted magnetic semiconductors

1. Introduction The new research area of ‘spintronics’ seeks to extend the properties and applications of electronic devices by making use of the spin of electrons in ad- dition to their charge. The development of magnetic semiconductors would be compatible with standard semiconductor technology and open new opportuni- ties. The so-called diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS) is used to denote the no magnetic semicon- ductor doped with magnetic ions, and there have been considerable progress…     

环保型反应性乳化剂在水性木器乳液聚合中的应用

介绍了环保型反应性乳化剂ADEKA?REASOAP?SR-10、ER-30的结构和特性,重点分析了反应性乳化剂在水性木器乳液聚合中的应用及其对聚合物性能的影响。实验证明,应用反应性乳化剂所得的聚合物性能要远远优于非反应性乳化剂所得聚合物性能,而且应用了非离子反应性乳化剂所得的聚合物性能要优于单独使用阴离子反应性乳化剂所得聚合物性能。最后预测了环保型反应性乳化剂的良好应用前景。     

新型颗粒状活性染料

本文阐述了颗粒状活性染料的制造特点、制造技术和品质评价，并列举了典型的商品。     

OP-1O丙烯酸酯的合成及其乳化特性的研究

本文对OP－10丙烯酸酯非离子反应性乳化剂的合成方法进行了研究，并对合成乳化剂的各种乳化剂性能进行了测试。经过测试和聚合实验表明，在本实验条件下，OP－10与丙烯酸可以有效地进行酯化反应，合成的OP－10丙烯酸酯有较好的聚合与乳化特性。     

用RAP法引上技术生长KCL晶体

用RAP法(reactivo atmosphere process)处理KCl熔体,在不改变生长气氛和RAP继续处理的情况下,提拉生长KCl晶体,以解决高纯、大尺寸、生长速度快、成品率高和有较大经济效益的问题。     

不同螺杆组合对聚乙烯交联反应挤出的影响

从20世纪60年代到现在,在国外,反应挤出取得了相当巨大的进步,其应用相当广泛。而在国内,对于反应挤出研究得很少,最突出的表现在利用平行同向双螺杆、采用两步法的生产工艺来反应挤出聚乙烯交联料。这主要是由于影响交联质量的因素很多,如配方、生产工艺和反应挤出设备等等,而本文着重讨论挤出设备,通过对现有的挤出设备进行改进,以期得到一组最佳的螺杆组合和生产工艺条件。     

Optimal policies for BMA polymerization in nonisothermal batch reactor

In this paper, the optimal policies for bulk polymerization of n‐butyl methacrylate (BMA) are determined in a nonisothermal batch reactor. Four objectives are realized for BMA polymerization based on a detailed process model. The objectives are: (i) maximization of monomer conversion in a specified operation time, (ii) minimization of operation time for a specified, final monomer conversion, (iii) maximization of monomer conversion for a specified, final number average polymer molecular weight, and (iv) maximization of monomer conversion for a specified, final weight average polymer molecular weight. For each objective, the optimal temperature policy of heat‐exchange fluid inside reactor jacket is determined. The temperature of the heat‐exchange fluid is considered as a function of a specified variable. Necessary equations are provided to suitably transform the process model in terms of a specified variable other than time, and to evaluate the elements of Jacobian to help in the accurate solution of the process model. A genetic algorithm‐based optimal control method is applied to realize the objectives. The resulting optimal policies of this application reveal considerable improvements in the batch production of poly(BMA). © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl PolymSci 102: 2799–2809, 2006     

Reactive‐extrusion route for the closed‐loop recycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

The effectiveness of the reactive extrusion technique was investigated for poly(ethylene terephthalate) to promote the concept of closed‐loop recycling, that is, the reuse of waste material in the initial application. More specifically, a chain‐extender system, consisting of pyromellitic dianhydride, polyol, and a catalyst, was employed, and its efficiency regarding the improvement of the recyclate quality was evaluated. Accordingly, rheological and thermal characterizations were performed and used as criteria of the modification induced in the polymer molecular structure during processing due to the counteracting degradation and chain‐extension reactions. In particular, the molecular weight, related to intrinsic viscosity and melt flow rate measurements, of modified poly(ethylene terephthalate) samples was found to increase with the additive content. Simultaneously, a decrease in the crystallinity was observed, attributed to the branching effect of the chain extender, which restricted the ability of the macromolecules to organize in the crystal structure. Beyond a critical concentration of the additive system, the molecular weight of the treated samples started to decrease again, and this was accompanied by a small increase in the crystallinity. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 1671–1678, 2007