Effective dimensionality of cuprate superconductors

A novel optical method for accurate monitoring of the carrier densityN in layered conductors is introduced. It is applied to several cuprate superconductors, and it is found thatT _c doesnot scale withN. However, if the closely spaced pairs or triplets of CuO₂ planes were coupled together to act as distinct metallic slabs, the relevant variable could ben, theslab carrier density. Indeed, we found thatT _c does scale nicely withn. This suggests that high-T _c superconductivity is effectively a two-dimensional phenomenon; it can occur in a cuprate slab which is only one unit cell thick. Finally, estimates are obtained for the length scales of localization of charge carriers:d 8 Å andd 2 Å in all the cuprates under study.     

热轧生产过程加热炉优化调度模型及算法

钢铁生产中的加热炉调度问题是一类复杂的组合优化问题。本文进一步考虑不同轧制位对应的候选板坯集存在交集的生产实际,建立了以板坯住炉时间最小为优化目标的数学模型,提出了三阶段的启发式算法,确定各轧制位板坯的入炉和出炉时间。仿真实验表明,给出的模型和求解算法对加热炉调度问题的优化效果很好。     

强震区砂砾石筑坝技术进展

现代工程技术的长足发展,让我国西部强震区建设高混凝土面板和沥青心墙砂砾石坝成为可能。在分析国内外砂砾石坝的基础上,对砂砾石筑坝的工程特性、填筑标准与材料分区进行了研究,提出了解决其抗震稳定性的措施,包括合理的坝体材料分区设计、加强坝体抗震措施和施工技术进步等。     

某改建公路水泥路面板荷载应力与数值研究

利用ABAQUS对某改建公路的路面结构方案A和方案B进行研究,建立具有完整路面宽度的三维有限元模型,水泥路面接缝采用弹簧单元进行模拟,以便划分出不同大小尺寸的水泥混凝土板.然后载入标准轴载、超载20%、超载40%、超载60%时荷载,计算在均质稳定路基情况下水泥混凝土板的拉应力以及弯沉变化,分析A、B两个方案路面结构的优劣.     

Effect of cooling structure on thermal behavior of copper plates of slab continuous casting mold

A three-dimensional finite-element model of slab continuous casting mold was conducted to clarify the effect of cooling structure on thermal behavior of copper plates. The results show that temperature distribution of hot surface is mainly governed by cooling structure and heat-transfer conditions. For hot surface centricity, maximum surface temperature promotions are 30℃ and 15℃ with thickness increments of copper plates of 5 mm and nickel layers of 1 mm, respectively. The surface temperature without nickel layers is depressed by 10℃ when the depth increment of water slots is 2 mm and that with nickel layers adjacent to and away from mold outlet is depressed by 7℃ and 5℃, respectively. The specific trend of temperature distribution of transverse sections of copper plates is nearly free of cooling structure, but temperature is changed and its law is similar to the corresponding surface temperature.     

Pressure-impulse diagram with multiple failure modes of one-way reinforced concrete slab under blast loading using SDOF method

Two loosely coupled single degree of freedom (SDOF) systems were used to model the flexural and direct shear responses of one-way reinforced concrete slabs subjected to explosive loading. Blast test results show that the SDOF systems are accurate in predicting the failure mode of the slab under blast loads by incorporating the effects of the strain rate effect caused by rapid load application. Based on different damage criteria, pressure-impulse (P-I) diagrams of the two failure modes were analyzed with the SDOF systems. The effects of span length, concrete strength, and reinforcement ratio of the slab on the P-I diagram were also investigated. Results indicate that a slab tends to fail in direct shear mode when it is of a smaller span length and tends to fail in flexure mode when it is of a larger span length. With the increase of the concrete strength or reinforced ratio, both the flexure and shear capacity increase. Based on numerical results, a simplified method and a semi analytical equation for deriving the P-I diagram are proposed for different failure modes and damage levels.     

Numerical analysis of magnetization AC losses in high-temperature superconducting slabs subjected to uniform strains

High-temperature superconductors in superconductor apparatuses are subjected to mechanical strains under operating conditions.These strains cause the degradation of the critical current densities and influence AC losses in the superconductors.Based on the dynamic process of thermomagnetic interaction,we report the results of numerical analysis of AC losses in an infinite high-temperature superconducting slab subjected to a uniform in-plane strain in an alternating external magnetic field parallel to the sample surface.The numerical analysis shows the details of electromagnetic phenomena in the slab and the dependences of AC loss on various external parameters including the uniform strain in the slab and the amplitude and frequency of the external magnetic field.In this paper,we find that whether the magnetic field fully penetrates the superconductor is the key factor that influences the features of AC loss.When the magnetic field cannot fully penetrate the superconductor,the loss rises with increasing strain or decreasing frequency.When the magnetic field can fully penetrate the superconductor,the feature is just opposite.We also analyze the effects of periodic strain on AC loss.It is interesting to find that when the periodic strain frequency equals the external magnetic field frequency,the AC loss reaches the maximum,regardless if the magnetic field fully penetrates the superconductor or not.     

路堤下盖板涵的竖向土压力分布

由于盖板在填土压力作用下发生挠曲变形,针对盖板涵对竖向土压力分布的影响,推导了盖板涵竖向土压力分布计算公式.假设盖板发生弹性挠曲变形,填土服从Winkler弹性地基条件,对盖板上修正的Marston填土涵洞竖向土压力分布进行了分析.结果表明,该修正公式考虑了盖板涵内外土柱差异沉降的应力集中效应,可计算由于盖板挠曲变形而引起的土压力重分布.通过对鹤大高速公路某盖板涵进行现场测试以及有限元数值模拟分析,结果显示盖板涵土压力的分布特点与本文理论分析相一致,且理论公式计算结果值与现场实测值吻合较好.     

竖直窄矩形流道液泛研究

为了研究窄小流道内气液两相逆向流动问题,以空气-水为工质,对竖直窄矩形流道内液泛过程及液泛特征点进行了实验研究和理论分析,并与传统流道液泛进行了比较.结果表明,竖直窄矩形流道内液泛起始点符合Wallis关系式,与传统流道液泛起始点以压差突变进行判断不同,窄矩形流道内液泛起始点的判断以有水被携带出流道为标志.窄矩形流道内完全携带点与水流量大小、实验段入口条件无关,只与气体流量大小有关;流向反转点与试验段壁面干燥程度有关,与水流量大小及气体入口条件无关.     

三头石材磨光机控制系统的设计

针对中小型石材厂在大理石板磨光方面存在设备简陋、工艺落后、生产效率低和产品质量差的问题,以PLC和文本显示器作为核心器件代替传统电器元件设计了三头石材磨光机控制系统。该系统利用三菱FX1N60型PLC进行逻辑控制,利用文本显示器修改参数。现场运行结果表明,系统运行稳定,操作简便,抗干扰能力强,研磨出的石板光泽度比在手扶磨光机上所研磨的光泽度提高20%,该设计已投入运行一年,取得了良好的经济效益,具有较高的推广应用价值。