氧化还原电位调控对Actinobacillus succinogenes 厌氧发酵产丁二酸的影响

对氧化还原电位调控在产琥珀酸放线杆菌厌氧发酵产丁二酸过程中的代谢产物分布的作用进行了研究。在血清瓶发酵培养过程中,筛选出对发酵过程无抑制作用的氧化剂铁氰化钾和还原剂二硫苏糖醇作为发酵体系的氧化还原电位调节剂。在3L发酵罐上利用铁氰化钾和二硫苏糖醇调节发酵体系氧化还原电位值在-100～-450mV,结果表明-350mV为菌体生长和产丁二酸的最佳电位,丁二酸生产速率由0.75g/(L·h)提高到1.18g/(L·h),产物丁二酸与副产物乙酸的质量浓度比由2.5提高到3.9。     

染料敏化太阳能电池的研究进展

综述了染料敏化太阳能电池的研究背景和发展过程,包括了光阳极、光敏染料和电解质的研究进展,详细阐述了该电池国内外各项关键技术的实验和产业化研究最新成果,着重分析了染料敏化太阳电池的未来发展趋势,并展望了该电池的应用前景。     

Ionic transport behavior in poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) and LiClO4 complex

The effect of LiClO₄ on the ionic transport behavior in poly(ethylene oxide)₂₀-poly(propylene oxide)₇₀-poly(ethylene oxide)₂₀ (P123) polymer electrolyte was studied. Its conductivity reaches maximum as molar ratio between ether O atoms and lithium ions [n(O)/n(Li)] equals 8. The results show that LiClO₄ could interact with P123 well and has impacts on polymer organization and chain dynamics. As LiClO₄ concentration decreases, the glass transition temperature (T_g) decreases and the free ion percentage increases. The tendency of conductivity with LiClO₄ concentration is the result of competing effects between polymer chain mobility and free charge carrier concentration.     

燃料电池用LSGM-碳酸盐复合电解质材料的稳定性

目前研究较多的固体氧化物电池用碳酸盐复合电解质体系中,碳酸盐在工作温度下的熔融状态使其稳定性受到质疑。本文通过聚丙烯酰胺溶胶凝胶法制得La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O2.85（LSGM）粉体与二元碳酸盐复合,制备了新型LSGM-碳酸盐复合电解质,从老化、循环和电池输出三方面考察了LSGM- (Li/Na)2CO3复合电解质的稳定性。在600℃、650 h的测试中,复合电解质的电导率长期稳定在0.07~0.09 S?cm-1;在室温~700℃循环中碳酸盐基本没有损失,电导率也较稳定;单电池在0.6 A?cm-2恒流放电,1 h内平均功率密度为256 mW?cm-2。     

The Chemistry of DPPH· Free Radical and Congeners

Since the discovery in 1922 of 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) hydrazyl stable free radical (DPPH^·), the chemistry of such open-shell compounds has developed continuously, allowing for both theoretical and practical advances in the free radical chemistry area. This review presents the important, general and modern aspects of the chemistry of hydrazyl free radicals and the science behind it.     

Acidification of the electrolyte during the galvanic corrosion of AA7075: A numerical and experimental study

The electrochemical interactions between aluminum alloy 7075 and low-carbon steels under gelled electrolytes were studied. Such electrolytes provided the opportunity to investigate both thick and thin electrolyte systems. The electrolyte was chemically modified to visually track the acidic fronts during the anodic reaction and the subsequent hydrolysis process. Two mathematical models were validated for both thick and ultrathin electrolytes. The acidification of thick electrolytes was extended some millimeters beyond the aluminum alloy surface, whereas the acidic front was localized next to the metallic joint using ultrathin electrolytes. The combination of both numerical and experimental results allows proving (and explaining why) that the acidification process is more aggressive under dilute than under concentrated electrolytes.     

铟在氯化物熔盐中的氧化还原行为

采用循环伏安、计时电位等电化学分析测试手段对450℃下LiCl?KCl共融盐中In(Ⅲ)在惰性钼电极上的电化学行为进行系统研究.结果表明:In(Ⅲ)在熔盐中的还原是一个两步过程,电极反应In(Ⅲ)/In(I)和In(I)/In分别发生在?0.4 V和?0.8 V(vs Ag/AgCl).结合还原过程电子转移数的理论计算...     

丙烯腈与丙烯酸乙酯乳液共聚合及其表征

用氧化还原引发体系在低温下研究了丙烯腈与丙烯酸乙酯的乳液共聚合。考察了聚合温度、乳化剂浓度和分子量调节剂浓度对聚合的影响 ,结果表明 ,随温度升高 ,乳化剂浓度增大 ,单体转化率和分子量增大 ,乳液更稳定 ;链转移剂十二烷基硫醇浓度增加 ,分子量显著降低 ,转化率有所降低 ,表明十二烷基硫醇在调节分子量的同时也起着缓聚剂的作用。用激光粒径分析仪考察了 2 0℃时聚合过程中乳胶粒子大小的变化 ,发现聚合过程的成核和增长均在胶束中进行的。用凝胶渗透色谱法研究了十二烷基硫醇对聚合物分子量的影响 ,发现聚合时加入分子量调节剂 ,活性链寿命较短并呈单峰分布 :聚合时不加入分子量调节剂 ,活性链寿命较长并呈双峰分布。 DSC结果表明 ,随聚合体系中软单体含量增加 ,共聚物的玻璃化温度降低。     

高镍锂离子电池三元材料NCM电解质的应用

高镍三元正极材料成本低、比容量高,符合锂离子电池可持续发展的理念,被认为是下一代的主流正极材料。但是,高镍材料需搭配合适的电解质才能有效发挥其性能,而这一研究很少被关注。因此,总结并选择适配的电解质对于高镍锂离子电池来说格外重要。本文简述了锂离子电池电解质的一般组成及其产生的电解质类型,重点综述了有机液体电解质、固体电解质及离子液体基电解质在高镍三元材料电池中的应用,并通过电解质的量化计算进行了验证总结。分析表明,离子液体-有机溶剂混合电解质在高镍三元材料（NCM）电池中具备更好的循环效果,同时满足了电池安全稳定的要求,更适合作为高镍材料电池的电解质。最后,针对混合电解质各溶剂间的相互作用机理及Li⁺传输等分子动力学研究进行了展望。